Tensor network and (pp-adic) AdS/CFT

We use the tensor network living on the Bruhat-Tits tree to give a concrete realization of the recently proposed $p$-adic AdS/CFT correspondence (a holographic duality based on the $p$-adic number field $\mathbb{Q}_p$). Instead of assuming the $p$-adic AdS/CFT correspondence, we show how important features of AdS/CFT such as the bulk operator reconstruction and the holographic computation of boundary correlators are automatically implemented in this tensor network.Comment: 59 pages, 18 figures; v3: improved presentation, added figures and reference

Safe use of chlorpyrifos for insect pest management in leaf mustard (Brassica juncea (L) Coss.)

Leaf or Chinese mustard (Brassica juncea L. Coss.) is one of the main vegetables consumed in Malaysia. Farmers widely use chlorpyrifos as active ingredients for insect pest control in leaf mustard crops, and repeated applications are a common practice. Thus, studies are needed to determine residue levels with respect to time or frequency of application to ensure residue levels at harvest are below the international MRL. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the share farm in Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus to study leaf residue levels of the insecticide chlorpyrifos used to control insect pests in leaf mustard (Brassica juncea L. Coss.). There were three treatments including an untreated control in four replicates. Chlorpyrifos was applied at 0.46, 0.92 kg a.i./ha at 3 weeks after sowing. Leaf samples for residue analysis were harvested at 8, 14 and 20 days after treatment. Chlorpyrifos residue levels in the leaf samples were determined by HPLC (JASCO LC-2000 plus series), fitted with an Inertsil ODS-3 (5 µm, 4 mm×50 mm length) column with PDA-wavelength detector. Insect damage assessment was determined at 13 and 18 days after treatment to evaluate effectiveness of the treatments. Insect damage was significantly higher in the control compared to insecticide treatments. Chlorpyrifos residue was not detected in all leaf samples at 8, 14 and 20 days after treatment. This suggests that a single application of chlorpyrifos at 3 weeks after planting did not pose any residue problems in leaves harvested after 4 weeks from planting, and thus were safe for consumption

Rdzeniowy zespół twarzowo-palcowy: częsty zespół w nietypowej lokalizacji

Background and purpose Cheiro-oral syndrome (COS) is an established neurological entity characterized by a sensory impairment confined to the mouth angle and ipsilateral finger(s)/ hand. The current understanding of localization is a concomitant involvement of the spinothalamic and trigeminothalamic tract between the cortex and pons. The cervical spinal cord has not been mentioned in this situation yet, and this unusual location may heretofore increase the risk of misdiagnosis. Material and methods Six patients who presented with unilateral COS due to cervical cord disorder are reported. Results All patients were women and their age ranged between 42 and 70 years. Their neurological deficits included unilateral paraesthesiae restricted to cheiro-oral distribution, positive radicular sign, and mild change of tendon reflex. Cervical spinal stenosis at middle/lower cervical spine with variable magnitude of cord compression and intrinsic cord damage was found. A diagnostic dilemma obviously arises from the lack of tangible neurological signs or typical pattern of myelopathy, in addition to the previous concept of cerebral involvement. A benign course ensued in all reported patients. Conclusions Cheiro-oral syndrome can be an early neurological sign for cervical cord disorder; it further suggests that it is a strong neurological but weak localizing sign. A reciprocal influence of multiple factors is considered to generate COS at the cervical cord. Therefore, an absence of brain pathology should lead to a thorough examination of the cervical cord in case of COS.Wstęp i cel pracy Zespół twarzowo-palcowy (ZTP) jest znanym zespołem neurologicznym, który cechuje się niedoczulicą ograniczoną do kącika ust i palców ręki lub ręki po tej samej stronie. Bieżący stan wiedzy dotyczący lokalizacji uszkodzenia w tym zespole wskazuje na jednoczesne zajęcie dróg rdzeniowo-wzgórzowej i trójdzielno-wzgórzowej pomiędzy mostem i korą mózgową. W tym kontekście nie wymieniano dotąd uszkodzenia rdzenia kręgowego w odcinku szyjnym, a taka nietypowa lokalizacja uszkodzenia może zwiększyć ryzyko błędnego rozpoznania miejsca uszkodzenia. Materiał i metody W pracy przedstawiono dane dotyczące 6 pacjentek z jednostronnym ZTP spowodowanym występowaniem nieprawidłowości w obrębie rdzenia kręgowego. Wyniki Zakres wieku pacjentek wynosił od 42 do 70 lat. Objawy neurologiczne obejmowały jednostronne parestezje ograniczone do obszaru twarzy i ręki, objaw korzeniowy i niewielkie nieprawidłowości w zakresie odruchów głębokich. Stwierdzono występowanie zwężenia kanału kręgowego w środkowej lub dolnej części odcinka szyjnego z uciskiem rdzenia kręgowego i uszkodzeniem wewnątrz rdzenia kręgowego. Wątpliwości diagnostyczne wynikały z braku typowych objawów neurologicznych mielopatii i stwierdzenia lokalizacji zmian nieodpowiadającej wcześniejszym opiniom na temat mózgowego pochodzenia zespołu. U wszystkich opisywanych pacjentek przebieg schorzenia był łagodny. Wnioski Zespół twarzowo-palcowy może być wczesnym objawem neurologicznym nieprawidłowości w obrębie rdzenia kręgowego. Stanowi istotny objaw neurologiczny, ale jego wartość lokalizacyjna jest niewielka. Powstawanie ZTP wskutek uszkodzenia rdzenia kręgowego wynika z wzajemnych oddziaływań wielu czynników. W razie braku uchwytnej patologii mózgu należy w przypadkach ZTP przeprowadzić szczegółowe badania rdzenia kręgowego w odcinku szyjnym

