ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Production of industrial tomato under different soil moisture regimes

Experimentos foram conduzidos nas condições de solo e clima da região de cerrados do Brasil Central, objetivando avaliar o comportamento do tomate industrial em diferentes regimes de umidade no solo. Os tratamentos, num total de 27, resultaram da combinação de três tensões de água no solo (30, 100 e 460 kPa) em três estádios de desenvolvimento da planta (vegetativo, reprodutivo e maturação). A produtividade de frutos comerciáveis não foi afetada por tensões máximas entre 30 e 460 kPa durante os estádios vegetativo e de maturação. Durante o estádio reprodutivo houve redução significativa da produtividade quando a tensão foi mantida em níveis acima de 100 kPa. A acidez dos frutos e o teor dos sólidos solúveis não foram afetados pelas tensões estudadas.Field experiments were carried out under the soil and climate conditions of Central Brazil, in the "cerrado" region, aiming to study the response of industrial tomatoes to different soil water tensions. Twenty-seven treatments resulted from the combination of three soil water tensions (30, 100, and 460 kPa) with three plant growth stages (vegetative, reproductive, and maturation). Commercial fruit productivity was not significantly affected by tensions between 30 and 460 kPa during the vegetative and maturation stages. In the reproductive stage it was reduced as soil water tension increased, but with no significant differences between 30 and 100 kPa. Fruit soluble solutes and acidity were not affected by the treatments

Improving the ozone gas-sensing properties of CuWO4 nanoparticles

This paper consists of an experimental investigation on the effects of annealing temperature on the structural, surface and ozone gas-sensing properties of CuWO4 nanoparticles prepared via a sonochemical route. X-ray diffraction patterns and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy revealed that both long- and short-order structures increase with the annealing temperature. Electrical resistance measurements indicated that CuWO4 samples were sensitive in the range of 15–1400 ppb, exhibiting a good reversibility and repeatability. The enhancement of the ozone gas-sensing properties was attributed to the reduction of hydroxyl species and the improvement of the crystallization degree. This study provides a versatile strategy for obtaining CuWO4 nanoparticles for practical applications as an ozone gas sensor

Doenças diagnosticadas pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária em 2019

This work presents the series of diagnoses in farm animals in 2019 from the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology at IFC Campus Concordia. There were 267 diagnoses in cattle, 29 in sheep and 40 in pigs, totaling 336. Of these, 293 (87.2%) were through necropsies and 43 (12.8%) through formalin samples sent by veterinarians. In cattle, the most incident diseases were poisoning by nitrate/nitrite with 13 cases (4.9%); hardware disease with 12 cases (4.5%); polioencephalomalacia with 11 cases (4.1%); and babesiosis with 9 cases (3.4%). In sheep it was haemonchosis with 6 cases (20.8%) and in pigs colibacillosis with 10 cases (25.0%).Este artículo presenta la serie de diagnósticos en animales de granja en 2019 del Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria del IFC Campus Concordia. Hubo 267 diagnósticos en bovinos, 29 en ovinos y 40 en porcinos, totalizando 336. De estos, 293 (87,2%) fueron por necropsias y 43 (12,8%) por muestras fijadas en formalina enviadas por veterinarios. En bovinos, las enfermedades más incidentes fueron la intoxicación por nitratos/nitritos con 13 casos (4,9%); retículo pericarditis traumática con 12 casos (4,5%); polioencefalomalacia con 11 casos (4,1%); y babesiosis con 9 casos (3,4%). En ovinos fue la hemoncosis con 6 casos (20,8%) y en porcinos la colibacilosis con 10 casos (25,0%).Este trabalho apresenta a casuística de diagnósticos em animais de produção no ano de 2019 do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária do IFC Campus Concórdia. Foram 267 diagnósticos em bovinos, 29 em ovinos e 40 em suínos, totalizando 336. Destes, 293 (87,2%) foram através de necropsias e 43 (12,8%) através de amostras formolizadas enviadas por veterinários. Em bovinos as doenças mais incidentes foram intoxicação por nitrato/nitrito com 13 casos (4,9%); retículo pericardite traumática com 12 casos (4,5%); polioencefalomalácia com 11 casos (4,1%); e babesiose com 9 casos (3,4%). Já em ovinos, foi hemoncose com 6 casos (20,8%) e, em suínos, a colibacilose com 10 casos (25,0%)

