Physical Hydraulics Model And Computational Fluid Dynamics Of Sg. Belibis Pump Sump

Pump sump are widely used for various applications like irrigation, electric cooling tower and water supply. Improving performance in sump is needed to prolong the lifespan of a pump due to high maintenance costs, vibration and cavitation that affected by uneven flow, air entrainment, pre swirl and vortices. This research aims to study of the physical modelling and a commercial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) as a design optimization tool for pump sump. Unacceptable flow characteristics for instance are free surface vortex and sub subsurface vortex and swirl in the pump sump physical model are identified in physical modelling tests. Based on the concerns stated, the method of mitigation are taking into consideration in order to improve the hydraulic performance in pump sump. The block buffer wall was proposed in this reasearch. A simulation model of sump intake have been developed and validated the numerical simulation software by FLUENT ™ 6.2 software. Experimental and numerical study of hydraulic model investigates the flow characteristics in the pump sump. The model features four pumps (7.91 L/s for all pumps) with a total of 12 cases of study were analyzed and determined. Different values of water level (1.8m, 0.2m, and 0.30m) and pump flow rate (15L/s, 20L/s, and 25L/s) were conducted. Velocity measurements at the dividing cross section were obtained by an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV), pump flow rate by flow meter (Dyna Handheld Transit Time Ultrasonic Flow Meters) and swirl angle in the suction intakes were measured by a vortimeter. The application of block buffer wall show an excellent feedback as it gave a better flow distribution in the sump. The formation on surface vortex are reduced from in range Type 4 to 5 to surface vortex in range Type 1 to 2 compared to wall fillet and floor splitter used. Furthermore, swirl angle for block buffer wall are reduced from12.4 ˚ to 2.8˚ compared to without block buffer wall. The relative error between experimental and CFD showed acceptable results with the higher value for case 3 is 20.3%, Case 6 is 13.1%, and Case 9 is 11.8%. Therefore the results considered acceptable in range less than 30%. Hence, this means CFD can be used as tool for predicting, designing and analysing for turbulence case. As parts of the objective in this reasearch was to propose modifications to reduce or eliminate the flow unacceptable, buffer block wall showing good effect as other modifications

Unlawful occupation of state land in Malaysia and its implications

This paper discusses the unlawful occupation of State land in Malaysia and its implications. This paper identifies the types and the nature of unlawful occupation of State land or Government land. The study is to provide an overview and descriptive analysis of the situation and the efforts done by the local authorities in addressing the issues. It then discusses several cases of unlawful occupation of State land by drawing examples from cases involving illegal factories and illegal farming from different states in Malaysia. Most of the illegal operators tend to occupy government land without permission of the owner i.e. the government. The study identified the main adverse effects of illegal encroachment on state land are in term of the loss of state revenue and the adverse environmental effect to the surrounding area. Cases of the illegal occupation of state land like in Cameron Highland in Pahang and Tapah in Perak have led to landslide and flood that effect the surrounding residential areas and the town of Cameron Highland1, 2. The state governments in Selangor, Perak and Pahang have applied various enforcement methods in addressing the problems. However, the issues remain unsolved as most of these activities were done in the remote location of rural and forest areas. It is hoped that the discussion will provide positive input in providing some guidelines and solution to the issue of illegal encroachment on state land in Malaysia

Kerangka konsep keluarga Malaysia dalam mencapai kesejahteraan

Dalam era globalisasi ini, dapat dilihat terdapat peningkatan kes dalam isu-isu membabitkan masalah institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam kes perceraian, keganasan rumah tangga dan penderaan kanak-kanak di Malaysia yang merekodkan peningkatan yang luar biasa pada tahun 2020. Lembaga Pembangunan Penduduk dan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN) telah melaporkan Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia pada tahun 2019 masih kekal pada tahap sederhana iaitu 7.72. Terdapat pelbagai aspek yang perlu dikaji dalam pengurusan konflik rumah tangga bagi mencapai kesejahteraan keluarga sejajar dengan matlamat konsep keluarga Malaysia. Justeru, penulisan kertas konsep (conceptual paper) ini memberi tumpuan kepada kerangka konsep keluarga Malaysia sebagai satu kaedah mengatasi konflik rumah tangga. Metod kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kajian kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kertas kerja konsep (concept paper) dengan penggunaan teknik analisis konsep. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat tiga konsep utama dalam keluarga Malaysia iaitu keterangkuman, kebersamaan dan kesyukuran yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam sesebuah keluarga bagi mengatasi dan mencegah konflik yang berlaku. Kesejahteraan keluarga amatlah penting dalam menggapai kesejahteraan kendiri setiap diri ahlinya dalam merealisasikan proses pembangunan negara. Oleh itu, kajian ini amatlah penting sebagai garis panduan kepada badan bertanggungjawab di Malaysia dalam memacu dan melahirkan keluarga sejahtera

