Satisfactory short-term outcomes of totally laparoscopic ileostomy reversal compared to open surgery in colorectal cancer patients

BackgroundRecently, totally laparoscopic (TLAP) surgery has suggested its potential on ileostomy reversal. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes between TLAP and traditional open ileostomy reversal.Patients and methodsFrom September 2016 to September 2021, 107 eligible patients underwent TLAP (n = 48) or open (n = 59) loop ileostomy reversal were retrospectively enrolled. Surgical parameters, postoperative recovery and complications were identified and compared between TLAP technique vs. open surgery.ResultsThe operation time and estimated blood loss showed no obvious difference between TLAP and open group. However, TLAP reversal significantly decreased the incision length (4.5cm vs. 6cm, P < 0.001). Furthermore, patients underwent TLAP surgery showed quicker first ground activities (1 day vs. 2 days, P < 0.001), faster first flatus passage (2 days vs. 3 days, P = 0.004) and shorter postoperative stay (5 days vs. 7 days, P = 0.007). More importantly, postoperative complications were significantly reduced after TLAP reversal (3 cases vs. 10 cases, P = 0.026). Further logistic regression analyses also indicated the TLAP technique was associated with lower incidence of complications (OR=3.316, CI, 1.118–9.835; P = 0.031).ConclusionsTLAP surgery is competitive in promoting postoperative recovery as well as reducing complications compared to the traditional open ileostomy reversal

Childhood secondhand smoke exposure and pregnancy loss in never smokers: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Objective Studies of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure especially childhood SHS exposure and pregnancy loss are limited. We used baseline data of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) to examine the association of childhood SHS exposure with a history of pregnancy loss. Methods Never smoking women aged 50 years or above in GBCS from 2003 to 2008 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for confounding. Negative binomial regression and logistic regression were used to examine the association of childhood SHS, assessed by number of smokers in childhood household and frequency of exposure, with past pregnancy loss. Results Of 19 562 women, 56.7% (11 096) had SHS exposure during childhood. In negative binomial regression, after adjusting for age, education, past occupational dust exposure, past home fuel exposure, oral contraceptive, adulthood SHS exposure, age at first pregnancy and age at first menarche, compared to nonexposure, the incidence rate ratio of one more pregnancy loss was 1.20 (95% CI1.05 to 1.37) in those who lived with ≥2 smokers in the same household, and 1.14 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.25) in those exposed ≥5 times/week. After similar adjustment, logistic regression showed that the OR of pregnancy loss ≥2 times (versus 0 to 1 time) was 1.25 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.57) and 1.20 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.40) for high density (≥2 smokers in the same household) and frequency (≥5 times/week) of childhood exposure, respectively. Conclusions Childhood SHS exposure was associated with higher risks of pregnancy loss in middle-aged and older Chinese women

Hotspot Temperature Prediction of Relay Protection Equipment Based on a Physical-Model-Aided Data-Driven Method

Relay protection equipment (RPE) is a type of automation equipment aiming to protect power systems from further damage caused by local faults. It is thus important to ensure the normal operation of RPE. As the power density of electronic components continuously increases, the overheating problem of RPE cannot be neglected. Given the difficulties in implementing direct measurement and predicting development trends of RPE temperature, a novel hotspot temperature monitoring method for RPE was proposed, which is a data-driven method. The generative adversarial network, aided by a physical model, is used to address small samples. Afterwards, a stacked ensemble model established based on random forests was used to predict the hotspot temperature of the RPE. Experiment results show that the proposed method can effectively predict hotspot temperature of RPE with the predictive error lower than 2%. And comparative results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to other methods

Association of Salt Intake with Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Middle-Aged to Older Chinese: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study

