Luttinger-volume violating Fermi liquid in the pseudogap phase of the cuprate superconductors

Based on the NMR measurements on Bi$_2$Sr$_{2-x}$La$_x$CuO$_{6+\delta}$ (La-Bi2201) in strong magnetic fields, we identify the non-superconducting pseudogap phase in the cuprates as a Luttinger-volume violating Fermi liquid (LvvFL). This state is a zero temperature quantum liquid that does not break translational symmetry, and yet, the Fermi surface encloses a volume smaller than the large one given by the Luttinger theorem. The particle number enclosed by the small Fermi surface in the LvvFL equals the doping level $p$, not the total electron number $n_e=1-p$. Both the phase string theory and the dopon theory are introduced to describe the LvvFL. For the dopon theory, we can obtain a semi-quantitative agreement with the NMR experiments.Comment: The final version in PR

(R)-1,1′-Binaphthalene-2,2′-diyl dicinnamate

In the title compound, C38H26O4, two cinnamo­yloxy groups are linked in a trans fashion to the two O atoms of optically active (R)-1,10-bi-2-naphthol. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two naphthyl groups is 71.8 (1)°. The crystal structure contains inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions

The effects of extracts of atractylodes macrocephala koidz combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in treating the ovariectomized female rats

Background: The present study was to explore the effects of the extracts of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (EAMK) combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the ovariectomized female rats.Materials and Methods: Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operation, model, livial and EAMK+TEAS groups (n=10 in each group). After the individual treatments for 8 weeks ended, the serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), osteocalcin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: We found that in the sham-operation group, the serum E2 and osteocalcin levels were significantly higher, and the serum levels of FSH, LH and IL-6 were markedly lower than those of other groups (P<0.05). No significant differences existed between the livial and EAMK+TEAS groups on the serum E2 and osteocalcin levels (P>0.05), however, the serum FSH and IL-6 levels of EAMK+TEAS group were significantly lower than those of the livial group (P<0.05).Conclusion: EAMK combined with TEAS has promises in treating the ovariectomized female rats.Key words: Extracts of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (EAMK), transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), osteocalcin, interleukin-6 (IL-6)

Bis[2-(2-pyridyl­sulfan­yl)eth­yl]ammonium perchlorate

The cation and anion of the title salt, C14H18N3S2 +·ClO4 −, lie on a twofold rotation axis. The cation is a W-shaped entity with the aromatic rings at the ends; the ammonium NH2 + group is a hydrogen-bond donor to the pyridyl N atoms. The perchlorate ion has one O atom disordered over two sites in a 0.50:0.50 ratio

Bis[2-((4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidin-2-yl){2-[(4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfan­yl]eth­yl}amino)­eth­yl] disulfide

Bis[2-(4,6-dimethyl­pyrimidin-2-ylsulfan­yl)eth­yl]amine under hydro­thermal conditions has unexpectedly been transformed into the title compound, C32H44N10S4. In the title mol­ecule, the zigzag 3,10-diaza-6,7-disulfanyldodecyl skeleton has two dimethyl­pyrimidinylsulfanyl groups at both ends, and the aza atoms each carry a dimethyl­pyrimidinyl unit. The N atoms in the skeleton show a planar coordination

THE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTS OF ATRACTYLODES MACROCEPHALA KOIDZ COMBINED WITH TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICALACUPOINT STIMULATION IN TREATING THE OVARIECTOMIZED FEMALE RATS

Background: The present study was to explore the effects of the extracts of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (EAMK) combined with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the ovariectomized female rats. Materials and Methods: Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operation, model, livial and EAMK+TEAS groups (n=10 in each group). After the individual treatments for 8 weeks ended, the serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), osteocalcin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that in the sham-operation group, the serum E2 and osteocalcin levels were significantly higher, and the serum levels of FSH, LH and IL-6 were markedly lower than those of other groups (P0.05), however, the serum FSH and IL-6 levels of EAMK+TEAS group were significantly lower than those of the livial group (

Monopoles, confinement and charge localization in the t-J model with dilute holes

