A Systematic Review of Entrepreneurial Family: Perspectives and Theoretical

 The research on entrepreneurial family business is increasing from the last decades with different perspectives. The entrepreneurial family researches contributed different ways of conceptualizing the entrepreneurial family business based on highly complex literature reviews. Still, this field is emerging, and potential for further research to fill the gaps in different areas. The current research presented a systematic review based on the period of 2010 to 2020 for understanding family business content and theoretical perspective comprehensively. The study findings highlighted how entrepreneurial family business pursues through different conceptualization and theoretical perspectives. A plethora of study is found on family businesses worldwide based on organizational performance, business ownership, corporate governance, business succession and organizational culture. However, few studies corroborated theories to explain the entrepreneurial family business phenomenon. The theories discussed in this review are resource based view theory, agency theory, stewardship theory, multi and meso level theory and sociological theory for describing the entrepreneurial family business. Moreover, the future direction is also given in this study to fill the potential in this field

Systematic Literature Review of Social Entrepreneurship Phenomenon: Perspectives and Theoretical Lenses

Social entrepreneurship (SE) is an emerging subject in the field of entrepreneurship research since previous years. However, there has been a significant increase in social entrepreneurship research based on multifaceted literature reviews. Still, this field required more research to mature the concept of social entrepreneurship studies with different dimensions. The established SE literature shows a lack of studies classifying this phenomenon through the theoretical and practical lenses. The current study fills the gap by studying practical and theoretical perspectives of social entrepreneurship. This study used a systematic review spanning 2010 to 2020 to understand social entrepreneurship conceptual and theoretical perspectives. Based on the study findings, poverty reduction, economic growth, social innovation, job creation, and social entrepreneurship orientation is the cluster of social entrepreneurship. This study also describes few theories that explained the social entrepreneurship phenomenon, e.g. social capital theory, institutional theory, economic innovation theory, complex and ecosystem theory, holistic theory of individual decision making, and behavioural entrepreneurship theory in different perspectives; despite these theories, a multidimensional theoretical perspective needs to be discussed to explain social entrepreneurship comprehensively. Moreover, future directions are also suggested in this study to fill the potential in this field

Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Tranexamic acid reduces surgical bleeding and reduces death due to bleeding in patients with trauma. Meta-analyses of small trials show that tranexamic acid might decrease deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to assess the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 164 hospitals in 15 countries. Patients were enrolled if the responsible clinician was uncertain whether to use tranexamic acid, were aged above the minimum age considered an adult in their country (either aged 16 years and older or aged 18 years and older), and had significant (defined as at risk of bleeding to death) upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients were randomly assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Patients received either a loading dose of 1 g tranexamic acid, which was added to 100 mL infusion bag of 0·9% sodium chloride and infused by slow intravenous injection over 10 min, followed by a maintenance dose of 3 g tranexamic acid added to 1 L of any isotonic intravenous solution and infused at 125 mg/h for 24 h, or placebo (sodium chloride 0·9%). Patients, caregivers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. The primary outcome was death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation; analysis excluded patients who received neither dose of the allocated treatment and those for whom outcome data on death were unavailable. This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN11225767, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01658124. Findings: Between July 4, 2013, and June 21, 2019, we randomly allocated 12 009 patients to receive tranexamic acid (5994, 49·9%) or matching placebo (6015, 50·1%), of whom 11 952 (99·5%) received the first dose of the allocated treatment. Death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation occurred in 222 (4%) of 5956 patients in the tranexamic acid group and in 226 (4%) of 5981 patients in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 0·99, 95% CI 0·82–1·18). Arterial thromboembolic events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were similar in the tranexamic acid group and placebo group (42 [0·7%] of 5952 vs 46 [0·8%] of 5977; 0·92; 0·60 to 1·39). Venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) were higher in tranexamic acid group than in the placebo group (48 [0·8%] of 5952 vs 26 [0·4%] of 5977; RR 1·85; 95% CI 1·15 to 2·98). Interpretation: We found that tranexamic acid did not reduce death from gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of our results, tranexamic acid should not be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding outside the context of a randomised trial

Energy-related environmental and economic performance analysis of two different types of electrically heated student residence halls

Student residence halls occupy 26% of the total area of a typical university campus in the UK and are directly responsible for 24% of university’s annual CO2 emissions. Based on five years measured data, this paper aims to investigate the energy-related environmental and economic performance of electrically heated residence halls in which space heating is provided by two different types of electric heaters, that is, panel heater (PHT) and storage heater (SHT). Secondly, using statistical and machine learning methods, the paper attempts to investigate the relationship between daily electricity consumption and five factors (ambient temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and type of day). Data analysis revealed that electricity consumption of both halls is mainly driven by ambient temperature only, whereas SHT residence has 39% higher annual electricity bill and emits 70% higher CO2 emissions on a per square metre basis compared to the PHT residence hall

Unveiling femvertising: examining gratitude, consumers attitude towards femvertising and personality traits

