The weak evidence of lip print analysis for sexual dimorphism in forensic dentistry:A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of lip print patterns among males and females, and to test the diagnostic accuracy of lip pattern analysis for sexual dimorphism in forensic dentistry. A systematic literature review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in six primary databases and three databases to cover part of the grey literature. Observational and diagnostic accuracy studies that investigated lip print patterns through cheiloscopy for sexual dimorphism were selected. Risk of bias was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. Proportion meta-analysis using random effects was fitted to pool the accuracy of cheiloscopy. The odds of correctly identifying males and females was assessed through a random effects meta-analysis. GRADE approach was used to assess certainty of evidence. The search found 3,977 records, published between 1982 and 2019. Seventy-two studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis (n = 22,965 participants), and twenty-two studies were sampled for meta-analysis. Fifty studies had low risk of bias. Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s technique was the most prevalent among studies. The accuracy of sexual dimorphism through cheiloscopy ranged between 52.7 and 93.5%, while the pooled accuracy was 76.8% (95% CI = 65.8; 87.7). There was no difference between the accuracy to identify males or females (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.26; 1.99). The large spectrum of studies on sexual dimorphism via cheiloscopy depicted accuracy percentage rates that rise uncertainty and concern. The unclear performance of the technique could lead to wrong forensic practice

Comparison of piezosurgery and conventional rotary instruments in schneider?s membrane sinus lifting : a pilot randomized trial

The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the postoperative effects of the piezoelectric device and conventional rotary instruments in Schneider's membrane sinus lifting procedure. Twenty patients requiring bilateral maxillary bone graft augmenta

Preemptive use of intravenous ibuprofen to reduce postoperative pain after lower third molar surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

This study aimed to systematically review the literature to assess the effect of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen on pain reduction after lower third molar surgery. Nine databases (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Open Gray, and Open Thesis) were used as sources of research, including “grey literature.” The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Only randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen on pain during and immediately after the extraction of lower third molars were included, without restrictions of year and language. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, data extraction, and assessment of the risk of bias. The “Joanna Briggs Institute for Randomized Controlled Trials” tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Each study was categorized according to the percentage of positive responses to the questions corresponding to the assessment instrument. The results were measured narratively/descriptively. The initial search resulted in 3,257 records, of which only three studies (n=150 participants) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. All studies were published in 2019. The risk of bias ranged from low to moderate. Two studies found significant pain reduction within 48 h after the procedure. In conclusion, the use of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen for extracting third molars reduces pain and analgesic consumption after the surgical procedure

Knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding domestic violence against women: a systematic review

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS: The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S

Levantamento epidemiológico de traumatismos dentários em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros : uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise

O trauma dental (TD) é um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo, contudo não há nenhuma meta-análise que tenha sumarizado a prevalência de trauma em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar a prevalência do traumatismo dentário em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros por meio de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise. A revisão sistemática foi registrada no PROSPERO sob o protocolo CRD42018111212. A busca foi realizada em oito bases de dados (Embase, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey e OpenThesis). Foram incluídos apenas estudos transversais de prevalência realizados no Brasil. O risco de viés dos estudos foi avaliado pela ferramenta "JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for Systematic Reviews" para estudos de prevalência. Uma meta-análise de efeito randômico foi realizada para sumarização dos resultados. A heterogeneidade entre os estudos foi calculada por meio do teste I². O gráfico de funil foi utilizado para a análise de viés de publicação. A qualidade da evidência foi avaliada pelo GRADE. Ao todo, cento e um artigos foram incluídos na revisão. A maioria dos estudos (77%) apresentou baixo risco de viés. A prevalência geral de TD encontrado foi de 23% (95%CI:21.0-26.0); na dentição permanente a prevalência obtida foi de 20% (95%CI: 17.0-23.0) e na dentição decídua a prevalência encontrada foi de 28% (95%CI: 23.0¿33.0). A prevalência no sexo masculino foi de 27% (95%CI: 24.0-30.0) e no sexo feminino foi 21% (95%CI: 18.0 - 23.0). A evidência obtida foi classificada como muito baixa. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que a prevalência de trauma dental em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil foi considerada alta (23%), principalmente entre o sexo masculino (27%) e em crianças com dentição decídua (28%)Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are a public health problem throughout the world, however no meta-analysis has summarized the prevalence of dental trauma in Brazilian children and adolescents. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental trauma in Brazilian children and adolescents through a systematic review and meta- analysis. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO under the protocol CRD42018111212. The search was conducted in eight databases (Embase, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey e OpenThesis). Only cross- sectional prevalence studies were included. The JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for prevalence studies assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Heterogeneity among studies was calculated using the I² test. The funnel plot was used for the publication bias analysis. The GRADE tool assessed the quality of evidence across included studies. One hundred and one studies were included. Most studies (77%) had a low risk of bias. The overall prevalence of TDI found was 23% (95% CI: 21.0¿26.0); in permanent dentition the prevalence obtained was 20% (95% CI: 17.0¿23.0) and in primary dentition the prevalence was 28% (95% CI: 23.0¿33.0). The prevalence among boys was 27% (95% CI: 24.0¿30.0) and among girls was 21% (95% CI: 18.0 - 23.0). The quality of evidence was classified as having a very low level of certainty. Thus, it can be concluded that the prevalence of dental trauma in children and adolescents in Brazil is high (23%), especially among boys (27%) and children with primary dentition (28%