Validating the Efficacy of an Established Micropropagation Protocol for Commercial Propagation of Neolamarckia cadamba

Background and Objective: Micropropagation is an efficient technique for mass-producing superior clones used in establishing planted forests. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reports on the effectiveness and reliability of the established micropropagation protocol for Neolamarckia cadamba. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the established micropropagation protocol for mass propagating true-to-type N. cadamba clones. Materials and Methods: Two selected candidates plus trees of N. cadamba were cultured in B5 media supplemented with 0.8 mg L–1 BAP for shoot multiplication and in ½ B5 media supplemented with 0.1 mg L–1 PBZ for root regeneration. The growth performance, the presence of phytopathogens and morphological differences were investigated. The collected data were subjected to a two-tailed t-test (p<0.05). Results: The results showed no significant variation (p<0.05) in the number of shoots regenerated from each explant compared to the reference clone N5 (B39 = 4.6, B42 = 4.3 and N5 = 4.8). Moreover, the rooting patterns of the investigated clones (B39 = 14.5 and B42 = 9.4) significantly outperformed clone N5 (6.9), with over 90% successful root regeneration. Phytopathogen analysis using ERIC-PCR assay confirmed that the in vitro regenerants were free of any phytopathogens. Additionally, histological examination revealed no significant differences between the stock plants and in vitro regenerants. Conclusion: This study successfully ascertained the effectiveness and reliability of the established micropropagation protocol for mass propagating true-to-type N. cadamba clones

Assessment of Arteriovenous Shunt Pathway Function and Hypervolemia for Hemodialysis Patients by Using Integrated Rapid Screening System

Currently, the hemodialysis patients received body weight measurement by themselves, vital sign checking by nursing staffs before dialysis. Whenever, the arteriovenous routes with problems doubted, the patients needed to be referred to surgeon for vascular echography checking and then to be corrected. How to integrate these three tasks in one time is a very important issue. The project proposes to combine our previous study of audio-phono angiographic technology in detecting vascular stenosis with rapid screening system to evaluate dialysis patients’ arteriovenous routes function and their status of excess body fluids: inspecting and integrating the blood pressure, body weight, and fistula function work into a rapid screening system, and using the quantization of fistula phono angiography pitch to achieve assessing arteriovenous routes. Future hoping is developed a complete integrated intelligence system by combining the arteriovenous fistula signal processing with feature extraction with wireless sensor network technology

Note on a Single-Machine Scheduling Problem with Sum of Processing Times Based Learning and Ready Times

In the recent 20 years, scheduling with learning effect has received considerable attention. However, considering the learning effect along with release time is limited. In light of these observations, in this paper, we investigate a single-machine problem with sum of processing times based learning and ready times where the objective is to minimize the makespan. For solving this problem, we build a branch-and-bound algorithm and a heuristic algorithm for the optimal solution and near-optimal solution, respectively. The computational experiments indicate that the branch-and-bound algorithm can perform well the problem instances up to 24 jobs in terms of CPU time and node numbers, and the average error percentage of the proposed heuristic algorithm is less than 0.5%

Cytogenetic, chromosome count optimization and automation of Neolamarckia cadamba (Rubiaceae) root tips derived from in vitro mutagenesis

Chromosome count is the only direct way to determine the number of chromosomes of a species. This study is often considered trivial that seldom described and discussed in detail. Therefore, it is inevitable that the chromosome count protocol should be revised and revisited before it becomes obliterated. In the present study, we encountered challenges in obtaining a clear micrograph for the chromosome count of active mitotic cells of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Rubiaceae) root tips. Several obstacles were determined through micrograph observation, such as existing unwanted particles in cells, poor chromosome staining and chromosome clumping. To overcome these, root tip types, staining methodologies, squashing methods were among the factors assessed to obtain clear micrographs. The chromosome counts of N. cadamba under optimized procedure showed 2n = 44 chromosomes. We also apply digital technology in chromosome counts, such as online databases and graphic software that are open source and freely accessible to the public. Only basic laboratory equipment and chemicals were used throughout the study, thus making this study economical and applicable in a basic laboratory. The availability of online digital software and databases provide open-source platforms that will ease the efforts in chromosome count