Older people have higher amounts of sodium accumulation in skeletal muscles than younger people, indicating the possible role of salt intake on muscular and physical function. This large population-based cross-sectional study examined the association of salt intake with muscle strength and physical performance in 4867 participants with an average age of 60.4 (standard deviation = 7.7) years. Information on salt intake was collected from self-reports. Absolute and relative grip strength (AGS and RGS), timed up-and-go test (TUGT), and falls were considered the indicators of muscle strength and physical performance. Linear and logistic regression were used to examine the associations of salt intake with AGS, RGS, TUGT score, and falls, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, body mass index, self-rated health, and self-reported hypertension. Higher salt intake was independently associated with lower grip strength and a higher TUGT score. Versus light salt intake, the adjusted β (95% confidence interval (CI)) of AGSmax, RGSmax, and TUGT scores in those with salty taste were −0.53 (−0.97, −0.08) kg, −0.04 (−0.06, −0.02) kg per kg/m2, and 0.08 (0.02, 0.14) s, respectively. A non-significant association was found between salt intake and falls. In sex-stratification analysis, the association remained in women but became non-significant in men. Our results suggest that avoiding high-salt diets may play a role in preserving muscle strength and physical function in the elderly, especially in women

Estudo da combinação de preparações enzimáticas no rendimento de extração aquosa do óleo da polpa de Euterpe oleracea Martius

The oil of the açai palm tree (Euterpe oleracea) fruits has a beneficial lipid profile for health with a high content of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, besides antioxidant substances, which provides its appreciation on the industry. The aqueous extraction of vegetable oils supported by enzymes has been widely used because of its benefits compared to the traditional processes. In this context, this work aims to identify the best combination of enzymatic preparations, which would maximize the aqueous extraction yield of the oil of the açai palm tree fruits from the pulp. The açai pulp was obtained from fruits collected in Abaetetuba during the 2015 crop. Four commercial enzymatic preparations (Novozymes) were used: Celluclast 1,5L (cellulase); Viscozyme L (endo 1,3(4) β-glucanase, xylanase, cellulase and hemicellulase); Ultrazym AFP (pectin lyase, cellulase and polygalacturonase); and Shearzyme 500L (endo 1,4-xylanase). The tests of açai oil extraction were performed by a process developed in this work with the following parameters: mean granulometry of the açai pulp of 0,75 cm; global dry matter of the aqueous mixtures of the pulp of 15%; individual enzymatic concentration of 1% (w:w) on pulp basis; constant orbital agitation of 100 rpm and vigorous agitation by hand every 30 minutes; incubation time and temperature of 4 hours and 50°C, respectively. The enzymatic preparations were tested individually (1x1) in quadruplicate, or combined (2x2; 3x3 and 4x4) in triplicate, totaling 89 tests. The negative control presented a mean yield of extraction of 34,91±11,81%, the lowest of all the tests. The tests performed with the isolated enzymatic preparations have enabled an increase of the extraction yield up to 36,66% compared to the negative control, confirming the important role of the enzymes in the aqueous extraction process. The tests performed with the enzymatic preparations combined 3x3 and 4x4 have increased the extraction yield up to 99,05% compared to the negative control, demonstrating the importance of using the combinations of enzymatic preparations. Among the different tests performed, the enzymatic preparations that stood out are Celluclast 1,5 L, Viscozyme L and Ultrazym AFP by facilitating the oil recovery with a reduce standard deviation (±3,01%). Furthermore, the extraction yield using this combination of three enzymatic preparations is statistically equal to the extraction yield using the four enzymatic preparations, which becomes interesting to the industry due to the cost reduction in the process.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorO óleo dos frutos do açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea) possui um perfil lipídico benéfico para a saúde com um alto teor de ácidos graxos mono e poli-insaturados, além de substâncias antioxidantes, o que propicia sua valorização na indústria. A extração aquosa de óleos vegetais com o auxílio de enzimas vem sendo amplamente utilizada devido aos benefícios frente aos processos tradicionais. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a melhor combinação de preparações enzimáticas que permitisse maximizar o rendimento de extração aquosa do óleo de frutos de açaizeiro a partir da polpa. A polpa de açaí foi obtida a partir de frutos coletados em Abaetetuba na safra de 2015. Quatro preparações enzimáticas comerciais (Novozymes) foram utilizadas: Celluclast 1,5L (celulase); Viscozyme L (endo 1,3(4) β-glucanase, xilanase, celulase e hemicelulase); Ultrazym AFP (pectino liase, celulase e poligalacturonase); e Shearzyme 500L (endo 1,4-xilanase). Os ensaios de extração do óleo de açaí foram realizados através de um processo desenvolvido neste trabalho com os seguintes parâmetros: granulometria média da polpa de açaí de 0,75 cm; matéria-seca global da mistura aquosa da polpa de 15%; concentração enzimática individual de 1% (w:w) em base da polpa; agitação orbital constante de 100 rpm e manual vigorosa a cada 30 minutos; tempo e temperatura de incubação de 4 horas e 50ºC, respectivamente. As preparações enzimáticas foram testadas individualmente (1x1) em quadruplicata, ou combinadas (2x2; 3x3 e 4x4) em triplicata, totalizando 89 ensaios. O controle negativo apresentou um rendimento médio de extração de 34,91±11,81%, sendo o mais baixo de todos os ensaios. Os ensaios realizados com as preparações enzimáticas isoladas permitiram um incremento do rendimento de extração em até 36,66% em relação ao controle negativo, confirmando o papel importante das enzimas no processo de extração aquosa. Os ensaios realizados com as preparações enzimáticas combinadas 3x3 e 4x4 aumentaram o rendimento de extração em até 99,05% em relação ao controle negativo, demostrando a importância de utilizar combinações de preparações enzimáticas. Entre os diferentes ensaios realizados, a combinação de preparações enzimáticas que teve destaque foi Celluclast 1,5 L, Viscozyme L e Ultrazym AFP por facilitar a recuperação do óleo com um desvio padrão reduzido (±3,01%). Além disso, o rendimento de extração com o uso desta combinação de três preparações enzimáticas é estatisticamente igual ao rendimento de extração usando as quatro preparações enzimáticas, o que se torna interessante para a indústria, pois há redução de custo no processo

