What do we (need to) know about low-susceptibility of codling moth against Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV)!

In 2005, the first codling moth (CM) populations with a reduced susceptibility to Cydia pomonella granulovi-rus (CpGV) products have been observed. This phenomenon might be an indicator of an emerging resis-tance of CM to CpGV. This paper summarizes some aspects of CM CpGV interaction and discusses poten-tial mechanisms in the host virus interaction, which could contribute to the observed low susceptibility. In order to develop and implement successful resistance management strategies, much more knowledge about the plasticity of CM CpGV interaction and the diversity of CM populations is essential

What do we (need to) know about low-susceptibility of codling moth against Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV)!

In 2005, the first codling moth (CM) populations with a reduced susceptibility to Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) products have been observed. This phenomenon might be an indicator of an emerging resistance of CM to CpGV. This paper summarizes some aspects of CM CpGV interaction and discusses potential mechanisms in the host virus interaction, which could contribute to the observed low susceptibility. In order to develop and implement successful resistance management strategies, much more knowledge about the plasticity of CM CpGV interaction and the diversity of CM populations is essential

On the divisibility of characteristic classes of non-oriented surface bundles

In this note we introduce a construction which assigns to an arbitrary manifold bundle its fiberwise orientation covering. This is used to show that the zeta classes of unoriented surface bundles are not divisible in the stable range.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in Topology and its Applications. v2: changes in expositio

In the user's eyes we find trust: Using gaze data as a predictor or trust in an artifical intelligence

Trust is essential for our interactions with others but also with artificial intelligence (AI) based systems. To understand whether a user trusts an AI, researchers need reliable measurement tools. However, currently discussed markers mostly rely on expensive and invasive sensors, like electroencephalograms, which may cause discomfort. The analysis of gaze data has been suggested as a convenient tool for trust assessment. However, the relationship between trust and several aspects of the gaze behaviour is not yet fully understood. To provide more insights into this relationship, we propose a exploration study in virtual reality where participants have to perform a sorting task together with a simulated AI in a simulated robotic arm embedded in a gaming. We discuss the potential benefits of this approach and outline our study design in this submission.Comment: Workshop submission of a proposed research project at TRAIT 2023 (held at CHI2023 in Hamburg

Offline and Online Environments as Fields of Integrated Research Designs

Die zunehmende Nutzung von Online-Kommunikationskanälen vereinfacht nicht nur den alltäglichen, zwischenmenschlichen Austausch, sondern eröffnet auch der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschung neue Möglichkeiten. Gleichzeitig stehen Chancen wie der Reichweitenerhöhung von Forschungsaktivitäten auch Herausforderungen bspw. im Bereich der Validität gegenüber. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, ob sich diese Nachteile durch die methodologisch fundierte Kombination von Offline- und Online-Umgebungen kompensieren lassen. Anhand eines Forschungsszenarios werden drei verschiedene Designs konzipiert, die auf genau diese Herausforderung eingehen. Dazu wird eine Mixed Methods Perspektive eingenommen, um verschiedene Möglichkeiten aufzuzeigen, die einzelne Schwächen der Methoden adäquat ausgleichen oder sogar Synergieeffekte erzielen.The increasing usage of online communication channels is not only simplifying the everyday interpersonal exchange of information, but also opens up new possibilities for the educational science research. Concurrently, the chances of increasing reach of research activities are in opposition to challenges, e.g. the field of validity. For these reasons, the article follows the questions whether these disadvantages can be compensated by methodologically rigorous combinations of offline and online environments. Based on a potential research scenario, three different research designs are devised to exactly address the aforementioned challenges. Thereto, a mixed methods perspective is used to display several possibilities that appropriately compensate specific weaknesses of the empirical methods or even achieve synergy effects

On (Educational) Justice in the Context of Digital Collective Negotiation Processes on Sustainable Development

