255 research outputs found
Report on the development of the Manned Orbital Research Laboratory /MORL/ system utilization potential. Task area IV - MORL SYSTEM improvement study, book 3
Manned Orbital Research Laboratory system improvement study on stabilization and control subsystem
Large Loops of Magnetic Current and Confinement in Four Dimensional Lattice Gauge Theory
We calculate the heavy quark potential from the magnetic current due to
monopoles in four dimensional lattice gauge theory. The magnetic current
is found from link angle configurations using the DeGrand-Toussaint
identification method. The link angle configurations are generated in a cosine
action simulation on a lattice. The magnetic current is resolved into
large loops which wrap around the lattice and simple loops which do not.
Wrapping loops are found only in the confined phase. It is shown that the long
range part of the heavy quark potential, in particular the string tension, can
be calculated solely from the large, wrapping loops of magnetic current.Comment: 15 pages (Latex file plus 3 postscript files appended), Univeristy of
Illinois Preprint ILL-(TH)-93-\#1
Persistence of an outbreak of gonorrhoea with high-level resistance to azithromycin in England, November 2014âMay 2018
Between November 2014 and May 2018, 118 laboratory-confirmed cases of high-level azithromycin resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae were identified in England. Cases emerged among heterosexuals in Leeds but spread across England and into sexual networks of men who have sex with men as the outbreak progressed. The few epidemiological links identified indicate substantial under-diagnosis of cases and this, along with the upturn in cases in 2017, highlights the difficulties in controlling the outbreak
String Tension from Monopoles in SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory
The axis for Figure 2 was wrong. It has been fixed and the postscript file
replaced (The file was called comp.ps).Comment: (22 pages latex (revtex); 2 figures appended as postscript files -
search for mono.ps and comp.ps. Figures mailed on request--send a note to
[email protected]) Preprint ILL-(TH)-94-#1
From local watershed management to integrated river basin management at national and transboundary levels
Watersheds face a range of degradation challenges associated with human activities, such as pollution, deforestation and changes in sediment generation. The way they are managed has a profound cascading effect on natural resources and communities in the wider basin. Although watersheds play a critical role as the basic hydrological unit within a river basin they are often neglected in river basin management.
Over the past decade, principles and practices have evolved to ensure that integrated water resources management (IWRM) approaches used at the broader basin level to address sustainable development and management of land and water resources also apply at the smaller watershed level.
This technical report is a synthesis of the knowledge, lessons learned and good practices presented and discussed at the International Conference on Watershed Management held in Chiang Mai, Thailand 9-11 March 2011
A microscopic semiclassical confining field equation for lattice gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions
We present a semiclassical nonlinear field equation for the confining field
in 2+1--dimensional lattice gauge theory (compact QED). The equation is
derived directly from the underlying microscopic quantum Hamiltonian by means
of truncation. Its nonlinearities express the dynamic creation of magnetic
monopole currents leading to the confinement of the electric field between two
static electric charges. We solve the equation numerically and show that it can
be interpreted as a London relation in a dual superconductor.Comment: 21 pages, epsf postscript figures included, full postscript available
at ftp://ftp.th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/pub/cbest/micro.ps.Z or
http://www.th.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~cbest/pub.htm
Flux-tubes in three-dimensional lattice gauge theories
Flux-tubes in different representations of SU(2) and U(1) lattice gauge
theories in three dimensions are measured. Wilson loops generate heavy
``quark-antiquark'' pairs in fundamental (), adjoint (), and
quartet () representations of SU(2). The first direct lattice
measurements of the flux-tube cross-section as a function of
representation are made. It is found that ,
to about 10\%. Results are consistent with a connection between the string
tension and suggested by a simplified flux-tube model,
[ is the gauge coupling], given
that scales like the Casimir , as observed in previous
lattice studies in both three and four dimensions. The results can discriminate
among phenomenological models of the physics underlying confinement. Flux-tubes
for singly- and doubly-charged Wilson loops in compact QED are also
measured. It is found that the string tension scales as the squared-charge and
the flux-tube cross-section is independent of charge to good approximation.
These SU(2) and U(1) simulations lend some support, albeit indirectly, to a
conjecture that the dual superconductor mechanism underlies confinement in
compact gauge theories in both three and four dimensions.Comment: 15 pages (REVTEX 2.1). Figures: 11, not included (available by
request from [email protected] by regular mail, postscript files, or one
self-unpacking uuencoded file
Multicentre validation of the bedside paediatric early warning system score: a severity of illness score to detect evolving critical illness in hospitalised children
Abstract
Introduction
The timely provision of critical care to hospitalised patients at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest is contingent upon identification and referral by frontline providers. Current approaches require improvement. In a single-centre study, we developed the Bedside Paediatric Early Warning System (Bedside PEWS) score to identify patients at risk. The objective of this study was to validate the Bedside PEWS score in a large patient population at multiple hospitals.
