Stability of Gorenstein objects in triangulated categories

Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a triangulated category with a proper class $\xi$ of triangles. Asadollahi and Salarian introduced and studied $\xi$-Gorenstein projective and $\xi$-Gorenstein injective objects, and developed Gorenstein homological algebra in $\mathcal{C}$. In this paper, we further study Gorenstein homological properties for a triangulated category. First, we discuss the stability of $\xi$-Gorenstein projective objects, and show that the subcategory $\mathcal{GP}(\xi)$ of all $\xi$-Gorenstein projective objects has a strong stability. That is, an iteration of the procedure used to define the $\xi$-Gorenstein projective objects yields exactly the $\xi$-Gorenstein projective objects. Second, we give some equivalent characterizations for $\xi$-Gorenstein projective dimension of object in $\mathcal{C}$.Comment: 15page

Analysis on Linguistic Art of Broadcasting in the New Media Era

As the information and communication technology increasingly grows, it is very vital that the new media featuring the internet has blazed a new path for the reform of communication and even the evolution of the whole society. This new era brings opportunities and challenges to traditional media work while facilitating this industry. Efforts should be made to upgrade the broadcasting major in order to meet the requirements of society and the public. This paper aims to explore some problems and difficulties of linguistic art of broadcasting in the new era by analyzing its characters and development trend, so as to ensure the quality of broadcasting programs, and even make sound progress in this era

Local Government Tax Effort in China: an Analysis of Provincial Tax Performance

This paper aims to enhance the understanding of provincial tax performance in China, paying special attention to the recent fiscal reforms in the 1980s and in 1994. Using provincial panel data for the period 1986-2004, our analysis consists of two steps. First, a combined fixed time effects and random provincial effects model is used to analyze the statistical relationship between the tax share in GDP and economic and demographic variables. Results indicate that the decentralized fiscal system over the period 1986¨C1993 has had a positive impact on the tax share in GDP, whereas the recentralized fiscal system in the period 1994-2004 has had a negative impact. Second, provincial tax effort indices are calculated to estimate potential room for additional taxation. The findings from the analysis have important policy implications on the redistribution of fiscal resources as well as on the effectiveness of the tax administration.Tax effort, Tax capacity, Fiscal reforms, Fiscal decentralization

A New Specific Property of Schweizer-Sklard Operators

A new specific property of Schweizer-Sklard operators is discovered that Schweizer-Sklard operations are continued fuzzy operators. The relation between Schweizer-Sklard operators and other Fuzzy operators is analysis. The conclusion that Schweizer-Sklard operations could partly replace other fuzzy operations most in use is given. At the same time the relation between Schweizer-Sklard operations and Zadeh operations as well as probability operators is given

Water Service Delivery Reform in China: Safeguarding the Interests of the Poor

China faces a water scarcity problem that is severe by international standards. Many factors, including rapid urbanization and environmental degradation etc, have been challenging the water service delivery in China. Since water scarcity and quality have impact on the poor, reforms to the water service provision can produce substantial improvements in the living standard of the economically disadvantaged groups. The objective of this study is to critically evaluate the strengths and weakness of China¡¯s current water financing and delivering system, with a focus on safeguarding the interests of the poor, and to offer insight into possible solutions.water administration, water pricing, water financing

Evaluation of Land Taxation in China

The emerging land-related unrest in China poses a pressing challenge on the legitimacy of the government. Through the perspective of good governance, the paper examines the role of land in government financing and its economic and political cost, as well as the erosion of government's credibility and its negative impact on private and collective property rights. The paper emphasizes the recent upward trend in land-related unrest as a consequence of abuses by local governments on land-source revenues. Our special concern rests on the institution of collective property which is slowly emerging from the shadow of the former state property in the course of economic transition. Collective property right could be a useful legal and economic institution but must receive political support to exist alongside with private property.Land tax, Property tax, Land-related revenue, Land administration

Water Service Delivery Reform in China: Safeguarding the Interests of the Poor

China faces a water scarcity problem that is severe by international standards. Many factors, including rapid urbanization and environmental degradation etc, have been challenging the water service delivery in China. Since water scarcity and quality have impact on the poor, reforms to the water service provision can produce substantial improvements in the living standard of the economically disadvantaged groups. The objective of this study is to critically evaluate the strengths and weakness of China's current water financing and delivering system, with a focus on safeguarding the interests of the poor, and to offer insight into possible solutions.Water administration, Water pricing, Water financing

Dynamic Analysis of the Infinite Plate on Orthotropic Foundation Subjected to Moving Loads

Based on the Kirchhoff thin plate theory and elastodynamics theory, the Kirchhoff small deformation infinite elastic thin plate is adopted to simulate the pavement, and the orthotropic elastic half space is used to simulate subgrade. The mechanical model and dynamic equations in the rectangular coordinate system are established for the infinite elastic plate on orthotropic foundation subjected to moving loads. The integral forms of plane strain dynamic responses are derived by means of Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform. Numerical examples are conducted on condition that the harmonic vibrating strip load is applied on the plate surface. Studies are conducted to investigate the effect of the soil orthotropic parameters on dynamic response of subgrade and the plate. The results indicate that the anisotropy of the soil has a great influence on the dynamic response of subgrade and pavement interaction, and that dynamic response can be described more accurately by considering the orthogonal anisotropy of foundation

Positive solutions for nonlinear semipositone nth-order boundary value problems

In this paper, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for a class of nonlinear semipositone $n$th-order boundary value problems. Our approach relies on the Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem. The result of this paper complement and extend previously known result