Zarządzanie ryzykiem procesów w Systemie Zarządzania Jakością

The article refers to the issue of risk management. It gives an example of the implementation of the risk management process in an enterprise operating in an environment of quality management system ISO 9001. The case study is preceded with a theoretical background of the process approach and risk-based approach in the context of international standardization.Artykuł odnosi się do zagadnień zarządzania ryzykiem. W opracowaniu podano przykład wdrożenia procesu zarządzania ryzykiem w przedsiębiorstwie działającym w środowisku systemu zarządzania jakością ISO 9001. Studium przypadku jest poprzedzone teoretycznym opisem podejścia procesowego i podejścia opartego na ryzyku w kontekście międzynarodowej standaryzacji

DNA methylation in type 2 diabetes and metabolic health

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease caused by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism with the ability to alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. In this thesis, I examined the role of DNA methylation in type 2 diabetes and metabolic health. Our research showed that DNA methylation markers in blood are associated with type 2 diabetes, even several (7-10) years before diagnosis. Those changes in DNA methylation profiles can be considered markers of altered metabolism, including obesity, glycaemic and lipid changes. We confirmed that accelerated biological age (epigenetic age) is associated with severe obesity and development of type 2 diabetes. Additionally, DNA methylation biomarkers show potential for monitoring response to interventions, for example bariatric surgery, and could be used as biomarkers of environmental exposures such as endocrine disrupting chemicals

Anthropometrische Eigenschaften und Leistung bei den 110-m- und 400-m- Hürdenläufern

