What makes it so hard to look and to listen? Exploring the use of the Cognitive and Affective Supervisory Approach with children’s social work managers

This paper reports on the findings of an ESRC-funded Knowledge Exchange project designed to explore the contribution of an innovative approach to supervision to social work practitioners’ assessment and decision-making practices. The Cognitive and Affective Supervisory Approach (CASA) is informed by cognitive interviewing techniques originally designed to elicit best evidence from witnesses and victims of crime. Adapted here for use in childcare social work supervision contexts, this model is designed to enhance the quantity and quality of information available for decision-making. Facilitating the reporting of both ‘event information’ and ‘emotion information’, it allows a more detailed picture to emerge of events, as recalled by the individual involved, and the meaning they give to them. Practice supervisors from Children’s Services in two local authorities undertook to introduce the CASA into supervision sessions and were supported in this through the provision of regular reflective group discussions. The project findings highlight the challenges for practitioners of ‘detailed looking’ and for supervisors of ‘active listening’. The paper concludes by acknowledging that the CASA’s successful contribution to decision-making is contingent on both the motivation and confidence of supervisors to develop their skills and an organisational commitment to, and resourcing of, reflective supervisory practices and spaces

A Role for the Vacuolating Cytotoxin, VacA, in Colonization and Helicobacter pylori-Induced Metaplasia in the Stomach

Carriage of Helicobacter pylori strains producing more active (s1/i1) forms of VacA is strongly associated with gas-tric adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, we are the first to determine effects of different polymorphic forms of VacA on inflammation and metaplasia in the mouse stomach. Bacteria producing the less active s2/i2 form of VacA colonized mice more efficiently than mutants null for VacA or producing more active forms of it, providing the first evidence of a positive role for the minimally active s2/i2 toxin. Strains producing more active toxin forms induced more severe and extensive metaplasia and in flammation in the mouse stomach than strains producing weakly active (s2/i2) toxin. We also examined the association in humans, controlling for cag PAI status. In human gastric biopsy specimens, the vacA i1 allele was strongly associated with precancerous intestinal metaplasia, with almost complete absence of intestinal metaplasia in subjects infected with i2-type strains, even in a vacA s1, cagA+ background

Cantaloupe : cucumis melo reticulatus: Top Score : temperatures over the storage life and quality

Los objetivos fijados para el presente trabajo fueron reducir las pérdidas postcosecha y alargar el período de conservación de melones var. Top Score, altamente perecederos, así como determinar la composición química, el aporte nutricional y su modificación durante la conservación. Se realizó un ensayo adicional para aprovechar frutos de inferior calidad, elaborando bolitas de melón congeladas. Ensayos efectuados: A. Determinación del momento oportuno de cosecha: se asociaron las características internas con las externas del fruto. Se observó que los parámetros externos a tener en cuenta son, en orden de importancia: grado de desprendimiento del pedúnculo (cicatriz pedúnculo-fruto), características de la red y color. B. Respuesta a distintas condiciones de conservación: B1. Comparación entre las temperaturas: testigo 6 - 10 °C para dos grados de madurez inferior y superior. Los frutos de menor grado de madurez, más sensibles al daño por frío, se conservaron mejor a 10 °C; los de grado de madurez superior, a 6 °C. En ambos casos, el tiempo máximo de conservación fue de 21 días. B2. Comparación de distintas dosis de hipoclorito: testigo, 250 ppm y 500 ppm de cloro activo. Se obtuvo mejor resultado con 500 ppm. En cuanto a composición química y valor nutritivo se destaca el contenido de vitamina C (47 mg%g), altamente superior al de otras variedades. En la elaboración de bolitas congeladas, se obtuvo un producto de buena calidad en cuanto a sus caracteres organolépticos y energéticos, con poca pérdida de vitamina C y ß-carotenos.This work has the objetive to reduce post-harvest losses and to lenghten the storage period of melons var. Top Score, very perishable. Besides, to determine chemical composition, nutritive contribution and its modification during storage. An additional study to be useful fruits of inferior quality was done, elaborating little frozen balls of melon. Studies: A. Determination of harvest opportune date. It was associated internal with external characteristics of the fruit. It was observed that the external parameters to have into account are, in order of importance: loosening peduncle degree (peduncle/fruit cicatrix), net characteristics and color. B. Responce to different storage conditions. B1. Comparison among temperatures: test 6 - 10 °C for two inferior and superior ripening classes. The fruits of less ripening classes, more sensible to damage by cold, were better storaged to 10 °C; those of superior ripening classes to 6 °C, but in both cases, the maximun storage time was of 21 days. B2. Compariason of different hypochlorite doses: test 250 ppm and 500 ppm of active chlorine. It was obtained a better result with 500 ppm. Related chemical composition and nutritive value, it is brought out the vitamin C content (47 mg%g), highly superior to the other varieties. Related little frozen balls processing, it was obtained a good quality product respect energetics, organoleptic characters and few loss of vitamin C and ß-carotenes.Fil: Aranit, Elena V.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Giménez, Adriana B.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Guinle, Viviana C.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Roby, Héctor R.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Llera, Joaquín. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Winter, Patricia L.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agraria

