Gelling by Heating

We introduce a simple model, a binary mixture of patchy particles, which has been designed to form a gel upon heating. Due to the specific nature of the particle interactions, notably the number and geometry of the patches as well as their interaction energies, the system is a fluid both at high and at low temperatures, whereas at intermediate temperatures the system forms a solid-like disordered open network structure, i.e. a gel. Using molecular dynamics we investigate the static and dynamic properties of this system

Detección de valores atípicos temporales usando redes bayesianas dinámicas y reglas de asociación probabilísticas

Esta tesis trata el problema de descubrir valores atípicos temporales interesantes en un conjunto de datos. Presentamos reglas de asociación probabilísticas como medidas para descubrir valores atípicos temporales interesantes basados en el conocimiento del dominio que ha sido aprendido y representado por una Red Bayesiana Dinámica. Las redes Bayesianas dinámicas capturan el conocimiento previo en una relación causal entre variables aleatorias. Las dos reglas de asociación probabilística definidas como: i) soporte bajo & confianza alta y ii) soporte alto & confianza baja, fueron usadas para identificar escenarios donde las discrepancias entre las probabilidades previas y condicionales son significativas. Nuestro enfoque novedoso une ambos métodos y nos permite descubrir valores atípicos temporales interesantes y proporcionan una contextualización en forma de sub-espacios relacionales, bajo la metodología propuesta llamada “Patrones Atípicos Temporales en un Dominio Específico”. La evaluación de la metodología propuesta fue realiza en datos temporales simulados y reales, en escenarios no supervisados y supervisados. Los resultados experimentales en datos temporales muestran que nuestro enfoque puede detectar valores atípicos temporales genuinos y proporcionar sub-espacios relacionales para explicar las causas probables de los valores atípicos temporales reportados con buenas medidas de eficiencia.This thesis deals with the problem of discovering these interesting temporal outliers in datasets. We present probabilistic association rules as measures to discover interesting temporal outliers based on domain knowledge that has been learned and represented by a Dynamic Bayesian Network. Dynamic Bayesian networks are models to represent complex stochastic processes, to establish probabilistic dependencies in the feature space over time, and to capture the background knowledge in a causal relationship between features. The two probabilistic association rules: i) low support & high confidence, and ii) high support & low confidence, were used to identify scenarios where the discrepancies between prior and conditional probabilities are significant. Our novel approach coalesces both methods. It allows us to discover interesting temporal outliers and provide contextualization in the form of relational subspaces, under the proposed methodology called “Domain Specific Temporal Anomalous Patterns.” The evaluation of the proposed methodology was done on synthetic and real temporal datasets on the unsupervised and supervised scenario. The experimental results on temporal datasets show that our approach can detect genuine temporal outliers and provide relational subspaces to explain the probable causes of the reported outliers, with reasonable efficiency measures

Revisión de la zoogeografía de los peces marinos de la Patagonia chilena (42º-57º S)

From bibliographical information on bathymetric and latitudinal distribution of 110 marine fish species of western Patagonia (42º-57ºS), the ichthyogeographic zonation of the area is discussed. The bathymetric distribution of the fish species shows a species association distributed at depths less than 100 m, a second association between 50 and 500 m, and a third association below 500 m depth. This third one is interpreted as a transitional situation of the second one, because of the scarcity of endemic species. These associations present similar latitudinal zonation patterns, including separation into a northern sector, characterized by species of lower latitudes, a southern sector with characteristic and endemic elements of that zone, and an intermediate transition sector considered as an independent association by its large extension and species composition. The Straits of Magellan represent an important faunistic exchange zone between the bottom fish communities of the Southwestern Atlantic and the Southeastern Pacific.A partir de la información, principalmente bibliográfica, sobre distribución batimétrica y latitudinal de 110 especies de peces marinos de la Patagonia occidental (42º-57ºS), se presenta un esquema de zonación ictiogeográfica para el área. La distribución batimétrica de las especies muestra la existencia de una asociación de peces distribuida entre 0 y 50 m de profundidad, una segunda asociación entre 50 y 500 m de profundidad y una tercera asociación a más de 500 m de profundidad. Esta tercera asociación es interpretada como situación de transición de la segunda asociación, a causa de la escasez de especies endémicas. Estas asociaciones presentan un patrón similar de distribución latitudinal, que incluye un sector norte, caracterizado por elementos de latitudes menores, un sector sur, con elementos característicos del área y un sector intermedio de transición considerado como una unidad independiente por su extensión y composición íctica, confirmando los resultados de revisiones biogeográficas anteriores. El Estrecho de Magallanes destaca como sector de intercambio faunístico entre el Atlántico suroccidental y el Pacífico suroriental