The men’s hurdle runs (110-m hurdles and 400-m hurdles) belong to a group of complex athletics events. Performance in hurdle races depends on motor abilities, technique and anthropometric profiles. The aim of this longitudinal study (1994-1999) was to find relationships between male hurdle performance and various anthropometric and body composition parameters on 60 Polish hurdlers and 60 students of the Academy of Physical Education in Hatowice, divided in two samples: 110-hurdlers and 400-m hurdlers (N1,2=30). A Polish hurdler is the athlete who is tall (184.3 cm), has long lower limbs (97.7 cm) and large muscle circumferences (specially thigh and calf) as well as a low level of fat percentage (mainly thigh, triceps and abdominal). Also significant correlations (p < 0.001) between hurdle performances and body mass, muscle mass, LBM (kg), stature and arm and thigh circumferences appeared, stronger in the group of 110 than 400-m hurdlers. None of three somatotype components influenced the results in hurdle races. Principal component factor analysis condensed anthropometric and body composition parameters into three (stature, muscle and fat) dimensions which accounted for 52.4% of common variance. The correlation of the muscle factor with the hurdle performance yielded 0.45 (p < 0.01). The best combination of variables for the prediction of hurdle-run results consisted of: stature, thigh girth and thigh skinfolds (R = 0.66, r2 = 0.44, F = 14.53, p < 0.001).Uvod Konačna izvedba i sportski uspjeh u atletskim disciplinama uvjetovani su genskom konstitucijom, ostvarenjem trenažnih ciljeva i zadataka te izvantrenažnim utjecajima iz okoline. Disciplina trčanja preko prepona (110m i 400m) za muškarce pripada skupini složenih atletskih disciplina. Uspješnost u trčanju preko prepona ovisi o motoričkim sposobnostima, tehnici i antropometrijskom profilu sportaša. Cilj je ovog rada bio ispitati odnose između uspješnosti u trcanju preko prepona i pojedinih antropometrijskih i konstitucijskih obilježja muškaraca. Metode Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 60 poljskih preponaša i 60 studenata (AS ± S.D.: dob 21.3 ± 2.1 godina) Akademije tjelesnog odgoja iz Katowica. Preponaši su bili podijeljeni u dvije skupine (N=30) prema disciplini u kojoj se natjecu: preponaši na 110m (dobi 21.1 ±3.1 godina, visine 185.2 ±3.5 cm, tjelesne mase 77.0 ±5.9 kg te najboljeg vremena u trčanju preko prepona 14.5 ±2.1 s) i preponaši na 400m (dobi 20.9 ±1.9 godina, visine 183.5 ±4.8 cm, tjelesne mase 74.4 ±4.9 kg te najboljeg vremena u trčanju preko prepona 52.9 ±2.1 s). U te poduzorke bili su uključeni i europski prvak na 400m prepone iz 1998. godine te dva polufinalista olimpijskih igara (iz 1996. i 2000. godine) na 110m prepone. Ispitivanje je trajalo šest godina (od 1994. do 1999. godine). Kvaliteta preponaša na 100m i 400m (uspješnost) određena je prema atletskim tablicama rezultata (prema Spiriev i Kovacs, 1987). Od antropometrijskih karakteristika izmjerene su longitudinalne mjere tijela (7), transverzalne mjere tijela (4), opsezi (6), kožni nabori (7) te tjelesna masa. Također su procijenjeni masa i postotak tjelesne masti (BF), nemasna tjelesna masa (LBM) i mišicna masa (MM), a odrebeni su i somatotipovi. Podaci su analizirani t-testom za nezavisne uzorke, izračunati su Pearsonovi koeficijenti korelacija, provedena je faktorska analiza metodom glavnih komponenata (Hottelingova faktor- ska analiza) te stupnjevita regresijska analiza. Rezultati i rasprava Statistički značajne razlike između dviju skupina preponaša dobivene su za sve parametre longitudinalne dimenzionalnosti (p<0.01), nemasnu tjelesnu masu (LBM) i mišićnu masu (MM). Poljski preponaš je visok sportaš (184.3 cm), dugih je nogu (97.7 cm) i velikih mišićnih opsega (osobito natkoljenice i potkoljenice) s niskim postotkom masnog tkiva (vrijednosti kožnih nabora osobito su niske na natkoljenici, tricepsu i trbuhu). Rezultati ukazuju i na statis- ticki znacajnu povezanost (p<0.01) između uspješnosti trčanja preko prepona i tjelesne mase, mišićne mase, LBM (kg) te opsega trupa, ruku i natkoljenice. Veće vrijednosti korelacijskih koeficijenata dobivene su za grupu preponaša na 110m nego za one koji trče 400m prepone. Nijedan od tri utvrđena somatotipa ne utječe na rezultate u trčanju preko prepona. Analiza glavnih komponenata manifestni je prostor antropometrijskih varijabli i parametara tjelesne konstitucije sažela u tri dimenzije (STAS, MIŠIĆI i MAST) te je tako objašnjeno 52.4% zajedničke varijance. Faktor MIŠIĆI uključuje sve opsege, i to natkoljenice (projekcija -.83), prsa (.83), potkoljenice (.80) i ruke (.78). Koeficijent korelacije izmebu ovog faktora i trčanja preko prepona iznosi 0.45 (p<0.01). Najbolja kombinacija varijabli za predikciju rezultata u trcanju preko prepona ukljucuje: visinu, opseg natkoljenice i kožni nabor natkoljenice (R=0.66, r2=0.44, F=14.53; p<0.01). Uspješnost predikcije ovom kombinacijom antropometrijskih varijabli veća je na uzorku preponaša koji trče 110m nego na uzorku preponaša na 400m (R2=0.59 naspram R2=0.30). Zaključak Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na to da su antropometrijske varijable korisne za prognozu rezultata vrhunskih preponaša, osobito onih koji trče 110m s preponama.Männerhürdenläufe (der 110-m-Hürdenlauf und der 400-m-Hürdenlauf) gehören zu den komplexen athletischen Disziplinen. Sportliche Leistung im Hürdenlauf hängt von motorischen Fähigkeiten, Technik und dem anthropometrischen Profil ab. Das Ziel dieser longitudinaler Studie war, den Zusammenhang zwischen der sportlichen Leistung im Männerhürdenlauf und verschiedenen anthropometrischen und Hörperbauparametern fest zu stellen, bei 60 polnischen Hürdenläufen und 60 Studenten der Akademie für Sportausbildung, Hatowice. Die Hürdenläufer wurden in zwei Gruppen von 30 Personen verteilt: die 110-m- Hürdenläufer und 400- m-Hürdenläufer. Die Untersuchungen wurden in einem 6-jährigen Zeitraum (1994-1999) durchgeführt. Der polnische Hürdenläufer ist ein hoher Sportler (184,3 cm), mit langen unteren Gliedermaßen (97,7 cm), großen Umfängen (besonders am Ober- und Unterschenkel) und einem niedriegen Hörperfettanteil (meistens am Oberschenkel, Trizeps und Abdomen). Die Ergebnisse zeigten die bedeutende Horrelation (p < 0,001) der Hürdenlaufresultaten mit der Hörpermasse, Muskelmasse, mit der fettfreien Hörpermasse (kg), Statur sowie mit dem Arm- und Oberschenkelumfang. Die Horrelationen waren enger in der 110-m-Gruppe als in der 400-m-Gruppe. Heine der Somatotypkomponenten beeinflusste die Hürdenlaufresultaten. Die Hauptkomponentenanalyse, die anthropometrischen und Hörperbauparameter auf drei Faktoren (Statur, Muskel und Fett) verteilte, erklärte 52,4% der gemeinsamen Varianz. Die Horrelation zwischen dem Hürdenlaufergebnis und dem Faktor „Muskel”ertrug 0,45 (p < 0,01). Die beste Variablenkombination zur Voraussage des Hürdenlaufergebnisses umfasst: die Statur, den Oberschenkelumfang und die Oberschenkelhautfalten (R = 0,66, r2 = 0,44, F = 14,53, p < 0,001)

