microRNA-144/451 decreases dendritic cell bioactivity via targeting interferon-regulatory factor 5 to limit DSS-induced colitis

The microRNAs miR-144/451 are highly conserved miRNA that is strongly induced during erythropoiesis. Despite the biological functions of miR-144/451 have been extensively studied in erythropoiesis and tumorigenesis, few studies have been conducted in immune responses. In this study, we showed that miR-144/451-/- DCs exhibit increased activation. Mechanistically, the miR-144 directly targets the 3`-UTR of IRF5 and represses the expression of IRF5 in DCs. Ectopic expression of miR-144/451 by lentiviruses downregulates the levels of IRF5 and suppresses DCs function. In addition, knockdown of IRF5 by shRNA significantly inhibits activities of the miR-144/451-/- DCs. Expression of miR144/451 was decreased in DCs from both patients with IBD and mice with DSS-colitis compared with controls. Human PBMC derived DCs were downregulated expression of miR144/451 after LPS stimulation. In the DSS-induced colitis mice model, we showed that ablation of the miR-144/451 gene causes severe colitis, and their DCs from both periphery and MLN expressed higher co-stimulatory molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines than wild-type mice. In addition, DCs isolated from miR-144/451-/- mice transfusion exacerbates mice colitis. In the bone marrow transplanted chimeric mice model, we show that miR-144/451-/- bone marrow transplantation deteriorated DSS-induced colitis. At last, we treat the mice with miR-144/451 delivered by chitosan nanoparticles revealing protective effects in DSS-induced colitis mice. Thus, our results reveal a novel miR144/451-IRF5 pathway in DCs that protects experimental colitis. The manipulation of miR-144/451 expression and DCs activation in IBD patients may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases

Effect and safety of combined Gegen Qinlian decoction/metformin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in patients, and its influence on serum C peptide and glycosylated hemoglobin

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined Gegen Qinlian decoction /metformin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), and its influence on serum C peptide and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc).Methods: One hundred and eighty-six DM patients who received treatment in Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan City, China from July 2018 to November 2019 were randomly assigned to group X (n = 93) and group Y (n = 93). Group Y was given metformin, while X received a combination of Gegen Qinlian decoction and metformin. Total effectiveness, incidence of adverse reactions, blood glucose, TCM syndrome scores, as well as serum C peptide and HbAlc were determined and compared between the two groups.Results: Compared with group Y, group X had significantly higher treatment effectiveness (p < 0.05), lower incidence of adverse reactions (p < 0.05), significantly lower levels of blood glucose and TCM syndrome score after treatment (p < 0.001), but significantly higher serum C-peptide levels (p < 0.001) and lower levels of HbAlc.Conclusion: the combination of Gegen Qinlian decoction and metformin produces a good anti-diabetic efficacy, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions in patients. Therefore, the combined therapy has potentials for application in clinical practice, but further clinical trials are required

Thinking on the technology of Electronic Engineering Automation

The main characteristic of computer automation technology is its computer function. Then it is combined with computer aided design, computer aided manufacturing, computer aided manufacturing and so on, so as to form today's electronic computer. It combines computer information technology, circuit theory, information analysis and so on, so as to enhance the performance and efficiency of the computer. This article mainly analyzes the present situation of electronic engineering automation technology, discusses the importance of electronic engineering automation technology, and its application field and the future development prospect, so as to initiate some related thinking and put forward some personal suggestions. For your reference

Characteristics of multicystic biliary hamartoma: A case report

IntroductionMulticystic biliary hamartoma (MCBH) is a very rare hepatic benign neoplasm that manifests as a localized cystic-solid mass. Only 17 cases have been described in the literature to date. MCBH diagnosis is currently dependent on imaging and pathology following surgical resection and no precise standards are in place.Case PresentationThis case study involves a middle-aged male patient with a history of drinking but no other liver diseases. A routine ultrasound examination showed a 6.0 × 5.5 cm inhomogeneous echo mass in the right lobe of the liver. The patient experienced no discomfort or other symptoms, and blood tests were normal. Imaging revealed a localized cystic-solid neoplasm in segment 6 of the liver that did not have the features of a malignant tumor. Surgical resection was performed. Based on imaging, macroscopic examination, and histological results, a final diagnosis of MCBH was made.ConclusionThe imaging and pathological features of MCBH were summarized based on the published case reports to date. As a non-invasive examination, the imaging features will aid in the diagnosis of MCBH. Furthermore, these features, along with tumor size and patient symptoms, will facilitate clinicians in selecting surgical resection or follow-up for individual patients