Nectarine cv. aniversario INTA : harvest opportune date : refrigerated storage

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: 1. caracterizar la variedad, realizando determinaciones físicas y químicas en dos momentos de cosecha; 2. determinar el momento oportuno de cosecha para consumo; 3. evaluar la respuesta al uso de dos modalidades de preenfriamiento: aire forzado e inmersión en agua con 200 ppm de cloro activo. En cada cosecha se dividió la muestra según su grado de madurez en: I frutos con menor tamaño y menor cubrimiento de rojo y sus tonos; S frutos con mayor tamaño y mayor cubrimiento de rojo. A la vez, en cada grado de madurez se sometió la mitad de la muestra a preenfriamiento por aire forzado y la restante, por inmersión en agua enfriada con 200 ppm de cloro activo. Conclusiones: • Los frutos en el momento oportuno para cosecha presentan las siguientes características: peso: 89 g, calibre: 55 mm peso/calibre: > 1,6 g/mm, presión: 6,7 kgf, sólidos solubles: 9,5°Brix acidez, en ác. cítrico: 0,6 g%g, azúcar/acidez: 16, color de superficie: no < 30 % rojo intenso color de fondo: no >25 % verde amarillento. • La conservación resulta adecuada has-ta los 21 días desde cosecha, presentando buenas características con respecto a °Brix, resistencia de pulpa y propiedades organolépticas. • No hay diferencias entre los dos proce-dimientos de preenfriado, en las condi-ciones del ensayo.This work consisted in: 1. to c haracterize th e variety making physical and chemical determinations in two harvest dates; 2. to determine the opportune harvest date for direct consumption; 3. to evaluate the response to the use of two precooling modalities: forced air and inmersion in cold water with 200 ppm of active chlorine. The sample was subdivided according ripening degree, in each one of the conside-red harvest, in: I fruits with smaller size and less covering of red and its tones. S fru its with b ig ger size and b ig ger covering of red. One middle of the sample was sub-mitted, in each ripening degree, to precooling by forced air, and the other middle was submitted to precooling by inmersion in cold water with 200 ppm of active chlorine. The conclusions were: • The opportune harvest date presents the following characteristics: weight: 89 g caliber: 55 mm weight/caliber: > 1,6 g/mm pressure: 6,7 kgf soluble solids: 9,5 °Brix acidity, in citric acid: 0,6 g%g sugar/acidity: 16 superficial color: not < 30 % intense red ground color: not > 25 % yellowish green. • The storage resulted adequate until 21 days from harvest, presenting good characteristics respect to °Brix, pulp resistence and organoleptic characte-ristics. • There was not differences among the two precooling procedures, in the essay conditions.Fil: Roby, Héctor R.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Araniti, Elena V.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Giménez, Adriana B.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Guinle, Viviana C.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Llera, Joaquín. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Winter, Patricia L.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agraria