Estimation of turbidity in water treatment plant using hammerstein-wiener and neural network technique

Turbidity is a measure of water quality. Excessive turbidity poses a threat to health and causes pollution. Most of the available mathematical models of water treatment plants do not capture turbidity. A reliable model is essential for effective removal of turbidity in the water treatment plant. This paper presents a comparison of Hammerstein Wiener and neural network technique for estimating of turbidity in water treatment plant. The models were validated using an experimental data from Tamburawa water treatment plant in Kano, Nigeria. Simulation results demonstrated that the neural network model outperformed the Hammerstein-Wiener model in estimating the turbidity. The neural network model may serve as a valuable tool for predicting the turbidity in the plant

Integrasi kaedah geospatial dan pemodelan hidrodinamik untuk mengkaji impakkenaikan aras laut terhadap kawasan pantai

Kawasan pesisir pantai merupakan kawasan yang sangat terdedah dan sensitif kepada pelbagai ancaman terutamanya hakisan dan limpahan yang boleh menyebabkan impak negatif kepada kesejahteraan hidup manusia, persekitaran dan ekosistem. Kawasan pesisir pantai di Batu Pahat, Johor sangat terdedah kepada masalah banjir akibat fenomena air pasang dan sebahagian kawasan pantai lain dikategorikan sebagai kawasan hakisan pantai kritikal. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti impak kenaikan aras laut terhadap komuniti pesisir pantai di Batu Pahat. Dengan menggunakan perisian ArcGIS dan MIKE21, kawasan banjir yang berlaku terhadap penempatan komuniti di pesisir pantai Batu Pahat dapat dikenal pasti dan meramalkan impak masa hadapan. Melalui hasil kajian, kawasan pantai di Batu Pahat mengalami kejadian hakisan pantai yang aktif dan jumlah kadar kehilangan tanah di kawasan tersebut sebanyak 415.7 hektar berbanding dengan kadar pemendapan yang hanya mendapat kira-kira 68.52 hektar. Hasil peta-peta risiko inundasi bagi kenaikan aras laut menunjukkan anggaran seramai 50 hingga 1145 populasi daripada jumlah penduduk seramai 28420 orang akan menerima impak kesan dari kenaikan aras laut pada tahun 2013, 2020 dan 2040. Selain itu, daripada 33 batang jalan raya di kawasan kajian, hanya 1 kawasan akan menghadapi kesan kenaikan aras laut pada tahun 2020 dan 2040. Justeru itu, peta risiko inundasi yang disediakan bagi pantai Batu Pahat amatlah berguna untuk mencegah hakisan pantai dan mengurangkan bencana masa depan

Effects of coastal development on ship manoeuvring and navigation

Coastal development, such as land reclamation or dredging, usually changes the characteristics of the coastal waterway. A common phenomena due to restricted waterway is increase in ship resistance and reduction in manoeuvrability. The restricted water inflow under the vessel, result in increased water velocity under the hull. The increase of the inflow velocity at the rudder may result in the increase of the rudder normal force or create partial vacuum in the region near propeller and rudder. Consequently, manoeuvring of ships may become erratic in this condition. Standard for ship maneuvrabiity have been developed by International Maritime Organization (IMO) to ensure safe navigation/ship handling operation of ships. The standards provide criteria on the ship turning ability, yaw checking ability, course keeping ability and stopping ability. Where there is uncertainty in the behavior of the vessel especially in restricted waters, the use of numerical simulation for evaluating navigational risks is highly depended upon. In this paper, firstly, the effects on water depths and currents due to coastal development will be described. Secondly, using time domain simulation approach, the manoeuvring characteristics of vessel in two scenarios, i.e. deep and shallow water are discussed. Thirdly, actual simulations demonstrating the risks involved in navigating in a restricted waterway will be demonstrate