Distributed Ethernet Based System of Measurement and Visualization for Buildings Monitoring

AbstractDespite advanced facilities and sophisticated control algorithm which are available in engineering practice, heating, ventilating and air conditioning system (HVAC) constantly works not properly in many buildings. Despite that control loop normally works without any faults, an air quality is often measured in non-representative way. Finding a reason of any defect in HVAC and efficiency assessment is a common task nowadays. Although new buildings are often monitored by building management system (BMS), the extensive analysis involves additional measurements. In this paper authors describe a developed from scratch, distributed measurement and visualization system, which consist of measuring devices with Ethernet connectivity and visualization software. Designed solution seeks to be scalable, flexible and user-friendly. Developed visualization system can operate with different external data sources. Visualization system performance was tested by connecting to heating plant and it usability was assessed. The results show that online visualization rationalizes maintaining of monitored system

Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonites from the Morondava Basin, Madagascar

Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonite assemblages have been collected on a bed-by-bed basis from localities at Vohipaly and Mahaboboka, Madagascar, as well as from outcrops around Berekata, all in the Morondava Basin, southwest Madagascar. These collections demonstrate the presence of the upper Lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras dixoni Zone and the lower Middle Cenomanian Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone of the north-western European standard sequence. These records indicate that the striking anomalies in the zonal assemblages of the classic divisions of the Madagascan Cenomanian are based on mixed assemblages, rather than a succession that differs radically from that elsewhere in the world. The dixoni Zone fauna is: Desmoceras cf. latidorsatum (Michelin, 1838), Pachydesmoceras kossmati Matsumoto, 1987, Forbesiceras sp., F. baylissiWright & Kennedy, 1984, F. largilliertianum (d'Orbigny, 1841), Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926a, M. dixoni Spath, 1926b, M. mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814), M. picteti Hyatt, 1903, M. saxbii (Sharpe, 1857), Sharpeiceras sp., S. falloti (Collignon, 1931), S. mocambiquense (Choffat, 1903), S. cf. florencae Spath, 1925, Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857), A. tenue Collignon, 1964, Calycoceras sp., Mrhiliceras lapparenti (Pervinquičre, 1907), Mariella (Mariella) stolizcai (Collignon, 1964), Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae (Collignon, 1964), Turrilites scheuchzerianus Bosc, 1801, Sciponoceras cucullatum Collignon, 1964, and Sciponoceras antanimangaensis (Collignon, 1964). The presence of Calycoceras in a Lower Cenomanian association represents a precocious appearance of a genus typically Middle and Upper Cenomanian in occurrence, and matches records from Tunisia. The inerme Zone yields a more restricted assemblage: Pachydesmoceras kossmati, Forbesiceras baylissi, Acanthoceras sp. juv., Cunningtoniceras cunningtoni (Sharpe, 1855) and Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae

Molecular markers used in breast cancer diagnosis — current practice and future perspectives

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women and a leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite many available diagnostic tools and techniques, tumor heterogeneity and molecular diversity of breast cancer tumors require new biomarkers in clinical practice. A potential diagnostic test can be built based on few biomarkers. Those biomarkers may not be specific and sensitive enough to be a single diagnostic tool, but might be useful as a set of biomarkers e.g. CEA, CA15-3, MammaPrint®, HER2 and BRCA1, 2. The second group of potential biomarkers are microRNAs. Changes in miRNA and altered genes expression may contribute to the development of breast cancer and metastases. Integration of proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics data is necessary to discover a new panel of biomarkers

