Paramater on Maternal Delivery Referral Process

Introduction: The rate of maternal mortality in Indonesia according to 2002–2003 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) was 307 per 100,000 live births. The direct causes of maternal deaths, among others, are prolonged labor, hemorrhage, infection, and preeclampsia. Referral system includes referring responsibility to better facilitated healthcare sites to obtain more adequate services. However, maternal referral process in Banjar District still faces some problems such as referral health providers with inadequate skills of handling emergency cases, insufficient means of transportation, and no referral letter or partograph. Usually, when referred, the pregnant woman is only accompanied by her family so that she is brought to the referral site without being equipped with infusion. The objective of the study was to evaluate the parameter of maternal delivery referral in Ratu Zalekha Martapura District Hospital. Method: This study used observational study with a cross-sectional study design using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Samples were 107 delivering women referred to hospitals selected with non probability sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square (χ) and logistic regression test. Result: Quality maternal referral process resulted in healthy women 78.8%. Post delivery women's health was greater in quality maternal referral process (RP = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.28–3.52). Normal delivery had an opportunity towards post delivery women's health (RP = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.13–2.20). In addition, time needed to reach the referral sites and referral birth attendants were significantly associated with maternal referral process (p = 0.002 and p = 0.002). Meanwhile, women's condition when referred was insignificant statistically. Discussion: Quality maternal referral process could likely improve post delivery women's health.Normal delivery affected the women's health condition

Nano-confined synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous carbon and its performance as electrode material for electrochemical behavior of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and dopamine

Highly ordered mesoporous carbon (MC) has been synthesized from sucrose, a non-toxic and costeffective source of carbon. X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) were used to characterize the MC. The XRD patterns show the formation of highly ordered mesoporous structures of SBA15 and mesoporous carbon. The N2 adsorptiondesorption isotherms suggest that the MC exhibits a narrow pore-size distribution with high surface area of 1559 m2/g. The potential application of MC as a novel electrode material was investigated using cyclic voltammetry for riboflavin (vitamin B2) and dopamine. MC-modified glassy carbon electrode (MC/GC) shows increase in peak current compared to GC electrode in potassium ferricyanide which clearly suggest that MC/GC possesses larger electrode area (1.8 fold) compared with bare GC electrode. The electrocatalytic behavior of MC/GC was investigated towards the oxidation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and dopamine using cyclic voltammetry which show larger oxidation current compared to unmodified electrode and thus MC/GC may have the potential to be used as a chemically modified electrode

Uji Diagnostik Kriteria Baru Demam Reumatik

More than 40 years ago T. Duckett Jones published a set of guidelines for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever that became known as the Jones criteria. The criteria became widely used throughout the world and provided a uniform diagnostic reference for national and international epidemiologic, prevention and treatment studies. Although the basic concepts proposed by Jones have been retained, modifications of the original criteria should be done to simplify the criteria in order to be used as a diagnostic tool at the primary health care, type D and C hospitals and for surveillance. These new simple diagnostic instruments should have good sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values using Jones criteria as gold standard. Eight criteria have been considered as a new simple \u27diagnostic instrument, with various sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values. The optimum result of this diagnostic test is in the eight criteria, i. e. the criteria of specific murmur. Key Words: rheumatic fever -- cardiomegaly -- heart failure -- Jones criteria -- specific murmu

Chemical and biological investigations of Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.

U radu je opisana izolacija pet sastojaka petroleterske i diklormetanske frakcije metanolnog ekstrakta kore biljke Delonix regia: lupeol (1), epilupeol (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) i p-metoksibenzaldehid (5). Nadalje, testirano je antimikrobno djelovanje različitih ekstrakata difuzijskom metodom na disku (15 μg mm2). Zone inhibicije za sastojke topljive u petroleteru, tetraklormetanu i diklormetanu bile su 914 mm, 1113 mm, odnosno 920 mm, dok je zona inhibicije standarda kanamicina bila 2025 mm. U biološkom pokusu smrtnosti morskih kozica najveću toksičnost pokazali su spojevi topljivi u tetraklormetanu (LC50 = 0,83 μg mL1), dok je topljivost sastojaka topljivih u petroleteru i diklormetanu bila LC50 14,94, odnosno 3,29 μg mL1, a standarda vinkristin sulfata 0,812 μg mL1. Ovo je prvo izvješće o izolaciji sastojaka, antimikrobnom djelovanju i citotoksičnosti biljke D. regia.In this study five compounds, lupeol (1), epilupeol (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) and p-methoxybenzaldehyde (5) were isolated from the petroleum ether and dichloromethane fractions of a methanolic extract of the stem bark of Delonix regia. Antimicrobial screening of the different extracts (15 μg mm2) was conducted by disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition demonstrated by the petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride and dichloromethane fractions ranged from 914 mm, 1113 mm and 920 mm, respectively, compared to kanamycin standard with the zone of inhibition of 2025 mm. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials demonstrated the highest toxicity with LC50 of 0.83 μg mL1, while petroleum ether and dichloromethane soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed LC50 of 14.94 and 3.29 μg mL1, respectively, in comparison with standard vincristine sulphate with LC50 of 0.812 μg mL1. This is the first report on compounds separation from D. regia, their antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android terhadap Hasil Belajar dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa

Abad 21 memiliki banyak perubahan salah satunya dalam bidang Pendidikan dan teknologi, pendidik dituntut untuk menguasai teknologi guna menunjang pembelajaran yakni dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran seperti media pembelajaran berbasis android, penggunaan media pembelajaran tidak lepas dari kaitannya untuk mengembangkan ranah sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis android terhadap hasil belajar dan keterampilan proses sains serta perbedaan pengaruhnya terhadap indikator keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas XI di SMAN 10 Mataram. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dan non-equivalent control group design dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI MIPA di SMAN 10 Mataram dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga terpilih kelas XI MIPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI MIPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol. pengumpulan data hasil belajar menggunakan soal pilihan ganda dan keterampilan proses sains menggunakan soal essay, kemudian dianalisis dengan analysis of covariance (anacova). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis android terhadap hasil belajar dan keterampilan proses sains serta terdapat perbedaan pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis android pada tiap indikator keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas XI di SMAN 10 Mataram

Gravitational Aeration Tower Filter System to Increase the Dissolved Oxygen Amount for Iron Removal in Groundwater

This paper discusses the Gravitational Aeration Tower Filter System (GATS) aims to increase the amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) for iron removal in groundwater. The groundwater is mostly used in remote areas. The presence of a large volume of iron contained in the groundwater will subject to water contamination besides limiting the lifespan of existing water to filter the contaminants. Pre-treatment systems i.e., aeration technique is often used to lower the amount of iron ​​contained in the groundwater. One of the proposed aeration techniques i.e., the GATS has been designed in this work. The GATS is tested to observe its effectiveness to increase the DO and iron removal in the water. The area of study is conducted in Kampung Majid Ibrahim, Simpang Renggam. The initial value of the iron in the tubewell is between 1.4 mg/l to 2.3 mg/l, which has exceeded the limit standard of 0.3 mg/l. Data collection is carried out in-situ testing using AQUAREAD AP2000 and Hanna High Iron Checker. The flow rate through the GATS is fixed to 5.5 L/min, with air parameters are varied. The results of the GATS test demonstrate the DO percentage increases up to 90.50 % and the percentage of iron removal is up to 10.24% with the airflow of 1.0 L/min

Adolescent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Mimicking Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma​

We hereby present a 14-year-old teenage male who complained of painless neck swelling. Nasoendoscopy then discovered a huge lobulated angry-looking mass occluding the entire left posterior choana, hence a provisional diagnosis of juvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA) was made and biopsy was not immediately undertaken. Subsequent computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a large heterogenous mass at the left nasopharyngeal region extending to the oropharynx and posterior choana. Though the left sphenopalatine foramen was not widened, the mass was seen minimally extending into it. Given the patient’s age, size and location of the mass, combined clinical and radiological diagnosis concluded JNA as the primary diagnosis and endoscopic excision of the mass was planned. However, he presented about 1 month later in casualty with right nasal epistaxis whereby repeated nasoendoscopy showed a larger mass extending to the right nasopharynx with contact bleeding. The tissue biopsy performed was complicated with significant bleeding, further validating the suspicion of JNA. Histopathological diagnosis otherwise revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. The patient otherwise showed good response to chemoradiation. JNA is a rare benign but locally aggressive vascular tumor of nasopharynx which occurs almost exclusively in pediatric or adolescent population. NPC on the other hand, although rare in children; has a predilection for adolescents. Since the treatment approach for NPC and JNA varies greatly, it is crucial to distinguish between the two conditions on radiological imaging. JNA arises from sphenopalatine foramen though both tend to exhibit some bony changes. An endoscopic endonasal approach with optional pre-operative embolization is the treatment option for JNA as opposed to chemoradiation for NPC. We would like to highlight that age is not a dependent risk factor in any malignancy, particularly NPC. When the clinical manifestations of NPC and JNA are similar, NPC diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion followed by imaging; regardless of age

The translation and validation of the smartphone use questionnaire (SUQ) into the Malay language

Interruptions caused by frequent smartphone use steals attention away from daily activities, bringing serious implications onto an individual’s health, safety and education. Smartphone Use Questionnaire (SUQ) is a 20-item questionnaire developed to assess the pattern of smartphone use and its effect on attention. This study was done to translate and validate the Malay-language version of the SUQ and to measure the psychometric properties of the Malay-version SUQ to justify its use in Malaysia. A forward and back-translation was done by four individuals, who were three physicians and one linguist. Content and face validity was done involving three experts who were a linguist, psychiatrist and epidemiologist. Psychometric testing was conducted on a sample of 195 individuals proficient in the Malay language. A construct validity test was performed using factor analysis and the internal reliability was tested by calculating for the Cronbach’s Alpha. The age range of the sample was 13-59 years, most of which were female and of the Malay race. Using principal component analysis with direct oblimin rotation, the factor analysis extracted two components similar to the original study: General Use and Absent-Minded Use. However, question number 20 was grouped into General Use component, whereas in the original study it was under the Absent-Minded Use component. The Cronbach’s Alpha for the obtained components was 0.884 and 0.927, respectively. This study found that the Malay-version SUQ was a valid and reliable instrument for use in Malaysia in assessing inattention associated with smartphone use