AbstractThe raised awareness of women’s rights has resulted in their significant contribution to economic and societal advancement in the contemporary global paradigm. The promotion of female empowerment by various corporations has led to the emergence of femvertising as a significant trend in the media. The current research attempts to empirically examine the relationship between the message involvement of consumers and their attitude towards femvertising. The present study further investigates the potential mediating role of gratitude in the relationship between message involvement and attitude towards femvertising among consumers. Moreover, this study provides additional evidence supporting the notion that gratitude serves as a mediator in the association between feminist consciousness and attitude towards femvertising. In addition, the moderating influence of personality traits, specifically extraversion and agreeableness, on the indirect association between message involvement/feminist consciousness and attitude towards femvertising through the mediating mechanism of gratitude has been tested. The data collection process involved the utilization of a survey instrument, while the hypotheses were subjected to testing through the use of PROCESS macros for SPSS

Pediatric craniopharyngioma with a rare presentation of tooth enamel like structures - a case report

Craniopharyngioma (CP) is a rare tumor accounting for &lt;1% of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. We herein report a case of a 2.5 years old male child &nbsp;diagnosed with supra-sellar tumor on prenatal ultrasound. Histologically, the tumor had tooth enamel like structures, one of the rarest finding in the literature. &nbsp;This case from Pakistan is hereby reported as a seventh such case world-wide. Our patient is a rare presentation of an antenatal diagnosis of CP with World Health Organization (WHO) grade I.</p

Association of workplace support on breastfeeding self-efficacy among working mothers of Attock City

Objective: To find out the association of workplace support on breastfeeding self-efficacy among working mothers of Attock city and the association of breastfeeding self-efficacy with their socio-demographics. Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional study design. Data were gathered from public &amp; private organizations including secondary care hospitals, banks, schools, colleges/universities, and parlors of Attock city. It was a six months’ study from July to September 2021.The study was conducted with 369 working mothers. A consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used. Data was collected by a validated tool, which consisted of two questionnaires: WBBSS (workplace breastfeeding support scale) and BSEF-SF (breastfeeding self-efficacy scale short form) questionnaire. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 20. Pearson Correlation was employed to determine the association between support at the workplace and the self-efficacy of breastfeeding. Results: Statistically significant relationship between workplace support for breastfeeding and maternal self-efficacy (r= 0.375 and p-value= 0.0001). Conclusion: Support at the workplace was significantly related to the self-efficacy of breastfeeding. Further research is required to understand breastfeeding policies at a workstation that increase the self-efficacy of working mothers in attaining their goals of breastfeeding

Impact of environmental factors on COVID-19 cases and mortalities in major cities of Pakistan

Introduction: Climate factors play an important role in the transmission of viruses, such as influenza viruses, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-1. This study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in temperature, humidity, rainfall, and SARS-CoV-2 contagion. Five ecologically and climatically distinct regions were considered—Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar, and Gilgit-Baltistan. Method: Data on daily COVID-19 cases and deaths were retrieved from government officials, while meteorological information was collected from Pakistan Meteorological Department.. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the meteorological factors and COVID-19 cases and deaths. Result: Positive correlation of COVID-19 incidence was observed with all the temperature ranges (maximum, minimum and average) and negative correlation was seen with humidity, DTR and rainfall. COVID-19 deaths were positively associated with temperature and were negatively associated only with humidity. Linear regression showed that for every unit increase in humidity, there was a −3.345 daily significant decrease in COVID-19 cases, while in Karachi for every unit increase in humidity, there remained a 10.104 daily significant increase in cases. In Gilgit-Baltistan, for every unit increase in average temperature and rainfall respectively, significant increases of 0.534 and 1.286 in daily cases were found. Conclusion: This study signifies the effect of climate factors on COVID-19 incidence and mortality rate, but climate factors are not the only variable and several other interlinked factors enhance the spread of COVID-19. Hence, effective mitigation policies, enhancing testing capacities, and developing public attitudes toward adopting precautionary measures are important to overcome this overwhelming pandemic

Energy Consumption Forecasting for University Sector Buildings

Reliable energy forecasting helps managers to prepare future budgets for their buildings. Therefore, a simple, easier, less time consuming and reliable forecasting model which could be used for different types of buildings is desired. In this paper, we have presented a forecasting model based on five years of real data sets for one dependent variable (the daily electricity consumption) and six explanatory variables (ambient temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed, weekday index and building type). A single mathematical equation for forecasting daily electricity usage of university buildings has been developed using the Multiple Regression (MR) technique. Data of two such buildings, located at the Southwark Campus of London South Bank University in London, have been used for this study. The predicted test results of MR model are examined and judged against real electricity consumption data of both buildings for year 2011. The results demonstrate that out of six explanatory variables, three variables; surrounding temperature, weekday index and building type have significant influence on buildings energy consumption. The results of this model are associated with a Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) of 12% for the administrative building and 13% for the academic building. Finally, some limitations of this study have also been discussed