The rumen microbial metaproteome as revealed by SDS-PAGE

This work was supported by the RuminOmics project and funded by the European Commission (Grant Agreement No. 289319). The Rowett Institute is funded by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study or collection, analysis, or interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A covariant gauge-invariant three-dimensional description of relativistic bound-states

A formalism is presented which allows covariant three-dimensional bound-state equations to be derived systematically from four-dimensional ones without the use of delta-functions. The amplitude for the interaction of a bound state described by these equations with an electromagnetic probe is constructed. This amplitude is shown to be gauge invariant if the formalism is truncated at the same coupling-constant order in both the interaction kernel of the integral equation and the electromagnetic current operator.Comment: 17 pages, RevTeX, uses BoxedEPS.te

Effect of reduction of strategic Columbium addition in 718 Alloy on the structure and properties

A series of alloys was developed having a base composition similar to Inconel 718, with reduced Cb levels of 3.00 and 1.10 wt% Cb. Substitutions of 3.0% W, 3.0W + 0.9V or Mo increased from 3.0% to 5.8% were made for the Cb in these alloys. Two additional alloys, one containing 3.49% Cb and 1.10% Ti and another containing 3.89% Cb and 1.29% Ti were also studied. Tensile properties at rooom and elevated temperatures, stress-rupture tests, and an analysis of extracted phases were carried out for each of the alloys. Additions of solid solution elements to a reduced Cb alloy had no significant effect on the properties of the alloys under either process condition. The solution and age alloys with substitutions of 1.27% i at 3.89% Cb had tensile properties similar top hose of the original alloy and stress-rupture properties superior to the original alloy. The improved stress-rupture properties were the result of significant precipitation of Ni3Ti-gamma prime in the alloy, which is more stable than gamma' at the elevated temperatures. At lower temperatures, the new alloy benefits from gamma' strengthening. With more precise control and proper processing, the reduced Cb direct-age alloy could substitute for Alloy 718 in high strength applications

Ammonia production by human faecal bacteria, and the enumeration, isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of growth on peptides and amino acids

DA - 20130125 IS - 1471-2180 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2180 (Linking) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't SB - IMPeer reviewedPublisher PD

The effect of alloying on gamma and gamma prime in nickel-base superalloys

An investigation was conducted to determine the compositional limits of gamma and gamma prime phases in nickel-base superalloys. Fifty-one nickel-base alloys were melted under vacuum and heat treated for 4 hours at 1190 C followed by 1008 hours at 850 C. The alloys had the following composition ranges: A1 4.0 to 13 atomic percent, Cr 6.5 to 20.5 percent, Ti 0.25 to 4.75 percent, Mo 0.0 to 6.0 percent, and W 0.0 to 4.0 percent. The residues from the ammonium sulfate electrolytic extraction for the two-phase alloys were analyzed chemically and by X-ray diffraction. The results of the investigation were used to assemble a mathematical model of the gamma-gamma prime region of the Ni-Al-Cr-Ti-Mo-W system. A computer program was written to analyze the model of the phase diagram. Some of these results are also presented graphically. The resulting model is capable of satisfactorily predicting the compositions of conjugate gamma-gamma prime phases in the alloys investigated and twelve of fifteen commercial superalloys studied

Circular 17

Raise Your Calf Right— Feed your freshening cow / Take care of your freshening cow / Give ihe Calf a good place to live / Teach the calf to drink right away / Start your calf on grain early / Feed your calf roughage within 2 weeks. / Remember water and salt / Keep your heifers growing / -- Raise Your Calf Economically— Compare these rations: Whole milk, Skim milk, Skim milk powder, Gruel, Milk-Flo, Calf Manna, Calf meal / Follow recommended feeding programUnited States Department of Agriculture in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Administratio

The GPRIME approach to finite element modeling

GPRIME, an interactive modeling system, runs on the CDC 6000 computers and the DEC VAX 11/780 minicomputer. This system includes three components: (1) GPRIME, a user friendly geometric language and a processor to translate that language into geometric entities, (2) GGEN, an interactive data generator for 2-D models; and (3) SOLIDGEN, a 3-D solid modeling program. Each component has a computer user interface of an extensive command set. All of these programs make use of a comprehensive B-spline mathematics subroutine library, which can be used for a wide variety of interpolation problems and other geometric calculations. Many other user aids, such as automatic saving of the geometric and finite element data bases and hidden line removal, are available. This interactive finite element modeling capability can produce a complete finite element model, producing an output file of grid and element data

Entanglement of internal and external angular momenta of a single atom

We consider the exchange of spin and orbital angular momenta between a circularly polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam of light and a single atom trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential. The radiation field is treated classically but the atomic center-of-mass motion is quantized. The spin and orbital angular momenta of the field are individually conserved upon absorption, and this results in the entanglement of the internal and external degrees of freedom of the atom. We suggest applications of this entanglement in quantum information processing.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Low-energy interaction of composite spin-half systems with scalar and vector fields

We consider a composite spin-half particle moving in spatially-varying scalar and vector fields. The vector field is assumed to couple to a conserved charge, but no assumption is made about either the structure of the composite or its coupling to the scalar field. A general form for the piece of the spin-orbit interaction of the composite with the scalar and vector fields which is first-order in momentum transfer ${\bf Q}$ and second-order in the fields is derived.Comment: 10 pages, RevTe