Damages

Covers cases on punitive damages— willfulness of tort feasor

Free Speech, Due Process—and Contempt

The power of a court to punish summarily for contempt has been likened to be the nearest [thing] akin to despotic power of any power existing under our form of government. On the other hand, it has been praised as an inherent necessity if the courts are to exercise their functions properly. The balancing of these two considerations has perplexed the courts which have dealt with the contempt cases as they have come up through the years; that is, whether to limit the power, thereby possibly sacrificing judicial decorum and standing, or to allow it to remain unlimited as an assurance of continuing dignity in all judicial proceedings. A recent decision of the Supreme Court of Wyoming, Application of Stone, seems certain to raise a storm of comment across the country. The facts are extremely interesting and raise several problems which may be of constitutional importance

Evidence

Covers cases on best evidence rule—tape recording competent evidence where made from original wire recording

The “Forgotten Man” of Washington: the Pershing Memorial and the Battle over Military Memorialization

The current debates over the transformation of Pershing Park in Washington, D.C., into a national World War I memorial have reignited century-old concerns about how to properly memorialize military figures. The park, originally conceived as a memorial to General John Pershing and the men of the American Expeditionary Force in World War I, had fallen into disrepair, and many within the federal government wanted to redevelop the park in time for the World War I Centennial in 2018. Popular commentators have pointed to National Park Service budgets cuts and the decline of “great man” memorials as the primary culprits behind the park’s cultural irrelevancy. While those factors help to explain the park’s decline since its construction in 1981, they do not fully explain why it took thirty-three years to complete. Pershing Park’s legislative history reveals that the memorial project was plagued by both internal and external issues from its inception, which foreshadowed its eventual failure. Vietnam-era ideological shifts towards the military, commercial redevelopment within the capital, and national artistic reform movements all threatened Pershing Park’s existence during that period. These factors worked together to greatly reduce General Pershing’s imprint on what was originally intended to be his memorial. Additionally, the Pershing Memorial project was a seminal moment in the programmatic development of the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC), which spearheaded the Pershing initiative. The ABMC was originally tasked with constructing overseas cemeteries and memorials for American soldiers who were either missing or were never repatriated. The Pershing Memorial was the agency’s first endeavor in domestic monument-making, and the ABMC’s inexperience with Washington politics and private fundraising hindered its ability to construct an ideal memorial to its former chairman. The ABMC would go on to construct two more domestic memorials after Pershing Park, and these projects were sufficiently colored by the agency’s experience with the Pershing Memorial. Although the Pershing Memorial was the last federally-sponsored monument to a military commander, it was not the last gasp of military memorials in general. Enlightened by its experience with the Pershing monument, the ABMC constructed two ambitious war memorials to the Korean War and World War II in the late 1990s and early 2000s, with resounding success. The Pershing Memorial’s failure paradoxically helped propel military memorials into the new century

Model atmosphere analysis of selected luminous B stars

The general scientific goal of this program has been to determine whether the atmospheric structure of the B-type stars can be represented by the current generation of plane parallel, line-blanketed, LTE stellar atmosphere models sufficiently well to allow accurate effective temperatures and surface gravities to be deduced. The B stars cover a wide range of temperature and luminosity. For the hottest such stars (with T approximately 30,000 K) the applicability of the models may be compromised by departures from LTE in the stellar atmospheres ('non-LTE effects'). At the highest luminosities (the B 'super giants'), the models may be invalidated by departures from plane parallel geometry. Thus we seek to identify the temperature and luminosity range within which these effects are unimportant and where the models may be relied upon

Separate roads: The growing independence of Albania, Romania and Yugoslavia from the Soviet Union between 1964-1982

Thesis (B.A.) in Liberal Arts and Sciences--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1984.Bibliography: leaves 92-96.Microfiche of typescript. [Urbana, Ill.] : Photograhic Services, University of Illinois, U of I library, [1987]. 3 microfiches (101 frames) negative ; 11 x 15 cm

Towards High-Turndown-Ratio Shape Memory Alloy Driven Morphing Space Radiators: Manufacturing Methods, Computational Modeling, and Prototype Demonstration

Future manned space missions will require thermal control systems that can adapt to larger fluctuations in temperature and heat flux that exceed the capabilities of current state-of-the-art systems. These missions will demand novel space radiators that can vary the heat rejection rate of the system to maintain the crew cabin at habitable temperatures throughout the entire mission. Current systems can provide a turndown ratio (defined as the ratio of maximum to minimum heat rejection) of 3:1 under adverse conditions. However, future missions are projected to demand thermal control systems that can provide a turndown ratio of more than 6:1. A novel morphing radiator concept varies the system heat rejection rate by altering the shape of the radiator that is exposed to space. This shape change is accomplished through the use of shape memory alloys, a class of active materials that exhibit thermomechanically-driven phase transformations and can be used as both sensors and actuators in thermal control applications. In past efforts, prototype morphing radiators have been tested in a relevant thermal environment, demonstrating the feasibility and scalability of the concept. This thesis summarizes the progress towards testing a high-performance morphing radiator in a relevant thermal environment. Different methods of achieving load transfer between the shape memory alloy actuators are studied, an efficient numerical model that predicts the mechanical response of an arbitrary morphing radiator configuration due to changes in temperature is developed, and a flight-quality prototype is tested in a relevant environment

Lowering Effects of Onion Intake on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

The protective effect of onion against oxidative stress in streptozotosin-induced diabetic rats was investigated in comparison with that of quercetin aglycone. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers involving the susceptibility of the plasma against copper ion-induced lipid peroxidation, which was estimated by the amounts of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides, and urine TBARS and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine contents. After the 12-week feeding period, plasma glucose levels and these biomarkers increased in diabetic rats compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats fed a 6.0% onion diet (quercetin equivalent: 0.023%), quercetin metabolites accumulated in the plasma at concentrations of approximately 35 µM. Onion intake decreased plasma glucose levels and lowered the oxidative stress biomarkers. On the other hand, quercetin metabolites in the plasma of rats fed a diet with 0.023% quercetin aglycone were found at lower concentrations (14.2 µM) than the rats fed the onion diet. Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers were higher in the quercetin diet group compared to the onion diet group. These results strongly suggest that onion intake suppresses diabetes-induced oxidative stress more effectively than the intake of the same amount of quercetin aglycone alone