Supporting University Students with Mental Health Issues: A Needs Assessment

This study was conducted to obtain an understanding of the post-secondary educational experiences of students with mental health issues (MHI’s) at Wilfrid Laurier University (WLU), to examine the needs of these students, to identify specific types of supports and accommodations available to these students, and to determine how improvements could be made by removing any identified barriers and putting in their place needed supports and accommodations. Study components included forming an advisory committee, administering a needs assessment questionnaire to WLU students (n = 78) and a campus service assessment tool to service managers (n = 3), and conducting individual and focus group interviews with various stakeholders (namely, students with MHI’s [n = 11], managers [n = 5] and service providers from the Accessible Learning Centre (ALC) [n = 10], Counselling Services [n = 4], and faculty [n = 3]). Qualitative and quantitative data revealed that students with MHI’s attending WLU face many barriers in the attainment of a post-secondary degree. An analysis of available supports revealed a lack of disability-specific supports provided by the ALC, Counselling Services, and Health Services, specifically for students with MHI’s. With regard to campus-based support utilization, the three services most frequented by students with MHI’s for their mental health needs were the ALC, Counselling Services, and Health Services. Students were satisfied with a number of services provided by the ALC for the most part. However results showed that students with MHI’s need specialized supports, like peer support groups, that extend beyond simply instrumental supports (e.g., that which the ALC currently offers). A number of recommendations were provided by participants, which was used to create an action plan for use by WLU to address barriers revealed by this study’s findings

From bench to bountiful harvests : a road map for the next decade of Arabidopsis research

In the face of an increasing world population and climate instability, the demands for food and fuel will continue to rise. Plant science will be crucial to help meet these exponentially increasing requirements for food and fuel supplies. Fundamental plant research will play a major role in providing key advances in our understanding of basic plant processes that can then flow into practical advances through knowledge sharing and collaborations. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has played a major role in our understanding of plant biology, and the Arabidopsis community has developed many tools and resources to continue building on this knowledge. Drawing from previous experience of internationally coordinated projects, The international Arabidopsis community, represented by the Multinational Arabidopsis Steering Committee (MASC), has drawn up a road map for the next decade of Arabidopsis research to inform scientists and decision makers on the future foci of Arabidopsis research within the wider plant science landscape. This article provides a summary of the MASC road map

Combining metal oxide affinity chromatography (MOAC) and selective mass spectrometry for robust identification of in vivo protein phosphorylation sites

BACKGROUND: Protein phosphorylation is accepted as a major regulatory pathway in plants. More than 1000 protein kinases are predicted in the Arabidopsis proteome, however, only a few studies look systematically for in vivo protein phosphorylation sites. Owing to the low stoichiometry and low abundance of phosphorylated proteins, phosphorylation site identification using mass spectrometry imposes difficulties. Moreover, the often observed poor quality of mass spectra derived from phosphopeptides results frequently in uncertain database hits. Thus, several lines of evidence have to be combined for a precise phosphorylation site identification strategy. RESULTS: Here, a strategy is presented that combines enrichment of phosphoproteins using a technique termed metaloxide affinity chromatography (MOAC) and selective ion trap mass spectrometry. The complete approach involves (i) enrichment of proteins with low phosphorylation stoichiometry out of complex mixtures using MOAC, (ii) gel separation and detection of phosphorylation using specific fluorescence staining (confirmation of enrichment), (iii) identification of phosphoprotein candidates out of the SDS-PAGE using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and (iv) identification of phosphorylation sites of these enriched proteins using automatic detection of H(3)PO(4 )neutral loss peaks and data-dependent MS(3)-fragmentation of the corresponding MS(2)-fragment. The utility of this approach is demonstrated by the identification of phosphorylation sites in Arabidopsis thaliana seed proteins. Regulatory importance of the identified sites is indicated by conservation of the detected sites in gene families such as ribosomal proteins and sterol dehydrogenases. To demonstrate further the wide applicability of MOAC, phosphoproteins were enriched from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell cultures. CONCLUSION: A novel phosphoprotein enrichment procedure MOAC was applied to seed proteins of A. thaliana and to proteins extracted from C. reinhardtii. Thus, the method can easily be adapted to suit the sample of interest since it is inexpensive and the components needed are widely available. Reproducibility of the approach was tested by monitoring phosphorylation sites on specific proteins from seeds and C. reinhardtii in duplicate experiments. The whole process is proposed as a strategy adaptable to other plant tissues providing high confidence in the identification of phosphoproteins and their corresponding phosphorylation sites

Dunes of the Toruń Basin against palaeogeographical conditions of the Late Glacial and Holocene