Associations of daytime napping and nighttime sleep quality with depressive symptoms in older Chinese: the Guangzhou biobank cohort study

Abstract Background Poor sleep quality has been linked to depression in older adults, but results of the association between daytime napping and depression remains limited and conflicting. Moreover, whether the association of daytime napping with depression varies by nighttime sleep quality is unclear. Hence, we examined the associations of daytime napping and nighttime sleep quality with depressive symptoms in older Chinese. Methods A total of 16,786 participants aged ≥50 from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study second-round examination (2008–2012) were included in this cross-sectional study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), napping and demographic data were collected by face-to-face interview using a computerized questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) of depressive symptoms for napping and sleep quality. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms (GDS score > 5) and poor global sleep quality (PSQI score ≥ 6) was 5.3 and 31.9%, respectively. Compared to non-nappers, nappers showed significantly higher odds of depressive symptoms, with OR (95% confidence interval (CI)) being 1.28 (1.11–1.49). The odds of depressive symptoms for daytime napping varied by nighttime sleep quality (P for interaction = 0.04). In good-quality sleepers, compared to non-nappers, nappers had significantly higher odds of depressive symptoms, with OR (95% CI) being 1.57 (1.23–2.01), whereas no association was found in poor-quality sleepers (OR = 1.13, 0.94–1.36). Conclusion Napping was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms in older people, and the association was stronger in good-quality sleepers

Odds ratio (95% CI) of early age at menarche (≤13 years old) for childhood passive smoking exposure in women who have never smoked.

<p>Model A: Unadjusted (n = 20,061). Model B: Adjusted for age (n = 20,061). Model C: Adjusted for age and education of the participants (n = 20,061). Model D: Adjusted for age and education, childhood family economic status, childhood family social status, frequency of eating meat and hunger as a child (phase 3 only; n = 6,697). The number of smokers and the frequency of exposure were included in the model separately.</p><p>Odds ratio (95% CI) of early age at menarche (≤13 years old) for childhood passive smoking exposure in women who have never smoked.</p

Baseline characteristics of female participants who had never smoked.

<p>Data are n (%) for categorical values.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of female participants who had never smoked.</p