Leptospirosis: An Unusual Cause of ARDS

Severe leptospirosis usually associates shock, jaundice, renal failure, and thrombocytopenia. Massive hemoptysis due to diffuse alveolar haemorrhage may rarely occur leading to an acute respiratory failure and multiple organ failure. We present the case of an acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by a severe leptospirosis. The severity of the respiratory failure contrasted with the absence of significant liver or renal dysfunction. Bedside open lung biopsy was only consistent with a postinfectious BOOP. The diagnosis was retrospective when the niece of the patient presented with similar inaugural symptoms ten days later after being scratched by a wild rat which was considered by our patient as a pet

Analysis of Several PLA2 mRNA in Human Meningiomas

In view of the important oncogenic action of phospholipase A2(PLA2) we investigated PLA2 transcripts in human meningiomas. Real-time PCR was used to investigate PLA2 transcripts in 26 human meningioma tumors. Results indicated that three Ca2+-dependent high molecular weight PLA2 (PLA2-IVA, PLA2-IVB, PLA2-IVC), one Ca2+-independent high molecular weight PLA2 (PLA2-VI) and five low molecular weight secreted forms of PLA2 (PLA2-IB, PLA2-IIA, PLA2-III, PLA2-V, and PLA2-XII) are expressed with PLA2-IVA, PLA2-IVB, PLA2-VI, and PLA2-XIIA as the major expressed forms. PLA2-IIE, PLA2-IIF, PLA2-IVD, and PLA2-XIIB are not detected. Plasma (PLA2-VIIA) and intracellular (PLA2-VIIB) platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase transcripts are expressed in human meningiomas. However no difference was found for PLA2 transcript amounts in relation to the tumor grade, the subtype of meningiomas, the presence of inflammatory infiltrated cells, of an associated edema, mitosis, brain invasion, vascularisation or necrosis. In conclusion numerous genes encoding multiples forms of PLA2 are expressed in meningiomas where they might act on the phospholipid remodeling and on the local eicosanoid and/or cytokine networks

Développement, mise au point et validation d'anticorps polyclonaux dirigés contre les récepteurs aux rétinoïdes (application à l'étude anatomo-clinique d'une série de tumeurs colo-rectales)

Les rétinoïdes, molécules dérivées de la vitamine A, ont un rôle essentiel dans la différenciation et de la prolifération cellulaire au niveau de nombreux tissus.Leurs effets biologiques sont relayés par deux familles de récepteurs nucléaires: les récepteurs de rétinoïque (RAR) et les récepteurs des rétinoïdes X (RXR). L'altération de l'activité de ces récepteurs nucléaires est identifiée comme jouant un role important dans le processus de cancérogenèse, en particulier dans les leucémies. promyélocytaires, les carcinomes bronchiques, ORL, cutanés ou mammaires. L'analyse immunologique de ces récepteurs nucléaires s'avère particulièrement difficile en raison de leur niveau d'expression extrêmement faible, et parce que très peu d' anticorps spécifiques ont été développés avec succès jusqu'à maintenant. Nous avons donc choisi de développer nos propres anticorps polyclonaux dirigés récepteurs aux rétinoïdes. Nous précisons, dans ce travail, la méthodologie de 1: d'anticorps au moyen d'outils bioinformatiques, la méthodologie de mise au point et validation de ces anticorps en-Western BIot et en immunohistochimie. Enfin, nous étudions les variations d'expression de deux isoformes de RXR (isoformes a. 1 et d'une isoforme de RAR (isoforme (3) dans les cellules tumorales d'une série de ,- adénomes et de quarante-deux carcinomes colo-rectaux.NANCY1-SCD Medecine (545472101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Transforming growth factor β-receptor II protein expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia is associated with prostate volume and inflammation.: TGFBR2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia

International audienceUNLABELLED: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Inflammation is known to play a role in BPH. Growth factors such as IGF and FGF are also known to play a role in the development of BPH. The paper shows that (1) TGFBR2, a member of the TGF family, has a protein expression related to prostate gland volume, and (2) highlights the interaction between inflammation and TGFBR2 for the development of BPH. OBJECTIVE: *  To assess transforming growth factor β-receptor II (TGFBRII) protein expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using immunohistochemistry analysis, and to compare the analysis with phenotypic properties. METHODS: *  TGFBRII protein expression was profiled using three clinical outcome tissue microarrays (TMAs), sampled from 231 patients who underwent surgery for BPH. *  Using these TMAs, five inflammatory cell markers were also assessed, including CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, and CD163. *  The surgical procedure was open prostatectomy in 95 patients and transurethral resection of the prostate in 136 patients. RESULTS: *  TGFBRII protein expression was found in BPH epithelium cells for both basal and secretory cells, as well as in fibromuscular stromal cells. TGFBRII staining was also strong in most of the lymphocytes infiltrating the prostate. *  TGFBRII stromal staining was found to be significantly associated with prostate volume (P = 0.04), whereas TGFBRII epithelial staining was found to be significantly associated with 5-α-reductase-inhibitor medical therapy received by patients before surgery (P = 0.004). *  Both stromal and epithelial TGFBRII staining were found to be associated with CD4 T-lymphocyte infiltrate, independently of prostate volume (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: *  TGFBRII protein expression in BPH is associated with prostate gland volume and with CD4 T-lymphocyte prostatitis. *  TGFBRII might be a promising therapeutic target to prevent prostate enlargement or even to decrease prostate volume