Der Beitrag befragt den Konnex und die Interdependenz von Nachhaltigkeit, Digitalität und (Bildungs-)Gerechtigkeit grundlagentheoretisch und diskutiert auf Basis medienpädagogischer Perspektiven Konsequenzen für kollektive Aushandlungsprozesse zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Im Zentrum steht die Frage nach den Wesenszügen der drei relational zu denkenden Begriffe und welche Konsequenzen aus dieser Konstellation für die Gestaltung gerechter und nachhaltiger Bildungserfahrungen in einer Kultur der Digitalität resultieren. Es werden drei Topografien entwickelt, die unterschiedliche Akzentuierungen des Konnexes von Digitalität, Nachhaltigkeit und Bildungsgerechtigkeit vornehmen. Hinsichtlich der kontrovers diskutierten Begriffsbestimmungen von Gerechtigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit werden Grundpositionen systematisch entfaltet und die aus diesen Positionen zu ziehenden Konsequenzen für den Konnex und die Interdependenz skizziert. Insbesondere wird das Spannungsverhältnis von Gleichheit und Gerechtigkeit verhandelt und es wird die Schwierigkeit der Bestimmung diskutiert, was Nachhaltigkeit sei unter dem Einbezug der Konzepte der schwachen und der starken Nachhaltigkeit. Die Argumentation kulminiert in der These, die Nutzung digitaler Medien und ihrer Infrastrukturen für Nachhaltigkeit und Gerechtigkeit auf ein notwendiges Minimum zu begrenzen und in diesem Rahmen so viele Kontexte für Medienbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung wie nötig zu schaffen.The contribution explores the connection and interdependence of sustainability, digitality and (educational) justice from a fundamental theoretical perspective and discusses consequences for collective negotiation processes on sustainable development based on media education perspectives. The focus is on the characteristics of the three terms. The terms are to be thought of relationally, and what consequences result from this constellation for designing just and sustainable educational experiences in a culture of digitality. Three topographical have been developed, each with a different accentuation of the connection between digitality, sustainability and educational equity. Concerning the controversially discussed definitions of justice and sustainability, basic positions are systematically unfolded, and the consequences to be drawn from these positions for the connection and interdependence are outlined. In particular, the tension between equality and justice is negotiated, and the difficulty of determining what sustainability is discussed, considering the concepts of weak and strong sustainability. Finally, the argumentation culminates in the thesis that the use of digital media and their infrastructures for sustainability and justice should be limited to a minimum. Furthermore, as many contexts of media education as necessary for sustainable development within this framework should be created

Offline and Online Environments as Fields of Integrated Research Designs

Die zunehmende Nutzung von Online-Kommunikationskanälen vereinfacht nicht nur den alltäglichen, zwischenmenschlichen Austausch, sondern eröffnet auch der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschung neue Möglichkeiten. Gleichzeitig stehen Chancen wie der Reichweitenerhöhung von Forschungsaktivitäten auch Herausforderungen bspw. im Bereich der Validität gegenüber. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, ob sich diese Nachteile durch die methodologisch fundierte Kombination von Offline- und Online-Umgebungen kompensieren lassen. Anhand eines Forschungsszenarios werden drei verschiedene Designs konzipiert, die auf genau diese Herausforderung eingehen. Dazu wird eine Mixed Methods Perspektive eingenommen, um verschiedene Möglichkeiten aufzuzeigen, die einzelne Schwächen der Methoden adäquat ausgleichen oder sogar Synergieeffekte erzielen.The increasing usage of online communication channels is not only simplifying the everyday interpersonal exchange of information, but also opens up new possibilities for the educational science research. Concurrently, the chances of increasing reach of research activities are in opposition to challenges, e.g. the field of validity. For these reasons, the article follows the questions whether these disadvantages can be compensated by methodologically rigorous combinations of offline and online environments. Based on a potential research scenario, three different research designs are devised to exactly address the aforementioned challenges. Thereto, a mixed methods perspective is used to display several possibilities that appropriately compensate specific weaknesses of the empirical methods or even achieve synergy effects

The COMT p.Val158Met Polymorphism and Cognitive Performance in Adult Development, Healthy Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background: The impact of genetic polymorphisms on cognition is assumed to increase with age as losses of brain resources have to be compensated for. We investigate the relation of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) p.Val158Met polymorphism and cognitive capacity in the course of adult development, healthy aging and the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in two birth cohorts of subjects born between 1930 and 1932 or between 1950 and 1952. Methods: Thorough neuropsychological assessment was conducted in a total of 587 participants across three examination waves between 1993 and 2008. The COMT genotype was determined as a restriction fragment length polymorphism after PCR amplification and digestion with Nla III. Results: Significant effects of the COMT p.Val158Met polymorphism were identified for attention and cognitive flexibility in the younger but not the older cohort. Conclusion: These results confirm the importance of the COMT p.Val158Met genotype on tasks assessing attention and cognitive flexibility in midlife but not in healthy aging and the development of MCI. Our findings suggest that the influence of COMT changes as a function of age, decreasing from midlife to aging