Dunes are generally found in Poland either along the seacoast or inland, mainly in river valleys and on glaciofluvial outwash fans. The position of the dune fields of the Toruń Basin is unique also due to the fact that it is dominated by large dune forms, while the western part of the European sand belt is dominated by aeolian coversands. Dunes in the Toruń Basin are found on all terraces and make up vast clusters (complexes). W. Mrózek (1958) delimited there six dune fields. The dunes located in the Toruń Basin take the shape of crescent (parabolic) forms, simple ramparts (longitudinal and transversal) and irregular hilly forms. Additionally, there are numerous vast and plain areas covered with aeolian sand up to 4-5 m deep, which contain scattered irregular low dunes. The dunes of the Toruń Basin are mainly built of fine-grained and medium-grained sands which come from the local substratum of fluvioglacial and river deposits. The results of the studies on aeolian deposits carried out in the in Europe indicate that the earliest aeolian series (Older Coversand I, van der Hammen 1971) were deposited as early as Late Pleniglacial. In Poland this series has not been recognized, although the river deposits of that age have a larger content of quartz grain abraded in aeolian environment (Kozarski 1990; Manikowska 1991; Goździk 1991). New research claims in the Toruń Basin that the dunes formed chifly in the Younger Dryas, but probably also in the Older Dryas and even in the Preboreal

COVRECON: Combining Genome-scale Metabolic Network Reconstruction and Data-driven Inverse Modeling to Reveal Changes in Metabolic Interaction Networks

One central goal of systems biology is to infer biochemical regulations from large-scale OMICS data. Many aspects of cellular physiology and organism phenotypes could be understood as a result of the metabolic interaction network dynamics. Previously, we have derived a mathematical method addressing this problem using metabolomics data for the inverse calculation of a biochemical Jacobian network. However, these algorithms for this inference are limited by two issues: they rely on structural network information that needs to be assembled manually, and they are numerically unstable due to ill-conditioned regression problems, which makes them inadequate for dealing with large-scale metabolic networks. In this work, we present a novel regression-loss based inverse Jacobian algorithm and related workflow COVRECON. It consists of two parts: a, Sim-Network and b, Inverse differential Jacobian evaluation. Sim-Network automatically generates an organism-specific enzyme and reaction dataset from Bigg and KEGG databases, which is then used to reconstruct the Jacobian's structure for a specific metabolomics dataset. Instead of directly solving a regression problem, the new inverse differential Jacobian part is based on a more robust approach and rates the biochemical interactions according to their relevance from large-scale metabolomics data. This approach is illustrated by in silico stochastic analysis with different-sized metabolic networks from the BioModels database. The advantages of COVRECON are that 1) it automatically reconstructs a data-driven superpathway metabolic interaction model; 2) more general network structures can be considered; 3) the new inverse algorithms improve stability, decrease computation time, and extend to large-scale modelsComment: non

TONSPUR 59 - Krakow to Venice in 12 Hours - 8-channel sound installation, 7-part series of posters plus clock / at TONSPUR Kunstverein Wien, Museumsquartier, Vienna 2013

The Installation premiered in July 2013 in TONSPUR Kunstverein Wien (Vienna), a public outdoor location. TONSPUR is curated sound project public platform, showcasing international and Austrian artists engaged in sound art, music and auditory research and practice. 4 projects each year are shown in the passage, which is part of Museumsquartie Vienna. Krakow to Venice in 12 hours ran each day for 3 months from 21st July 2013. 8 channel installation (12 hours audio) synced in real time from 8 am – 8 pm. Multichannel audio piece is design to change perspective on the architectural structure of the location where piece is presented. Noise pollution is a common concern in today’s architecture and urban planning but at the same time city soundscape is an integral part of the identity of the location. Urban sound gives us a point of orientation on a journey. The structure of a 12-hour clock forms the basis of the immersive multichannel sound installation. In this 12 hour-long composition, the times of the recordings are synchronous with the real time of the installation’s location. “Kraków to Venice in 12 hours” maps a journey across Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria and Slovenia to Italy, visiting Krakow, Katowice, Bielsko-Biala, Ostrava, Brno, Bratislava, Vienna, Graz, Maribor, Ljubljana, Trieste and Venice. The journey was undertaken on a railway connecting Eastern and Western Europe that was built during the reign of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The project attempts to captures the unique sonic identities of the 12 cities travelled through, searching for similarities and differences. It acts as a personal and subjective audio travel guide and a clock for the journey, mapping the movement through geographical locations over the passage of time. The artist captures the city with binaural microphones; two microphones are worn in her ears as she moves through the city giving a personal time space perspective of the city soundscape. The unobtrusive microphones also bring the artist passing snippets of unguarded conversations interwoven with the unique sonic footprint of the city. The language recorded on the streets, stations, town squares and cafes is an important element of the piece; marking the transition from one country to another, it serves as a spatial and temporal reference for the traveler in a borderless Schengen Europe. “50.06465,19.94498 to 45.441058,12.320845” (set of 6 prints) is a visual record of the artist’s movement through 12 urban locations where the field recordings took place for the “Kraków to Venice in 12 hours” project. The artist as an outsider is looking for key points within the urban space, but the city imposes its structure and creates a unique pattern for each of the drawings denoting the walks. The coloured dots on the map point to locations where the recordings took place on the hour. The printed record of latitude and longitude allows the viewer to discover exact locations where audio material was recorded. The project exists on line as an interactive platform, where the listener can move through geographical locations and time listening to the field recordings and compositions on chosen parts of the journey. www.krakowtovenicein12h.co