Melons : Honey Dew, Top Score y Amarello : refrigerated storage and quality

Se estudiaron melones Honey Dew, Top Score y Amarello para: • mejorar la calidad; • alargar el período de conservación; • reducir las pérdidas postcosecha en la conservación; • transferir tecnología al sector productivo. Se realizaron los siguientes ensayos: • determinación del momento oportuno de cosecha; • respuesta a distintas condiciones de conservación; • análisis de la composición química, aporte nutricional y su modificación durante la conservación; • elaboración de bolitas congeladas de melón, como aprovechamiento de descartes. Determinado el momento oportuno de cosecha para cada variedad y ensayadas distintas temperaturas de conservación, se establecieron los tiempos más convenientes de conservación: Variedad Días ° C Honey Dew > 30 16 - 22 Top Score a punto maduro 20 10 20 6 Amarello > 40 20 - 22 Por su valor nutritivo se destaca el Top Score cuyo alto contenido vitamínico supera a las otras variedades, si bien es de difícil conservación. Las bolitas congeladas de melón tienen muy buena calidad organoléptica, son energéticas y experimentan poca pérdida de vitaminas. En cuanto a su conservación, la más conveniente es la congelación con almíbar.The objetives of this work, in Honey Dew, Top Score and Amarello melons, were: • to improve the quality; • to extend the storage period; • to reduce the post-harvest losses; • to transfer the technology developed to the productive sector. It was done the following studies: • determination of the opportune harvest date; • response to different storage conditions; • chemical composition analysis, nutritive contribution and modifi-cation during storage; • elaboration of little frozen balls of melon as utilization of refuses. With the determination of the opportune harvest date for each variety and studies of differents storage temperatures, it was found that the storage times more convenient are: Variety Days ° C Honey Dew > 30 16 - 22 Top Score ripening initiated ripe 20 20 10 6 Amarello > 40 20 - 22 Respect of the nutritive value, it is brought out Top Score variety by its high vitamins content respect to other varieties, although is difficult storage variety. The little frozen balls are very good quality products by their organoleptic characteristics, energetics and with few vitamins lost. About elaboration varyings is more convenient the freezing with sugar sirup.Fil: Guinle, Viviana C.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Giménez, Adriana B.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Araniti, Elena V.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Roby, Héctor R.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Llera, Joaquín. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Winter, Patricia L.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agraria

The Stark effect in linear potentials

We examine the Stark effect (the second-order shift in the energy spectrum due to an external constant force) for two 1-dimensional model quantum mechanical systems described by linear potentials, the so-called quantum bouncer (defined by V(z) = Fz for z>0 and V(z) infinite for z<0) and the symmetric linear potential (given by V(z) = F|z|). We show how straightforward use of the most obvious properties of the Airy function solutions and simple Taylor expansions give closed form results for the Stark shifts in both systems. These exact results are then compared to other approximation techniques, such as perturbation theory and WKB methods. These expressions add to the small number of closed-form descriptions available for the Stark effect in model quantum mechanical systems.Comment: 15 pages. To appear in Eur. J. Phys. Needs Institute of Physics (iopart) style file

Spin-zero anomaly in the magnetic quantum oscillations of a two-dimensional metal

We report on an anomalous behavior of the spin-splitting zeros in the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) signal of a quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor. The zeros as well as the angular dependence of the amplitude of the second harmonic deviate remarkably from the standard Lifshitz-Kosevich (LK) prediction. In contrast, the angular dependence of the fundamental dHvA amplitude as well as the spin-splitting zeros of the Shubnikov-de Haas signal follow the LK theory. We can explain this behavior by small chemical-potential oscillations and find a very good agreement between theory and experiment. A detailed wave-shape analysis of the dHvA signal corroborates the existence of an oscillating chemical potential

Factors predictive of successful retention in care among HIV-infected men in a universal test-and-treat setting in Uganda and Kenya: A mixed methods analysis.

BackgroundPrevious research indicates clinical outcomes among HIV-infected men in sub-Saharan Africa are sub-optimal. The SEARCH test and treat trial (NCT01864603) intervention included antiretroviral care delivery designed to address known barriers to HIV-care among men by decreasing clinic visit frequency and providing flexible, patient-centered care with retention support. We sought to understand facilitators and barriers to retention in care in this universal treatment setting through quantitative and qualitative data analysis.MethodsWe used a convergent mixed methods study design to evaluate retention in HIV care among adults (age &gt; = 15) during the first year of the SEARCH (NCT01864603) test and treat trial. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate predictors of retention in care. Longitudinal qualitative data from n = 190 in-depth interviews with HIV-positive individuals and health care providers were analyzed to identify facilitators and barriers to HIV care engagement.ResultsThere were 1,863 men and 3,820 women who linked to care following baseline testing. Retention in care was 89.7% (95% CI 87.0-91.8%) among men and 89.0% (86.8-90.9%) among women at one year. In both men and women older age was associated with higher rates of retention in care at one year. Additionally, among men higher CD4+ at ART initiation and decreased time between testing and ART initiation was associated with higher rates of retention. Maintaining physical health, a patient-centered treatment environment, supportive partnerships, few negative consequences to disclosure, and the ability to seek care in facilities outside of their community of residence were found to promote retention in care.ConclusionsFeatures of the ART delivery system in the SEARCH intervention and social and structural advantages emerged as facilitators to retention in HIV care among men. Messaging around the health benefits of early ART start, decreasing logistical barriers to HIV care, support of flexible treatment environments, and accelerated linkage to care, are important to men's success in ART treatment programs. Men already benefit from increased social support following disclosure of their HIV-status. Future efforts to shift gender norms towards greater equity are a potential strategy to support high levels of engagement in care for both men and women