Water use and onion crop production in no-tillage and conventional cropping systems Uso de água e produção de cebola em sistemas de plantio direto e convencional

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of crop residue covers (0.0; 4.5; 9.0; 13.5 t ha-1 millet dry matter) on water use and production of onion cultivated in no-tillage planting system (NT) as compared to conventional tillage system (CT). The study was carried out at Embrapa Hortaliças, Brazil, under the typical Savanna biome. Irrigations were performed using a sprinkle irrigation system when soil-water tension reached between 25 and 30 kPa. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. Total net water depth applied to NT treatment was 19% smaller than the CT treatment, however, water savings increased to 30% for the first 30 days following seedlings transplant. Crop biomass, bulb size and yield, and rate of rotten bulbs were not significantly affected by treatments. The water productivity index increased linearly with increasing crop residue in NT conditions. Water productivity index of NT treatments with crop residue was on average 30% higher than that in the CT system (8.13 kg m-3).<br>O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do nível de palhada no solo (0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 13,5 t ha-1 de matéria seca de milheto) em sistema de plantio direto (PD) sobre o uso de água e produção de cebola, tendo como controle o sistema de plantio convencional (PC). O ensaio foi conduzido na Embrapa Hortaliças, em região típica do bioma Cerrado. As irrigações foram realizadas por aspersão a todo o momento que a tensão de água no solo atingiu entre 25 e 30 kPa. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso com três repetições. A lâmina de água aplicada em PD foi de até 19% menor que no tratamento PC durante o ciclo da cultura, sendo que durante os primeiros 30 dias do ciclo após o transplante das mudas a economia chegou a 30%. O desenvolvimento de plantas, o tamanho e o rendimento de bulbos, e a taxa de bulbos podres não foram afetados significativamente pelos tratamentos. O índice de produtividade da água no PD aumentou linearmente com o aumento do nível de palhada, sendo que o índice nos tratamentos PD com palhada foi em média 30% maior que em PC (8,13 kg m-3)

Modelos de elevação para obtenção de atributos topográficos utilizados em mapeamento digital de solos

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar modelos digitais de elevação (MDE), obtidos por diferentes fontes de dados, e selecionar um deles para derivar variáveis morfométricas utilizadas em mapeamento digital de solos. O trabalho foi realizado na Bacia Guapi‑Macacu, RJ. Os dados primários utilizados nos modelos gerados por interpolação (MDE‑carta e MDE‑híbrido) foram: curvas de nível, drenagem, pontos cotados e dados de sensor remoto transformados em pontos. Utilizaram-se, na comparação, modelos obtidos por sensor remoto e por aerorrestituição (MDE SRTM e MDE IBGE). Todos os modelos apresentaram resolução espacial de 30 m. A avaliação dos modelos de elevação foi baseada na análise de: atributos derivados (declividade, aspecto e curvatura); depressões espúrias; comparação entre feições derivadas a partir dos modelos e as originais, oriundas de cartas planialtimétricas; e análise das bacias de contribuição derivadas. O modelo digital de elevação híbrido apresenta qualidade superior à dos demais modelos

Cinnamaldehyde Increases the Survival of Mice Submitted to Sepsis Induced by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Several natural products have been investigated for their bactericidal potential, among these, cinnamaldehyde. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the activity of cinnamaldehyde in the treatment of animals with sepsis induced by extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Initially, the E. coli F5 was incubated with cinnamaldehyde to evaluate the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration. Animal survival was monitored for five days, and a subset of mice were euthanized after 10 h to evaluate histological, hematological, and immunological parameters, as well as the presence of bacteria in the organs. On the one hand, inoculation of bacterium caused the death of 100% of the animals within 24 h after infection. On the other hand, cinnamaldehyde (60 mg/kg) was able to keep 40% of mice alive after infection. The treatment significantly reduced the levels of cytokines in serum and peritoneum and increased the production of cells in both bone marrow and spleen, as well as lymphocytes at the infection site. Cinnamaldehyde was able to reduce tissue damage by decreasing the deleterious effects for the organism and contributed to the control of the sepsis and survival of animals; therefore, it is a promising candidate for the development of new drugs