8 research outputs found
Simulation of optimized bolt tightening strategies for gasketed flanged pipe joints
This paper presents results of detailed non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) of gasketed bolted flange pipe joints (GBFJ) of different sizes (1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20 inch) of 900# pressure class for achieving proper preload close to the target stress values with and without considering yielding at bolt and flange and gasket crushing recommended by ASME and industrial guidelines for optimized performance using customized optimization algorithm. In addition, two strategies TCM (torque control method) and SCM (stretch control method) are used which is a normal practice in the industry
Evaluation of different strategies for induction of chilling tolerance in spring maize using moringa leaf extracts
Spring maize is highly sensitive to low temperatures during the early development of seedlings and to high temperatures during its reproductive stage. Different strategies are being used to minimize the adverse effects of temperature extremes. Therefore, a field
experiment was conducted to enhance the performance of spring hybrid maize by seed priming (3% MLE) and transplanting 20 and 30-day-old seedlings. Seed priming with moringa leaf extract (MLE) significantly enhanced stand establishment in both direct sowing and in transplanting, as indicated by the higher emergence percentage, emergence index, and lower time taken to start of emergence and mean emergence time.
Minimum days from sowing to tasseling and silking were found in MLE primed 20-day-old seedlings grown in a nursery. However, all the agronomic parameters increased considerably with MLE priming of 20-day-old seedlings. Thus, MLE priming reduced chilling damage by improving stand establishment, whereas transplanting 20-day-old seedlings further enhanced the agronomic traits, yield, and quality of maize. However, the performance of maize plants from 30-day-old transplanted seedling and direct sowing
was substandard
Evaluating the potential effect of seed priming techniques in improving germination and root shoot length of maize seed
The present research was
conducted under laboratory conditions. The
purpose of research was to investigate the
potential of priming with press mud, peat
moss, sand, gunny bags, compost, farm yard
manure and moringa leaf extract (MLE) on
seedling growth and germination capacity of
maize seed. Untreated or non-primed seeds
were used as a control treatment. Priming
treatments improved germination capacity,
stand establishment and seedling vigor,
compared with control. Priming with
moringa leaf extract enhance germination
and seedling vigor of maize seed, compared
with the control and other seed primed
treatments. In moringa leaf extract primed
seeds, root and shoot growth was improved.
Overall, moringa leaf extract primed maize
seeds performed better than all other
treatments and it could be related by
seedling vigor enhancement and lowering
the mean germination time, due to
imbibition of higher quantity of water and
earlier enzymatic activity. The results
propose that moringa leaf extract priming
treatment had the potential to enhance
germination, stand establishment and early
growth of maize seeds
Mortality from esophagectomy for esophageal cancer across low, middle, and high-income countries: An international cohort study.
BACKGROUND
No evidence currently exists characterising global outcomes following major cancer surgery, including esophageal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise impact of high income countries (HIC) versus low and middle income countries (LMIC) on the outcomes following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.
METHOD
This international multi-center prospective study across 137 hospitals in 41 countries included patients who underwent an esophagectomy for esophageal cancer, with 90-day follow-up. The main explanatory variable was country income, defined according to the World Bank Data classification. The primary outcome was 90-day postoperative mortality, and secondary outcomes were composite leaks (anastomotic leak or conduit necrosis) and major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade III - V). Multivariable generalized estimating equation models were used to produce adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS
Between April 2018 to December 2018, 2247 patients were included. Patients from HIC were more significantly older, with higher ASA grade, and more advanced tumors. Patients from LMIC had almost three-fold increase in 90-day mortality, compared to HIC (9.4% vs 3.7%, pâŻ<âŻ0.001). On adjusted analysis, LMIC were independently associated with higher 90-day mortality (OR: 2.31, CI: 1.17-4.55, pâŻ=âŻ0.015). However, LMIC were not independently associated with higher rates of anastomotic leaks (OR: 1.06, CI: 0.57-1.99, pâŻ=âŻ0.9) or major complications (OR: 0.85, CI: 0.54-1.32, pâŻ=âŻ0.5), compared to HIC.
CONCLUSION
Resections in LMIC were independently associated with higher 90-day postoperative mortality, likely reflecting a failure to rescue of these patients following esophagectomy, despite similar composite anastomotic leaks and major complication rates to HIC. These findings warrant further research, to identify potential issues and solutions to improve global outcomes following esophagectomy for cancer
Observation of Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a Compact Object and a Neutron Star
International audienceWe report the observation of a coalescing compact binary with component masses and (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The gravitational-wave signal GW230529_181500 was observed during the fourth observing run of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detector network on 2023 May 29 by the LIGO Livingston Observatory. The primary component of the source has a mass less than at 99% credibility. We cannot definitively determine from gravitational-wave data alone whether either component of the source is a neutron star or a black hole. However, given existing estimates of the maximum neutron star mass, we find the most probable interpretation of the source to be the coalescence of a neutron star with a black hole that has a mass between the most massive neutron stars and the least massive black holes observed in the Galaxy. We estimate a merger rate density of for compact binary coalescences with properties similar to the source of GW230529_181500; assuming that the source is a neutron star-black hole merger, GW230529_181500-like sources constitute about 60% of the total merger rate inferred for neutron star-black hole coalescences. The discovery of this system implies an increase in the expected rate of neutron star-black hole mergers with electromagnetic counterparts and provides further evidence for compact objects existing within the purported lower mass gap