Joint diagnostic of the surface air temperature in southern South America and the Madden–Julian oscillation

The objective of this research is to explore the relationship between maximum and minimum temperatures, daily precipitation, and the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). It was found that the different phases of the MJO show a consistent signal on winter temperature variability and precipitation in southeastern South America. Additionally, this paper explores the spatial–temporal variations of mutual information and joint entropy between temperature and the MJO. A defined spatial pattern was observed with an increased signal in northeastern Argentina and southern Brazil. In the local mutual information analysis, periods in which the mutual information doubled the average values were observed over the entire region. These results indicate that these connections can be used to forecast winter temperatures with a better skill score in situations where both variables covary.Fil: Naumann, Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vargas, Walter Mario. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Stochastic stability for a model representing the intake manifold pressure of an automotive engine

The paper presents conditions to assure stochastic stability for a nonlinear model. The proposed model is used to represent the input-output dynamics of the angle of aperture of the throttle valve (input) and the manifold absolute pressure (output) in an automotive spark-ignition engine. The automotive model is second moment stable, as stated by the theoretical result—data collected from real-time experiments supports this finding.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Derecho al voto de los condenados en Colombia

66 p. Recurso Electr?nicoExperiencia laboral en algunas c?rceles de Colombia y la disciplina de referencia (Derecho) de uno de los investigadores conduce a la pregunta: ?por qu? los condenados a prisi?n quedan inhabilitados para ejercer su derecho al voto?, siendo la democracia uno de los objetivos de la educaci?n y esta uno de los pilares de la resocializaci?n que les permitir? a los condenados, una vez cumplida su pena, reintegrarse a la sociedad. De ah? parte un proceso en el que se busca: en primer lugar, determinar las razones (si las hay) de la cuestionada prohibici?n de votar (electoral); enseguida, indagar sobre las acciones que se pueden emprender a fin de contribuir a la restituci?n del derecho vulnerado (el voto de los condenados); luego, estudiar y analizar los casos en los que el sufragio de los condenados es permitido y la forma como se alcanz? esa reivindicaci?n electoral y, finalmente, analizar los contenidos y los principios que sustentan las acciones consideradas viables para lograr el restablecimiento del derecho al voto de los condenados. El proceso es orientado por el an?lisis de contenidos que permite evidenciar en el universo de los derechos pol?ticos cuatro categor?as de an?lisis: el derecho al voto, la dignidad humana, la inclusi?n social y a resocializaci?n; cuyas unidades de an?lisis est?n fundamentadas en lo jur?dico partiendo de lo universal para arribar a lo local y hacer de este un proceso s?lido en cualquier contexto democr?tico. El tipo de investigaci?n a desarrollar es cualitativo considerada como ?alternativas cre?bles y v?lidas en el an?lisis de la realidad humano-social? (L?pez Noguero, 2005), en el que se generan las correspondientes fichas de an?lisis y gr?ficas elaboradas a partir de la herramienta Atlas ti 7.0.Work experience in some prisons in Colombia and the reference discipline ( law ) of one of the researchers leads to the question : why are sentenced to prison are disabled to exercise their right to vote?, democracy being one of the objectives education and is one of the pillars of resocialization that will allow convicted after serving his sentence , reintegrate into society . From there, a process which seeks to: first, determine the reasons (if any) of the disputed ban on vote (electoral); immediately, investigate the actions that can be undertaken to contribute to the restoration of violated rights (the vote of those convicted); then study and analyze the cases in which the vote of the condemned is allowed and how the electoral claim was reached and finally analyze the contents and the principles underlying the actions considered feasible to achieve the restoration of voting rights of the damned. The process is guided by the content analysis that allows evidence in the universe of political rights four categories of analysis: the right to vote, human dignity, social inclusion and social rehabilitation; whose analysis units are grounded in the legal basis of the universal to arrive at the local and make this a solid process in any democratic context. The type of research to develop is qualitative considered "credible alternatives and valid analysis of social human reality" (Lopez Noguero, 2005), in which the corresponding tabs analysis and graphs made from the tool are generated Atlas ti 7.0. Keyworks: Right to vote, convicted, resocialization, social inclusion, human dignity, citizenship