Short‐term semaglutide treatment improves FGF21 responsiveness in primary hepatocytes isolated from high fat diet challenged mice

Abstract Metabolic functions of GLP‐1 and its analogues have been extensively investigated. In addition to acting as an incretin and reducing body weight, we and others have suggested the existence of GLP‐1/fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) axis in which liver mediates certain functions of GLP‐1 receptor agonists. In a more recent study, we found with surprise that four‐week treatment with liraglutide but not semaglutide stimulated hepatic FGF21 expression in HFD‐challenged mice. We wondered whether semaglutide can also improve FGF21 sensitivity or responsiveness and hence triggers the feedback loop in attenuating its stimulation on hepatic FGF21 expression after a long‐term treatment. Here, we assessed effect of daily semaglutide treatment in HFD‐fed mice for 7 days. HFD challenge attenuated effect of FGF21 treatment on its downstream events in mouse primary hepatocytes, which can be restored by 7‐day semaglutide treatment. In mouse liver, 7‐day semaglutide treatment stimulated FGF21 as well as genes that encode its receptor (FGFR1) and the obligatory co‐receptor (KLB), and a battery of genes that are involved in lipid homeostasis. In epididymal fat tissue, expressions of a battery genes including Klb affected by HFD challenge were reversed by 7‐day semaglutide treatment. We suggest that semaglutide treatment improves FGF21 sensitivity which is attenuated by HFD challenge

The Peripheral Blood Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Superior to the Lymphocyte-To-Monocyte Ratio for Predicting the Long-Term Survival of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients.

The peripheral hematologic parameters of patients can be prognostic for many malignant tumors, including breast cancer, although their value has not been investigated among the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.A retrospective cohort of 1570 operable breast cancer patients was recruited between January 2000 and December 2010. The counts of peripheral neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets were collected and applied to calculate the NLR and the LMR. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the relationship of the NLR and the LMR with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in all patients and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.Univariate analysis revealed that lower NLR (≤2.0) and higher LMR (>4.8) were significantly associated with superior DFS in all patients (NLR, P = 0.005; LMR, P = 0.041) and in TNBC patients (NLR, p = 0.007; LMR, P = 0.011). However, multivariate analysis revealed that only lower NLR was a significant independent predictor of superior DFS and OS in all breast cancer patients (DFS, HR = 1.50 95% CI: 1.14-1.97, P = 0.004; OS, HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.07-2.49, P = 0.022) and in TNBC patients (DFS, HR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.23-5.42, P = 0.012; OS, HR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.08-8.61, P = 0.035). Both univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that neither the NLR nor the LMR significantly predicted DFS and OS among the patients with other molecular subtypes of breast cancer.A higher pretreatment peripheral NLR significantly and independently indicated a poor prognosis for breast cancer and TNBC, and this measurement exhibited greater prognostic value than a lower LMR. The NLR was not a prognostic factor for other breast cancer subtypes

Glutathion s transferase π indicates chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer

Background. Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease of women. Pathologic response of breast cancer to chemotherapy has a great prognostic importance. Glutathion S Transferases (GSTs) might detoxify chemotherapeutic drugs within the cancer cells, thus contributing to chemotherapy resistance. The pi isoenzyme of GSTs seems to be of great relevance. Thus, we hypothesized that GSTpi expression in cancer biopsy can be a prognostic indicator for resistance to chemotherapy. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated before and after chemotherapy, tumor size, apoptosis of tumor cells with TUNEL assay, and proliferation of tumor cells by determining PCNA expression in biopsy samples, or in the surgically removed tumor tissue of GSTpi (-), and GSTpi (+) cases. Materials and methods. GSTpi immunoreactivity was determined in 42 female patients with breast cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to the expression of GSTpi in the pre-treatment biopsy specimen: W (n = 22) and (n = 20) samples were analyzed. Surgery was performed 2 weeks after a single intravenous injection of the chemotherapeutic drugs [5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin (FAM protocol)]. Results. Pre-chemotherapy values of tumor size, apoptosis, or proliferation did not differ between GSTpi (-) and (+) samples. Chemotherapy significantly inhibited tumor growth, and cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis in GSTpi (-) cases. However, these effects were significantly reduced in GSTpi (+) patients. Conclusion. These results suggest, that the presence of GSTpi in breast cancer tissue is a bad prognostic indicator, and these tumors are largely resistant to chemotherapy. Thus, GSTpi might be important in inactivating one or more of the chemotherapeutic agents used in this treatment. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved