55 research outputs found
Sex-related effects in major depressive disorder: Results of the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression
Background: Sex-related effects on the evolution and phenotype of major depressive disorder (MDD) were reported previously. Methods: This European multicenter cross-sectional study compared sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment patterns between males and females in a real-world sample of 1410 in- and outpatients with current MDD. Results: Male MDD patients (33.1%) were rather inpatients, suffered from moderate to high suicidality levels, received noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (ADs) as first-line AD treatment, generally higher mean AD daily doses, and showed a trend towards a more frequent administration of add-on treatments. Female MDD patients (66.9%) were rather outpatients, experienced lower suicidality levels, comorbid thyroid dysfunction, migraine, asthma, and a trend towards earlier disease onset. Conclusions: The identified divergencies may contribute to the concept of male and female depressive syndromes and serve as predictors of disease severity and course, as they reflect phenomena that were repeatedly related to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Especially the greater necessity of inpatient treatment and more complex psychopharmacotherapy in men may reflect increased therapeutic efforts undertaken to treat suicidality and to avoid TRD. Hence, considering sex may guide the diagnostic and treatment processes towards targeting challenging clinical manifestations including comorbidities and suicidality, and prevention of TRD and chronicity
New data on OZI rule violation in bar{p}p annihilation at rest
The results of a measurement of the ratio R = Y(phi pi+ pi-) / Y(omega pi+
pi-) for antiproton annihilation at rest in a gaseous and in a liquid hydrogen
target are presented. It was found that the value of this ratio increases with
the decreasing of the dipion mass, which demonstrates the difference in the phi
and omega production mechanisms. An indication on the momentum transfer
dependence of the apparent OZI rule violation for phi production from the 3S1
initial state was found.Comment: 11 pages, 3 PostScript figures, submitted to Physics Letter
Rho-Omega Mixing and the Pion Form Factor in the Time-like Region
We determine the magnitude, phase, and -dependence of -
``mixing'' in the pion form factor in the time-like region through fits to
e^+e^- \ra \pi^+ \pi^- data. The associated systematic errors in these
quantities, arising from the functional form used to fit the resonance,
are small. The systematic errors in the mass and width, however, are
larger than previously estimated.Comment: 20 pages, REVTeX, epsfig, 2 ps figures, minor change
Study of the process in the energy region below 0.98 GeV
The cross section of the process was measured in
the Spherical Neutral Detector (SND) experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the
energy region below 980 MeV. This measurement was based on about
selected events. The obtained cross section was analyzed
together with the SND and DM2 data in the energy region up to 2
GeV. The -meson parameters: MeV,
MeV and nb were obtained. It was found that the experimental data cannot be
described by a sum of only , , and
resonances contributions. This can be interpreted as a
manifestation of decay, suppressed by -parity, with relative
probability .Comment: 41 pages REVTEX and 34 figure
Proton-Antiproton Annihilation and Meson Spectroscopy with the Crystal Barrel
This report reviews the achievements of the Crystal Barrel experiment at the
Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) at CERN. During seven years of operation
Crystal Barrel has collected very large statistical samples in pbarp
annihilation, especially at rest and with emphasis on final states with high
neutral multiplicity. The measured rates for annihilation into various two-body
channels and for electromagnetic processes have been used to test simple models
for the annihilation mechanism based on the quark internal structure of
hadrons. From three-body annihilations three scalar mesons, a0(1450), f0(1370)
and f0(1500) have been established in various decay modes. One of them,
f0(1500), may be identified with the expected ground state scalar glueball.Comment: 64 pages, LATEX file, 36 figures are available as ps files at
http://afuz01.cern.ch/claude/ Submitted to Reviews of Modern Physic
Light Meson Spectroscopy
We survey the current status of light meson spectroscopy. We begin with a
general introduction to meson spectroscopy and and its importance in
understanding the physical states of Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD).
Phemenological models of hadron spectroscopy are described with particular
emphasis on the constituent quark model and the qualitative features it
predicts for the meson spectrum. We next discuss expectations for hadrons lying
outside the quark model, such as hadron states with excited gluonic degrees of
freedom. These states include so-called hybrids glueballs}, as well as
multiquark states. The established meson states are compared to the quark model
predictions and we find that most meson states are well described by the quark
model. However, a number of states in the light-quark sector do not fit in
well, suggesting the existence of hadronic states with additional degrees of
freedom. We end with a brief description of future directions in meson
spectroscopy.Comment: 111 pages with 28 imbedded figures, in LaTeX2e with no special
macros. Submitted to Reviews of Modern Physics, Nov.12, 199
Real-world characteristics of European patients receiving SNRIs as first-line treatment for major depressive disorder.
BACKGROUND: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most frequently prescribed antidepressants (ADs) for major depressive disorder (MDD), with an increasing trend in the last decade. Given the relative dearth of information regarding rationales for their preferred use as first-line ADs in the broad clinical routine, the present study systematically investigated real-world characteristics of MDD patients prescribed either SNRIs or other AD substances across different countries and treatment settings. METHODS: In the present secondary analyses based on a large European, multi-site, naturalistic and cross-sectional investigation with a retrospective assessment of treatment outcome, we firstly defined the proportion of MDD patients receiving SNRIs as first-line AD psychopharmacotherapy and secondly compared their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics to those patients prescribed alternative first-line ADs during their current major depressive episode (MDE). RESULTS: Within the total sample of 1410 MDD patients, 336 (23.8 %) received first-line SNRIs. Compared to other ADs, SNRIs were significantly associated with inpatient care, suicidality and treatment resistance during the current MDE, and a longer lifetime duration of psychiatric hospitalizations. Moreover, greater severity of depressive symptoms at study entry, higher daily doses of the administered ADs, as well as more frequent prescriptions of psychopharmacotherapeutic add-on strategies in general and antipsychotic augmentation in particular, were significantly related to first-line SNRIs. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limitations of a cross-sectional and retrospective study design, our data point towards a preferred use of first-line SNRIs in a generally more severely ill MDD patients, although they did not lead to superior treatment outcomes compared to alternative ADs
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