Quantitative Phosphoproteomic and System-Level Analysis of TOR Inhibition Unravel Distinct Organellar Acclimation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Rapamycin is an inhibitor of the evolutionary conserved Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase which promotes and coordinates translation with cell growth and division. In heterotrophic organisms, TOR regulation is based on intra- and extracellular stimuli such as amino acids level and insulin perception. However, how plant TOR pathways have evolved to integrate plastid endosymbiosis is a remaining question. Despite the close association of the TOR signaling with the coordination between protein turn-over and growth, proteome and phosphoproteome acclimation to a rapamycin treatment have not yet been thoroughly investigated in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this study, we have used in vivo label-free phospho-proteomic analysis to profile both protein and phosphorylation changes at 0, 24, and 48 h in Chlamydomonas cells treated with rapamycin. Using multivariate statistics we highlight the impact of TOR inhibition on both the proteome and the phosphoproteome. Two-way ANOVA distinguished differential levels of proteins and phosphoproteins in response either to culture duration and rapamycin treatment or combined effects. Finally, protein–protein interaction networks and functional enrichment analysis underlined the relation between plastid and mitochondrial metabolism. Prominent changes of proteins involved in sulfur, cysteine, and methionine as well as nucleotide metabolism on the one hand, and changes in the TCA cycle on the other highlight the interplay of chloroplast and mitochondria metabolism. Furthermore, TOR inhibition revealed changes in the endomembrane trafficking system. Phosphoproteomics data, on the other hand, highlighted specific differentially regulated phosphorylation sites for calcium-regulated protein kinases as well as ATG7, S6K, and PP2C. To conclude we provide a first combined Chlamydomonas proteomics and phosphoproteomics dataset in response to TOR inhibition, which will support further investigations

Morphology and surficial sediments of the Waldemar River confined outwash fan (Kaffiøyra, Svalbard)

The development and evolution of confined outwash fans in high Arctic regions depend on the rate of meltwater discharge which is directly related to the glacier ablation rate associated with climate conditions. Another factor controlling outwash fan morphology (e.g. distributive channels depth and width) are processes of fluvial erosion, transport and sediments deposition. All these factors have not previously been considered in relation to the evolution of confined outwash fans incised into the top of permafrost which commonly occur in the forefield of a subpolar glacier and mountains in the high Arctic regions. Morphology and surficial sediments of a confined outwash fan of the Waldemar River (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard) were analysed on the basis of geomorphological and sedimentological researches. Results of our investigations show multiple relations between the depth and width of distributary channels, fan slope and textural features of glaciofluvial surficial sediments supplied into the fluvial system from glacier and as a result of lateral fluvial erosion of permafrost

Cereal Crop Proteomics: Systemic Analysis of Crop Drought Stress Responses Towards Marker-Assisted Selection Breeding

Sustainable crop production is the major challenge in the current global climate change scenario. Drought stress is one of the most critical abiotic factors which negatively impact crop productivity. In recent years, knowledge about molecular regulation has been generated to understand drought stress responses. For example, information obtained by transcriptome analysis has enhanced our knowledge and facilitated the identification of candidate genes which can be utilized for plant breeding. On the other hand, it becomes more and more evident that the translational and post-translational machinery plays a major role in stress adaptation, especially for immediate molecular processes during stress adaptation. Therefore, it is essential to measure protein levels and post-translational protein modifications to reveal information about stress inducible signal perception and transduction, translational activity and induced protein levels. This information cannot be revealed by genomic or transcriptomic analysis. Eventually, these processes will provide more direct insight into stress perception then genetic markers and might build a complementary basis for future marker-assisted selection of drought resistance. In this review, we survey the role of proteomic studies to illustrate their applications in crop stress adaptation analysis with respect to productivity. Cereal crops such as wheat, rice, maize, barley, sorghum and pearl millet are discussed in detail. We provide a comprehensive and comparative overview of all detected protein changes involved in drought stress in these crops and have summarized existing knowledge into a proposed scheme of drought response. Based on a recent proteome study of pearl millet under drought stress we compare our findings with wheat proteomes and another recent study which defined genetic marker in pearl millet

Integrative molecular profiling indicates a central role of transitory starch breakdown in establishing a stable C/N homeostasis during cold acclimation in two natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana

Figure S1. Comparison of metabolite levels between non-acclimated and acclimated plants. Ratios were built by dividing the absolute mean values of metabolite levels of Rsch by levels of Cvi, or by dividing absolute mean values of metabolites of acc by na plants. Asterisks indicate significant differences as described in the figure. Grey-coloured metabolites were not experimentally analysed. (TIF 1649 kb