Unlawful occupation of state land in Malaysia and its implications

This paper discusses the unlawful occupation of State land in Malaysia and its implications. This paper identifies the types and the nature of unlawful occupation of State land or Government land. The study is to provide an overview and descriptive analysis of the situation and the efforts done by the local authorities in addressing the issues. It then discusses several cases of unlawful occupation of State land by drawing examples from cases involving illegal factories and illegal farming from different states in Malaysia. Most of the illegal operators tend to occupy government land without permission of the owner i.e. the government. The study identified the main adverse effects of illegal encroachment on state land are in term of the loss of state revenue and the adverse environmental effect to the surrounding area. Cases of the illegal occupation of state land like in Cameron Highland in Pahang and Tapah in Perak have led to landslide and flood that effect the surrounding residential areas and the town of Cameron Highland1, 2. The state governments in Selangor, Perak and Pahang have applied various enforcement methods in addressing the problems. However, the issues remain unsolved as most of these activities were done in the remote location of rural and forest areas. It is hoped that the discussion will provide positive input in providing some guidelines and solution to the issue of illegal encroachment on state land in Malaysia

Kerangka Konsep Keluarga Malaysia dalam Mencapai Kesejahteraan

Dalam era globalisasi ini, dapat dilihat terdapat peningkatan kes dalam isu-isu membabitkan masalah institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam kes perceraian, keganasan rumah tangga dan penderaan kanak-kanak di Malaysia yang merekodkan peningkatan yang luar biasa pada tahun 2020. Lembaga Pembangunan Penduduk dan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN) telah melaporkan Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia pada tahun 2019 masih kekal pada tahap sederhana iaitu 7.72. Terdapat pelbagai aspek yang perlu dikaji dalam pengurusan konflik rumah tangga bagi mencapai kesejahteraan keluarga sejajar dengan matlamat konsep keluarga Malaysia. Justeru, penulisan kertas konsep (conceptual paper) ini memberi tumpuan kepada kerangka konsep keluarga Malaysia sebagai satu kaedah mengatasi konflik rumah tangga. Metod kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kajian kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kertas kerja konsep (concept paper) dengan penggunaan teknik analisis konsep. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat tiga konsep utama dalam keluarga Malaysia iaitu keterangkuman, kebersamaan dan kesyukuran yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam sesebuah keluarga bagi mengatasi dan mencegah konflik yang berlaku. Kesejahteraan keluarga amatlah penting dalam menggapai kesejahteraan kendiri setiap diri ahlinya dalam merealisasikan proses pembangunan negara. Oleh itu, kajian ini amatlah penting sebagai garis panduan kepada badan bertanggungjawab di Malaysia dalam memacu dan melahirkan keluarga sejahtera

Integration of Geospatial Method and Hydrodynamic Modelling to Study the Impact of Sea Level Rise on the Coastal Area

Coastal areas are highly vulnerable and sensitive to various threat; especially erosion and floods that can have a negative impact on the wellbeing of humans, the environment and ecosystems. Coastal areas in Batu Pahat, Johor are particularly vulnerable to flooding due to the phenomenon of tides, and some of these areas have been categorized as critical coastal erosion areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of a sea level rise on the coastal community in Batu Pahat. Through the use of ArcGIS and MIKE21 software, the occurrence of floods in community settlements on the coast of Batu Pahat can be identified and predicted as to their future impact. Through this study, it was learned that the coastal areas in Batu Pahat have experienced active erosion, and the total land loss in the area has been 415.7 hectares compared to a sedimentation of only 68.52 hectares. The results of the inundation risk maps for sea levels show that an estimated population of 50 to 1,145 persons out of a total population of 28,420 will experience the impact of the predicted rise in sea levels in 2013, 2020 and 2040. Besides that, out of 33 roads in the study area, only one area will be affected by the sea level rise in 2020 and 2040, respectively. Therefore, the inundation risk map prepared for the Batu Pahat coast is mainly useful for preventing the erosion of the shoreline and for future disaster mitigation

Kritikan liberalisme terhadap institusi Islam dalam wacana negara sekular: satu penelitian awal

Liberal ideology seems to be spreading in the Muslim world. One of the criteria of liberalism is challenging and rejecting the established institution that is seen to control the religious understanding and how to interpret it. In Malaysia, one of the established institutions that become the object of criticism and attack of the liberalists is the religious authority. This is very serious matter that requires immediate solution and proper explanation so that the religious institution in Malaysia is well-maintained. This article employs the qualitative methodology in which content and textual analysis technic is applied on the written and electronic materials that include the liberalists’ arguments and comments against the religious institutions of Malaysia. Findings reveal that there are continuous efforts made by liberalist groups to eliminate religious institutions of Malaysia as they subscribe to the concept of secular state which marginalizes the role of religion