We present a quantum field theoretic description on the t$-$J model on a square lattice with dilute holes (i.e. near half-filling), based on the compact mutual Chern-Simons gauge theory. We show that, due to the presence of non-perturbative monopole plasma configuration from the antiferromagnetic background, holons (carrying electric charge) are linearly confined and strongly localized even without extrinsic disorder taken into account. Accordingly, the translation symmetry is spontaneously broken at ground state. Such an exotic localization is distinct from Anderson localization and essentially rooted in intrinsic Mott physics of the t$-$J model. Finally, a finite-temperature phase diagram is proposed. The metal-insulator transition observed in in-plane resistivity measurement is identified to a confinement-deconfinement transition from the perspective of gauge theory. The transition is characterized by the order parameter "Polyakov-line".Comment: 8 papges, 1 figure, accepted by Nucl. Phys.

Rare manifestation of familial vitreous amyloidosis caused by Gly103Arg transthyretin

AIM: To identify and analyze the genotype of the patients with special ocular manifestations of familial vitreous amyloidosis (FVA) in a Chinese Han family. METHODS: Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery was performed on a 52-year-old Chinese woman presented with vitreous amyloidosis and progressive visual impairment, without evidence of cardiac, renal, gastrointestinal, central nervous system or peripheral nervous system dysfunction. During the surgery, the patient presented with a gray-white dense and thick cotton wool-like change in the vitreous body, accompanied by complete retinal detachment. Additionally, hard, free and movable yellow-white deposits were observed in the posterior pole and surrounding retina, the vitreous and subretinal deposits were examined by Congo red staining and immunohistochemical pathological examination, and whole exome sequencing was performed on blood samples from the patient and her cousin. RESULTS: During the operation, it was discovered that there was a complete detachment of the retina and a significant amount of hard, free-floating yellow-white deposits were observed beneath the posterior pole and surrounding retina. This is an exceedingly rare ocular manifestation. Pathological examination of the vitreous and subretinal deposit specimens revealed positive Congo red staining, as well as elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in vascular endothelial cells within the sediment specimens upon immunohistochemical examination. The patient and her cousin both exhibited a heterozygous mutation in Glyl03Arg within the transthyretin (TTR) gene, resulting in a substitution of glycine (Gly) at position 103 with arginine (Arg). CONCLUSION: FVA may present with various ocular manifestations, but panretinal detachment is a rare occurrence. In cases where retinal detachment persists for an extended period of time, amyloid deposits may form under the retina through retinal tears, leading to subretinal deposits that can impede retinal reattachment and negatively impact visual prognosis. Elevated levels of VEGF in the eyes of FVA patients may indicate an overexpression state, necessitating careful postoperative follow-up. The heterozygous mutation Gly103Arg may represent a unique pathogenic site in Chinese individuals

Genetic disruption of oncogenic Kras sensitizes lung cancer cells to Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis

Genetic lesions that activate KRAS account for approximately 30% of the 1.6 million annual cases of lung cancer. Despite clinical need, KRAS is still undruggable using traditional small-molecule drugs/inhibitors. When oncogenic Kras is suppressed by RNA interference, tumors initially regress but eventually recur and proliferate despite suppression of Kras Here, we show that tumor cells can survive knockout of oncogenic Kras, indicating the existence of Kras-independent survival pathways. Thus, even if clinical KRAS inhibitors were available, resistance would remain an obstacle to treatment. Kras-independent cancer cells exhibit decreased colony formation in vitro but retain the ability to form tumors in mice. Comparing the transcriptomes of oncogenic Kras cells and Kras knockout cells, we identified 603 genes that were specifically up-regulated in Kras knockout cells, including the Fas gene, which encodes a cell surface death receptor involved in physiological regulation of apoptosis. Antibodies recognizing Fas receptor efficiently induced apoptosis of Kras knockout cells but not oncogenic Kras-expressing cells. Increased Fas expression in Kras knockout cells was attributed to decreased association of repressive epigenetic marks at the Fas promoter. Concordant with this observation, treating oncogenic Kras cells with histone deacetylase inhibitor and Fas-activating antibody efficiently induced apoptosis, thus bypassing the need to inhibit Kras. Our results suggest that activation of Fas could be exploited as an Achilles\u27 heel in tumors initiated by oncogenic Kras