La subordinación de los derechos a la nueva lex mercatoria: del giro constitucional a la expansión extractivista en Perú

Este artículo aborda el problema de la asimetría existente entre las garantías jurídicas de los intereses de las empresas transnacionales y grupos de poder económico, y la protección de los derechos humanos de las personas, comunidades y pueblos afectados por la expansión de megaproyectos extractivos en Perú. Indagamos la adopción constitucional antidemocrática de principios corporativos claves de la nueva lex mercatoria global, así como su impacto regulatorio y práctico en la vulneración de derechos humanos. Finalmente, partiendo de las nociones de poder corporativo y enfoque de derechos, identificamos la subordinación de diversos derechos a los intereses empresariales mineros, en dos conflictos concretos relacionados a los megaproyectos Conga y Las Bambas. De este modo, pretendemos contribuir a la reflexión sobre la primacía de los derechos humanos, en particular los asociados a las luchas por la justicia ambiental y la defensa de territorios indígenas, frente al poder corporativo

El Niño induced changes of the coastal fish fauna off northern Chile and implications for ichthyogeography (Cambios de la fauna íctica del norte de Chile inducidos por El Niño y sus implicancias en la ictiogeografía)

The coastal fringe off northern Chile (18º-23ºS) is inhabited by numerous neritic fish species of which 249 are commonly observed during normal and cold La Niña (LN) conditions. During El Niño (EN) the ichthyofauna of northern Chile changes significantly due to about 100 invading fish species normally inhabiting lower latitudes, named “septentrional invaders” and “tropic-equatorial fishes”. This results in a composition including 15 fish families and 86 genera. Analyses showed that species affected by EN were not the same between the last three EN events revealing that only the epipelagic species Anchoa naso, Albula vulpes, Atherinella nocturna and Scomberesox saurus stolatus behaved consistently. Off northern Chile, EN 1982/83, 1986/87, 1991/92, 1997/98, 2002/2003 and the not clearly EN defined 2004/2005 period with their aligned thermal abnormalities of each particular event were directly related to the number of invading/affected species. Most of the alien species (>50%) were epipelagic, 25% were typical for sandy beaches and 14.6% for rocky shores. The shore fish community did not show major changes during and after EN events, as only a few invading species were recorded; just Umbrina xantii was found during all events considered. In order to understand the response of the fish community to ENSO events a biogeographical analyses of 721 fish species reported for neritic habitats (coastal epipelagic and benthic) distributed between 0°-57°S (Gulf of Guayaquil to Cape Horn) was made. Their distribution ranges for normal oceanic conditions were taken from the very numereous existing literature. It is concluded that the north/south migration of Panamic and Peruvian warm water fishes during EN/LN events along the north Chilean coast between 18º-23ºS, indicates that it represents a wide transition zone between the Peruvian and the Chilean ichthyogeographic provinces