The study of the charged top-pion decay processes

In the framework of top-color assisted technicolor(TC2) theory, we study the four decay processes of charged top-pion, i.e., $\Pi^{+}_{t}\to t\bar{b}$, $\Pi^{+}_{t}\to c\bar{b}$, $\Pi^{+}_{t}\to W^{+}\gamma$, $\Pi^{+}_{t}\to W^{+}Z^{0}$, the decay branching ratio of these modes are calculated. The results show that the main decay channels of charged top-pion are the tree level modes: $\Pi_t^+ \to t\bar{b}$ and $\Pi_t^+ \to c\bar{b}$. Light $\Pi_t^+$ is easier to be detected than heavy one at future coliders. So, the study provides us some useful information to search for charged top-pion.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

The sounds on the Silk Road from Xi'an to Urumqi. Soundscape, recording and exposition of the sound

[eng] The main objective of the doctoral thesis is to study the Soundscape in the Chinese route of the Silk Road based on the premises issued in 2003 by the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. In China, no application of this agreement has been used. The research proposed by the doctoral thesis is an important precedent in applying the guidelines concerning the study and preservation of intangible cultural heritage. The Silk Road represents the exchange and integration of Chinese and Western cultures, and its mysterious and remote atmosphere is fascinating. I have longed for the Silk Road since I was young. I was exposed to sound media art, soundscape maps, and sound sculpture research in the laboratory of Dr. Josep Cerda at the University of Barcelona. Finally, it presented the idea of applying sound media art to data analysis of the sound on the Silk Road and archival records. The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. UNESCO, at its 32nd meeting, held in Paris from September 29 to October 17, 2003. Approved the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Cultural Heritage Intangible, the intergovernmental agreement that Recognizes that communities, groups, and individuals play an important role in the production, safeguarding, maintenance, and recreation of intangible cultural heritage, thereby contributing to enriching cultural diversity and human creativity. It considers the importance of the Soundscape as an exponent of cultural diversity. The General objective of this doctoral dissertation is to apply the intangible cultural heritage protection formulated by UNESCO to "Using sound media art to record and protect the sound landscape of typical areas on the Silk Road." Through a literature review of Western sound research and the current sound landscape research status in China, China is currently conducting sound landscape research and research on a certain designated area. Quantitative analysis exists, but there is no study on "The sounds on the Silk Road from Xi'an to Urumqi." The Silk Road is a vast area and has many research limitations in terms of geography. This research uses ethnographic research as the main research methodology, and finally determines the research site in China from Xi'an to Urumqi in Six specific regions. In Chinese history, the Silk Road started from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, and ended in Xinjiang Province, the last region connecting China with Eurasia. I passed through the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province, the surround-ing areas of Mogao Grottoes in Gansu Province, and the surrounding regions of Qin- ghai Lake in Xining City Qinghai Province. As the gathering area of ethnic minorities in the southwest of China's Silk Road, Yunnan Province also includes this doctoral thesis research. Try to find the voices on the Silk Road that are most worthy of investigation and preservation, and conduct field investigations and quantitative analysis. The purpose of the research is to use a sound media library, soundscape map, and sound art museum display to reflect the ecological landscape environment of the Silk Road, the urban human environment, and the status quo of historical relics. Based on this, establish a sound landscape database. To form a digital map of the Soundscape, making it an important carrier for the protection and inheritance of the sound landscape on the Silk Road, as a basis for academic and theoretical research on protecting intangible cultural heritage on the Silk Road. The second objective of the research is to establish a sound media art laboratory and a sound documentation center in Shanghai Donghua University and Shanghai Arts & Design Academy, to supplement the current lack of sound media art as a research direction in design education in China. The third research goal is to apply future sound media art combined with big data artificial intelligence to serve society. Apply intelligent sound design as an essential means of exhibition and display and demonstrate in Chinese museums. In terms of research conclusions and social influence, this doctoral thesis puts forward for the first time "the application of sound media art to protect and inherit the soundscape of the Silk Road". First of all, a set of core methodology and research techniques in the research of this doctoral dissertation applied to the academic study of soundscape protection on the Silk Road. Due to the limitations of the research funding and time of the doctoral thesis, only investigate six important areas. I will not terminate this research because of the end of this paper. Researchers will continue to study some other sub-important regions of the Silk Road in China. This doctoral thesis will lay a theoretical foundation for China and the world to study the "Silk Road" soundscape research. Introduce the establishment method of sound media library into the design art education of Chinese colleges and universities. To make up for the lack of research in Chinese universities that specifically focus on sound art design instead of music theory research under art design research. The third is to create a sound media library and make an interactive multimedia map to be applied to the soundscape guide of the future cultural journey. Use digital media technology and sound media art principles to design a virtual interactive sound museum. Establish a complete set of sound expressions, protect and Inheriting the Soundscape of the Silk Road while driving the richness of cultural tourism in the southwest and northwest regions of China. The audience can understand the history and culture of the Silk Road through acoustic sensory experience in multiple dimensions.[spa] La finalidad de esta investigación es establecer un archivo sonoro de la Ruta de la Seda, en su recorrido en China, aplicando las directrices de la UNESCO, establecidas en la Convención para la Salvaguarda del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial, a partir de una metodología teorico-práctica de recogida de datos mediante grabaciones de campo y geolocalizadas mediante mapas sonoros. A lo largo de los 5 años de investigación, se ha podido constatar la transformación cultural de la zona de estudio debido a la irrupción de las nuevas tecnologías y la creciente industrialización, aspectos que constatan la necesidad de este tipo de investigaciones que hemos llevado a cabo, ya que los sonidos tradicionales del paisaje sonoro de la Ruta de la Seda están en vías de desaparición, por lo tanto es muy importante preservarlos para el futuro mediante la creación de un archivo sonoro.. En la investigación se han introducido elementos tecnológicos importantes, sobre todo en lo que hace referencia en la exposición de los sonidos del paisaje sonoro y en el diseño de un espacio expositivo interactivo especialmente diseñado para presentar estos sonidos y demás aspectos de la tradición cultural y artesana de la Ruta de la seda. Se ha partido de los estudios realizados por el investigador canadiense R. Murray-Schafer que se desarrollaron en la década de los años 70 del siglo pasado en la Universidad Simon Fraser de Canadá, y que han ido evolucionando hasta la actualidad por las aportaciones sucesivas de I. Westercamp y B. Truaux, que dieron como resultado el Word Sounscape Project, que es el origen del trabajo de investigación que hemos llevado a cabo. Toda la investigación se ha llevado a cabo en el mismo lugar de estudio de la Ruta de la Seda, en su tramo Chino. La gran mayoría de las grabaciones de campo y las imágenes fotográficas, así como las entrevistas y diseño expositivo han sido llevadas a cabo por la autora. Así mismo cabe remarcar que el estudio de las fuentes bibliográficas se han realizado en la mayoría de las veces a partir de libros y artículos redactados en el idioma mandarín, por lo que la accesibilidad a las fuentes primarias, hacen de esta tesis un trabajo de investigación muy importante