Methods
We performed an international, multicentre, case-control study of children admitted to hospital inpatient units with no limitations on care. Case patients had experienced a clinical deterioration event involving either an immediate call to a resuscitation team or urgent admission to a paediatric intensive care unit. Control patients had no events. The scores ranged from 0 to 26 and were assessed in the 24 hours prior to the clinical deterioration event. Score performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUCROC) curve by comparison with the retrospective rating of nurses and the temporal progression of scores in case patients.
Results
A total of 2,074 patients were evaluated at 4 participating hospitals. The median (interquartile range) maximum Bedside PEWS scores for the 12 hours ending 1 hour before the clinical deterioration event were 8 (5 to 12) in case patients and 2 (1 to 4) in control patients (P < 0.0001). The AUCROC curve (95% confidence interval) was 0.87 (0.85 to 0.89). In case patients, mean scores were 5.3 at 20 to 24 hours and 8.4 at 0 to 4 hours before the event (P < 0.0001). The AUCROC curve (95% CI) of the retrospective nurse ratings was 0.83 (0.81 to 0.86). This was significantly lower than that of the Bedside PEWS score (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
The Bedside PEWS score identified children at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest. Scores were elevated and continued to increase in the 24 hours before the clinical deterioration event. Prospective clinical evaluation is needed to determine whether this score will improve the quality of care and patient outcomes
Effect of Early vs. Late Maturing Sire Lines and Creep Feeding on the Stress Response, Intestinal Permeability, and Growth Performance of Nursery and Finishing Pigs
A total of 21 litters (early or late maturing Duroc Ă DNA 241) and 247 pigs were used in 170-d trial to determine the effect of sire line growth pattern (early vs. late maturing) and creep feeding on the stress response, intestinal permeability, and growth performance of nursery and finishing pigs.Treatments were arranged in a 2 Ă 2 factorial with main effect of Duroc sire line (early or late maturing) and lactation creep feeding (with or without). Immediately after weaning (initially 14.0 lb), blood cortisol levels were increased (P \u3c 0.01) in late maturing pigs compared to early maturing pigs, indicating an increased stress response. A greater percentage (P \u3c 0.001) of late maturing pigs lost weight from d 0 to 3 post-weaning compared to early maturing pigs. Likewise, early maturing pigs had improved ADG (P \u3c 0.001) and ADFI (P \u3c 0.001) during the first 3 d in the nursery. A similar response was observed in daily feed intake with early maturing pigs having increased daily feed intake (P \u3c 0.001) for the first 14 d in the nursery. However, no differences were observed in intestinal permeability between treatments. For overall nursery growth performance, a significant interaction was observed for ADG (P = 0.007) and ADFI (P \u3c 0.001). Early maturing pigs that did or did not receive creep feed had increased ADG and ADFI compared to late maturing pigs that did not receive creep feed, with late maturing pigs that received creep feed intermediate. For overall nursery feed efficiency, early maturing pigs had poorer F/G (P \u3c 0.001) than late maturing pigs. For overall finishing growth performance, a significant interaction was observed for ADG (P = 0.007), with late maturing pigs that received creep feed prior to weaning having increased ADG compared to the other 3 treatment combinations. A significant interaction was also observed for ADFI (P \u3c 0.007), with late maturing pigs that received creep feed or early maturing pigs having increased ADFI compared to late maturing pigs that did not receive creep feed. This resulted in a significant interaction for final BW (P = 0.005), with late maturing pigs that did not receive creep feed having decreased weights at market. In summary, early maturing pigs had improved ADG and ADFI until approximately 220 lb, at which point late maturing pigs began to exhibit improved ADG. Late maturing pigs also had improved feed efficiency throughout much of the experiment. Interestingly, creep feeding the late maturing pigs resulted in improved growth performance compared to providing no creep feed, whereas creep feed did not impact the early maturing pigs
Photon propagator, monopoles and the thermal phase transition in 3D compact QED
We investigate the gauge boson propagator in three dimensional compact
Abelian gauge model in the Landau gauge at finite temperature. The presence of
the monopole plasma in the confinement phase leads to appearance of an
anomalous dimension in the momentum dependence of the propagator. The anomalous
dimension as well as an appropriate ratio of photon wave function
renormalization constants with and without monopoles are observed to be order
parameters for the deconfinement phase transition. We discuss the relation
between our results and the confining properties of the gluon propagator in
non--Abelian gauge theories.Comment: 4 pages, 5 EPS figures, RevTeX 4, uses epsfig.sty; repaced to match
version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. (discussion on fits is
extended
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