262 research outputs found
Backward magnetostatic surface spin waves in exchange coupled Co/FeNi bilayers
Propagation of backward magnetostatic surface spin waves (SWs) in exchange
coupled Co/FeNi bilayers are studied by using Brillouin light scattering (BLS)
technique. Two types of SWs modes were identified in our BLS measurements. They
are magnetostatic surface waves (MSSWs) mode and perpendicular standing spin
waves (PSSWs) mode. The dispersion relations of MSSWs obtained from the Stokes
and Anti-Stokes measurements display respectively positive and negative group
velocities. The Anti-Stokes branch with positive phase velocities and negative
group velocities, known as backward magnetostatic surface mode originates from
the magnetostatic interaction of the bilayer. The experimental data are in good
agreement with the theoretical calculations. Our results are useful for
understanding the SWs propagation and miniaturizing SWs storage devices
On the variational principle and applications for a class of damped vibration systems with a small forcing term
This paper is dedicated to studying the existence of periodic solutions to a new class of forced damped vibration systems by the variational method. The advantage of this kind of system is that the coefficient of its second order term is a symmetric matrix valued function rather than the identity matrix previously studied. The variational principle of this problem is obtained by using two methods: the direct method of the calculus of variations and the semi-inverse method. New existence conditions of periodic solutions are created through several auxiliary functions so that two existence theorems of periodic solutions of the forced damped vibration systems are obtained by using the least action principle and the saddle point theorem in the critical point theory. Our results improve and extend many previously known results
Towards Robust Visual Information Extraction in Real World: New Dataset and Novel Solution
Visual information extraction (VIE) has attracted considerable attention
recently owing to its various advanced applications such as document
understanding, automatic marking and intelligent education. Most existing works
decoupled this problem into several independent sub-tasks of text spotting
(text detection and recognition) and information extraction, which completely
ignored the high correlation among them during optimization. In this paper, we
propose a robust visual information extraction system (VIES) towards real-world
scenarios, which is a unified end-to-end trainable framework for simultaneous
text detection, recognition and information extraction by taking a single
document image as input and outputting the structured information.
Specifically, the information extraction branch collects abundant visual and
semantic representations from text spotting for multimodal feature fusion and
conversely, provides higher-level semantic clues to contribute to the
optimization of text spotting. Moreover, regarding the shortage of public
benchmarks, we construct a fully-annotated dataset called EPHOIE
(https://github.com/HCIILAB/EPHOIE), which is the first Chinese benchmark for
both text spotting and visual information extraction. EPHOIE consists of 1,494
images of examination paper head with complex layouts and background, including
a total of 15,771 Chinese handwritten or printed text instances. Compared with
the state-of-the-art methods, our VIES shows significant superior performance
on the EPHOIE dataset and achieves a 9.01% F-score gain on the widely used
SROIE dataset under the end-to-end scenario.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in AAAI 202
Bulletin (1942-1943)
https://red.mnstate.edu/bulletins/1023/thumbnail.jp
Current understanding of osteoarthritis pathogenesis and relevant new approaches
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes painful swelling and permanent damage to the joints in the body. The molecular mechanisms of OA are currently unknown. OA is a heterogeneous disease that affects the entire joint, and multiple tissues are altered during OA development. To better understand the pathological mechanisms of OA, new approaches, methods, and techniques need to be used to understand OA pathogenesis. In this review, we first focus on the epigenetic regulation of OA, with a particular focus on DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA regulation, followed by a summary of several key mediators in OA-associated pain. We then introduce several innovative techniques that have been and will continue to be used in the fields of OA and OA-associated pain, such as CRISPR, scRNA sequencing, and lineage tracing. Next, we discuss the timely updates concerning cell death regulation in OA pathology, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, as well as their individual roles in OA and potential molecular targets in treating OA. Finally, our review highlights new directions on the role of the synovial lymphatic system in OA. An improved understanding of OA pathogenesis will aid in the development of more specific and effective therapeutic interventions for OA
Environmental incidents in China:Lessons from 2006 to 2015
Environmental incidents are among the most significant environmental challenges in China. Hundreds of environmental incidents occur every year, endangering human health and ecosystems. In this paper, we conducted an analytical study of environmental incidents from 2006 to 2015 in China. We first examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of the total 5213 incidents based on the statistical data collected from the China Statistical Yearbook on Environment. We then examined the characteristics of the sources of risk, causes of harm and resulting damage of environmental incidents based on first-hand data from 1369 cases collected by the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of China, which obtains detailed incident information. The results show that (1) there was a significant downward trend in the overall number of environmental incidents between 2006 and 2015, and developed eastern regions were high incidence areas; (2) hazardous chemicals were the main risk stressors; (3) production safety accidents and traffic accidents were the two major causes, and (4) most of these incidents resulted in polluted water and air. This paper is the first to provide a longitudinal analysis of the full scope of environmental incidents across the different regions of China, which has useful implications for policy-making and environmental management
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