What characterises a good leader? A survey of organisational leaders in Poland

The article attempts to define the characteristics of a contemporary manager that determine being a leader in the 21st-century organisation. The way to achieve the assumed goal of the research was to conduct an own study among the managers of organisations in the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. 48 top managers in 48 organisations were examined, obtaining information from them on the work, characteristics, principles, and roles of the organisation leader

HURDLE RACE IN EARLY EDUCATION – 10 WEEKS OF ARTS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

Research objectives. Hurdling (in sport = hurdle run, in schools = run through obstacles) is an interesting and really natural activity. Hurdle run is a test of speed (hurdle run is a sprint run), strength (hurdle clearance = hurdle “jumps”), coordination (rhythm, balance), flexibility and a lot of mental (courage). Methodology. In this experiment participated 33 girls from Polish primary school aged 12 years. In order to choose the adequate equipment for teaching hurdle run we settled on banana cardboard boxes (50x40x24cm). Within the period of 10 weeks we organized physical education lessons (2 times a week, 25 minutes were devoted to “hurdle lesson”). Before and after the 10 weeks hurdle preparation period we assessed: motor preparation (acceleration/30 m run, speed/60 m run, speed endurance/180 m run, explosive strength (standing triple jump an medicine ball throw) and special-hurdle abilities (time of 60 m hurdle run, number of steps between hurdles and “technique indicator”). Findings and research outcomes. Ten weeks of “hurdle training” increase time of speed run (60 m - p≤ 0, 01) and hurdle run (p≤0, 05). There were statistical significant differences between the number of stride “pattern” (p≤0, 01), too. Ten weeks of hurdle “training” didn’t change the level of rest of general and special tests. The analysis of correlation shows that hurdle race is a speed and strength athletic event. Practical application. Hurdle race (on initiation/school level) could be an interesting and creative form of physical education. The obstacle sprint run could be a reliable test of physical abilities.&nbsp

Wpływ pandemii i związanych z nią zmian w zachowaniu konsumentów na krótkie łańcuchy dostaw żywności

The aim of the paper is to answer the research question seeking to find out whether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed Polish consumer behaviour with regard to purchasing domestically produced or foreign food and thus has enhanced the attractiveness of short supply chains. Results of an original study developed by the author to compare consumer behaviour (before, during and after the pandemic) with regard to the frequency of purchasing food produced locally and within a given country and refusing to buy products originating from specific countries were used to answer the question. The study considered variables, such as gender, age, education, domicile, number of people in a household, number of dependent children in the household, and the overall material status of respondents. The results have shown that the pandemic significantly altered consumer behaviour by increasing trust in food produced locally or domestically, and increased the frequency of not buying food originating from specific countries. These results provide foundations for more in-depth studies on the deepening of the attractiveness of short supply chains by, inter alia, hybrid enterprises.Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie badawcze „Czy pandemia zmieniła zachowania polskich konsumentów w zakresie chęci nabywania lokalnej i krajowej żywności i czy w związku z tym wzrasta atrakcyjność krótkich łańcuchów dostaw?”. Znalezieniu odpowiedzi na postawione pytanie posłużyły wyniki i analiza badania autorskiego w zakresie porównania (w okresie sprzed i w trakcie trwania pandemii) zachowań konsumentów w odniesieniu do częstotliwości nabywania żywności lokalnej i krajowej oraz niekupowania produktów pochodzących z określonych krajów. W badaniu uwzględniono zmienne takie, jak płeć, wiek, wykształcenie, miejsce zamieszkania, liczba osób w gospodarstwie domowym, posiadanie dzieci na utrzymaniu oraz sytuacja materialna respondentów. Wyniki badania pokazały, że pandemia istotnie zmieniła zachowania konsumenckie w zakresie zwiększenia zaufania do nabywania żywności lokalnej i krajowej oraz częstotliwości niekupowania żywności pochodzącej z określonych krajów. Wyniki badania stanowią podstawę do zgłębienia badania w obszarze wzrostu atrakcyjności krótkich łańcuchów dostaw, m.in. przez przedsiębiorstwa hybrydowe