1p19q LOH patterns and expression of p53 and Olig2 in gliomas: relation with histological types and prognosis.

International audienceIn glial tumors, the loss of heterozygosity of the 1p and 19q chromosomal arms is thought to be a marker of good prognosis in oligodendroglial tumors. However, 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity may be telomeric, interstitial, centromeric or affect the whole arm of the chromosome and the associations between these different patterns and tumor type, other molecular markers and patient prognosis remain unclear. We analyzed microsatellite markers in a region spanning the chromosome from the telomere to the centromere, to characterize the pattern of 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity in 39 infiltrative gliomas, including astrocytomas, glioblastomas, oligoastrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. We then studied the association between loss of heterozygosity and the expression of p53 protein and Olig2, as analyzed using immunohistochemistry, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene amplification, as investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Finally, we assessed the influence of molecular markers on the overall survival of patients. We identified five different 1p19q loss of heterozygosity patterns among the tumors studied and found that loss of heterozygosity over the whole 1p arm was associated with loss of heterozygosity over the whole 19q arm in 90% of cases. 1p19q whole loss was present in all the classical oligodendrogliomas, whereas other 1p19q loss patterns predominated in oligoastrocytomas. 1p19q whole loss was also significantly associated with Olig2 overexpression, but was never observed in tumors overexpressing p53 protein. We also found that, among patients with contrast-enhancing tumors, those with 1p19q whole loss tended to survive for longer. In combination with classical histological and immunohistochemical data, 1p19q status determination provides pertinent information useful for (1) discriminating between histological types of gliomas and (2) identifying a subgroup of tumors that are associated with a better prognosis

Identification of a novel translocation producing an in-frame fusion of TAF15 and ETV4 in a case of extraosseous Ewing sarcoma revealed in the prenatal period

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant round cell sarcoma, characterized by gene fusion involving FET (FUS, EWSR1, TAF15) and ETS family genes, respectively. The involvement of the EWSR1 gene has been reported in approximately 90% of cases of ES, with the EWSR1::FLI1 fusion being the most frequent. We report the case of a newborn with a localized soft tissue paravertebral neoplasm diagnosed prenatally. Histopathology and immunophenotype were consistent with a CD99 + , NKX2.2 + undifferentiated round cell sarcoma (URSC); whole-exome RNA-sequencing demonstrated an undescribed in-frame TAF15::ETV4 fusion transcript, while consensus clustering analysis showed high transcriptomic proximity to the ES group. Given clinical context, high tumor chemosensitivity to ES conventional drugs, morphological characteristics, nature of the fusion partners involved, and high transcriptomic proximity to bona fide ESs, this case may represent a new genetic variant of ES

mRNA levels of enzymes and receptors implicated in arachidonic acid metabolism in gliomas.

International audienceBACKGROUND: Gliomas are tumors of the central nervous system derived from glial cells. They show cellular heterogeneity and lack specific diagnostic markers. Although a possible role for the eicosanoid cascade has been suggested in glioma tumorigenesis, the relationship between enzymes and receptors implicated in arachidonic acid metabolism, with histological tumor type has not yet been determined. DESIGN AND METHODS: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure and compare transcript levels of enzymes and receptors implicated in both lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways between oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas, glioblastomas and mixed oligoastrocytomas. RESULTS: Arachidonic acid metabolism-related enzymes and receptor transcripts (i) were underexpressed in classical oligodendrogliomas compared to astrocytomas and/or glioblastomas, (ii) differed between astrocytomas and glioblastomas and (iii) had an intermediate expression in mixed oligoastrocytomas. CONCLUSIONS: mRNA levels of enzymes and receptors implicated both in lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways differed significantly in gliomas according to the histological type

Uterine sarcomas and rare uterine mesenchymal tumors with malignant potential. Diagnostic guidelines of the French Sarcoma Group and the Rare Gynecological Tumors Group

International audienc