2 research outputs found
Isotopic characteristics of the Garonne River and its tributaries
The Garonne is the largest river in the south-west of France, and its drainage basin stretches between
the Pyrenees and the Massif Central mountains. Until now, no water stable isotope study has been
performed on the whole Garonne river basin which is composed of different geological substrata,
and where the water resources are limited during the dry summer period. This study focuses on the
Garonne river and its tributaries from the Pyre´ne´es foothill upstream to its confluence with the Lot
River downstream. The aim of the study is to determine the origins of the surface waters using their
chemical and stable isotopic compositions (18O, D and 13C), to better understand their circulation
within the drainage basin and to assess the anthropogenic influences. The Garonne displays a
specific 18O seasonal effect, and keeps its Pyre´nean characteristics until its confluence with the Tarn
River. The difference in the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) comes mainly from the change in
lithology between the Pyre´ne´es and the Massif Central mountains. Agriculture activity is only
detected in the small tributaries
Stable carbon isotope evidence for nitrogenous fertilizer impact on carbonate weathering in a small agricultural watershed
The isotopic signature of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), δ13CDIC, has been investigated in the surface waters of a small agricultural catchment on calcareous substratum, MontoussĂŠ, located at AuradĂŠ (southâwest France). The MontoussĂŠ catchment is subjected to intense farming (wheat/sunflower rotation) and a moderated application of nitrogenous fertilizers. During the nitrification of the NH4 +, supplied by fertilization, nitrate and H+ ions are produced in the soil. This anthropogenic acidity is combined with the natural acidity due to carbonic acid in weathering processes. From an isotopic point of view, with ânatural weatheringâ, using carbonic acid, δ13CDIC is intermediate between the δ13C of soil CO2 produced by organic matter oxidation and that of the carbonate rocks, while it has the same value as the carbonates when carbonic acid is substituted by another acid like nitric acid derived from nitrogen fertilizer. The δ13CDIC values range from â17.1â° to â10.7â° in MontoussĂŠ stream waters. We also measured the δ13C of calcareous molassic deposits (average â7.9â°) and of soil organic carbon (between â24.1â° and â26â°) to identify the different sources of DIC and to estimate their contribution. The δ13CDIC value indicates that weathering largely follows the carbonic acid pathway at the springs (sources of the stream). At the outlet of the basin, H+ ions, produced during the nitrification of Nâfertilizer, also contribute to weathering, especially during flood events. This result is illustrated by the relationship between δ13CDIC and the molar ratio NO3 â/(Ca2+ + Mg2+). Consequently, when the contribution of nitrate increases, the δ13CDIC increases towards the calcareous endâmember. This new isotopic result provides evidence for the direct influence of nitrogen fertilizer inputs on weathering, CO2 consumption and base cation leaching and confirms previous results obtained using the chemistry of the major ions present in the field, and in soil column experiments