Assessment of the ergonomic risk from saddle and conventional seats in dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to verify whether the saddle seat provides lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats in dentistry. METHODS:This review followed the PRISMA statement and a protocol was created and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017074918). Six electronic databases were searched as primary study sources. The "grey literature" was included to prevent selection and publication biases. The risk of bias among the studies included was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Systematic Reviews. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the effect of seat type on the ergonomic risk score in dentistry. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I2 statistics. RESULTS:The search resulted in 3147 records, from which two were considered eligible for this review. Both studies were conducted with a total of 150 second-year dental students who were starting their laboratory activities using phantom heads. Saddle seats were associated with a significantly lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats [right side (mean difference = -3.18; 95% CI = -4.96, -1.40; p < 0.001) and left side (mean difference = -3.12; 95% CI = -4.56, -1.68; p < 0.001)], indicating posture improvement. CONCLUSION:The two eligible studies for this review provide moderate evidence that saddle seats provided lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats in the examined population of dental students

Maxillary incisor root morphology in patients with nonsyndromic tooth agenesis: a controlled cross-sectional pilot study

This study aimed to investigate the association between root morphology of maxillary incisors and nonsyndromic tooth agenesis in patients compared with a control group without agenesis. Methods: This controlled cross-sectional pilot study (1:4) was performed with a random sample of 335 records from Brazilian applicants for orthodontic treatment, paired by sex and age. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were analyzed to diagnose tooth agenesis and to assess root morphology. The agenesis group (n = 67) included patients with nonsyndromic tooth agenesis, and the control group (n = 268) included patients without tooth agenesis. The statistical analysis included the Student t test and z test, conditional logistic regression, and odds ratio estimates. Results: Occurrence of root morphological changes was significantly higher among patients with agenesis (P <0.05). Significant morphological changes (short, blunt, apically bent, and pipette-shaped roots) were found in the roots of remaining teeth when comparing agenesis and control groups (P <0.05). Patients with agenesis were more likely to show root morphological changes (odds ratio, 74.23; 95% confidence interval, 16.93-325.46; P <0.001). Conclusion: Patients with agenesis are more likely to present root morphological changes, which should be considered to minimize problems during orthodontic treatments157221221

Re: Response to: Influence of reminder therapy for controlling bacterial plaque in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lima IFP, de Andrade Vieira W, de Macedo Bernadinho I, Costa PA, Lima APB, Pithon, MM, Paranhos LR.

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Aesthetic facial perception and need for treatment in simulated laterognathism in male faces of different ethnicities

PurposeThis study aimed to compare the aesthetic perception and treatment need in individuals of different ethnicities with various degrees of laterognathism assessed by orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and laypersons.MethodsThree male descendants of different ethnicities were assessed, in which the mandibular deviation was manipulated digitally in different angulations (from 0 to 8 degrees). The assessment was performed by three groups (orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, and laypersons (n =20)), and it consisted of scoring the degree of pleasantness of the images presented in a numerical scale and indicating or not a corrective treatment for the respective image.ResultsThe higher the degree of deviation, the lower the scores assigned to the image (p0.05). Moreover, the increase in degree of deviation increased the perception of treatment need (p<0.05). The African faces received the highest scores, with significant differences from the Caucasian faces (p <0.05). The overall tendency was higher treatment indication for the Caucasian faces, with statistically significant differences from the African faces (p <0.05).ConclusionThe greater the mandibular deviation, the lower the aesthetic pleasantness. Laypersons are less critical regarding the assessment of mandibular deviation. There was no difference for treatment indication by the different groups of evaluators. In addition, ethnicity may influence the perception and treatment indication23440741