Formation and properties of the PEO coatings on aluminum-silicon alloys.

Plasma electrolytic oxidizing (PEO) of aluminium alloys is an advanced technique to deposit a thick and hard ceramic coating on a number of low Si content aluminium alloys. The rapid growth in the tribological applications of high Si cast Al-Si alloys has been motivating this study, i.e., development of a PEO coating with high wear resistance and low friction for high Si content cast Al-Si alloys. In this research, the effect of substrate materials (i.e., silicon contents, Chapter 4) and process parameters (Chapter 5) on the PEO coating formation, microstructure, and composition were investigated in details. An oxide/graphite composite coating with low friction and high wear resistance was particularly developed and studied (Chapter 6). Based on the observations of coating surface morphology change during the treatment, a coating growth model on the Si region was developed in Chapter 4. The PEO process had four stages where each stage was corresponding to different coating surface morphology, composition, and phase structure, characterized by different coating growth mechanisms. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2005 .W364. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 44-03, page: 1481. Thesis (M.A.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2005

New Zealand Building Project Cost and Its Influential Factors: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

Construction industry significantly contributes to New Zealand's economic development. However, the delivery of construction projects is usually plagued by cost overruns, which turn potentially successful projects into money-losing ventures, resulting in various other unexpected negative impacts. The objectives of the study were to identify, classify, and assess the impacts of the factors affecting project cost in New Zealand. The proposed research model was examined with structural equation modelling. Recognising the lack of a systematic approach for assessing the influencing factors associated with project cost, this study identified 30 influencing factors from various sources and quantified their relative impacts. The research data were gathered through a questionnaire survey circulated across New Zealand construction industry. A total of 283 responses were received, with a 37% response rate. A model was developed for testing the relationship between project cost and the influential factors. The proposed research model was examined with structural equation modelling (SEM). According to the results of the analysis, market and industry conditions factor has the most significant effect on project cost, while regulatory regime is the second-most significant influencing factor, followed by key stakeholders' perspectives. The findings can improve project cost performance through the identification and evaluation of the cost-influencing factors. The results of such analysis enable industry professionals to better understand cost-related risks in the complex environment

NAS-PINN: Neural architecture search-guided physics-informed neural network for solving PDEs

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) has been a prevalent framework for solving PDEs since proposed. By incorporating the physical information into the neural network through loss functions, it can predict solutions to PDEs in an unsupervised manner. However, the design of the neural network structure basically relies on prior knowledge and experience, which has caused great trouble and high computational overhead. Therefore, we propose a neural architecture search-guided method, namely NAS-PINN, to automatically search the optimum neural architecture for solving certain PDEs. By relaxing the search space into a continuous one and utilizing masks to realize the addition of tensors in different shapes, NAS-PINN can be trained through a bi-level optimization, where the inner loop optimizes the weights and bias of neural networks and the outer loop the architecture parameters. We verify the ability of NAS-PINN by several numerical experiments including Poisson, Burgers, and Advection equations. The characteristics of effective neural architectures for solving different PDEs are summarized, which can be used to guide the design of neural networks in PINN. It is found that more hidden layers do not necessarily mean better performance and sometimes can be harmful. Especially for Poisson and Advection, a shallow neural network with more neurons is more appropriate in PINNs. It is also indicated that for complex problems, neural networks with residual connection can improve the performance of PINNs.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, 5 table