753 research outputs found
Energy spectra of metastable oxygen atoms produced by electron impact dissociation of O2
Kinetic energies of metastable oxygen atoms formed by electron impact dissociation of oxygen and measured in time of flight experimen
Production of CO(a 3 Pi) and other metastable fragments by electron impact dissociation of CO2
Dissociative excitation of CO(a 3 Pi) and other metastable fragments such as O(5S) produced by electron impact on CO
Excitation of the metastable E(3 Sigma g plus) state of N2 by electron impact
The contribution of the N2(E(3 Sigma g plus)) state to the total metastable excitation function of N2 assessed on the basis of time-of-flight studies of metastable nitrogen molecules. The cross section for electron impact excitation state was determined in the domain of the resonance form threshold (11.87 eV) to an energy of about 13 eV. The maximum value of the cross section was found to be (7.0 + or - 4.0) x 10 to the -18th power sq cm at an energy of 12.2 eV. The measurement was made absolute by using the previously determined yield of the metastable detector, the lifetime of the E state, and by eliminating the energy spread in the electron beam from the raw data. The half-width (FWHM) of the resonance-like excitation function near threshold was found to be about 0.4 eV. No substantial evidence was obtained from the present data for the presence of the nonresonant part of the excitation function for the state studied
Excitation of the auroral green line by dissociative recombination of O plus over 2 - Analysis of two rocket experiments
Excitation of auroral green line by dissociative recombination of oxygen ion
Time-Varying Priority Queuing Models for Human Dynamics
Queuing models provide insight into the temporal inhomogeneity of human
dynamics, characterized by the broad distribution of waiting times of
individuals performing tasks. We study the queuing model of an agent trying to
execute a task of interest, the priority of which may vary with time due to the
agent's "state of mind." However, its execution is disrupted by other tasks of
random priorities. By considering the priority of the task of interest either
decreasing or increasing algebraically in time, we analytically obtain and
numerically confirm the bimodal and unimodal waiting time distributions with
power-law decaying tails, respectively. These results are also compared to the
updating time distribution of papers in the arXiv.org and the processing time
distribution of papers in Physical Review journals. Our analysis helps to
understand human task execution in a more realistic scenario.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Network properties of written human language
We investigate the nature of written human language within the framework of complex network theory. In particular, we analyse the topology of Orwell's \textit{1984} focusing on the local properties of the network, such as the properties of the nearest neighbors and the clustering coefficient. We find a composite power law behavior for both the average nearest neighbor's degree and average clustering coefficient as a function of the vertex degree. This implies the existence of different functional classes of vertices. Furthermore we find that the second order vertex correlations are an essential component of the network architecture. To model our empirical results we extend a previously introduced model for language due to Dorogovtsev and Mendes. We propose an accelerated growing network model that contains three growth mechanisms: linear preferential attachment, local preferential attachment and the random growth of a pre-determined small finite subset of initial vertices. We find that with these elementary stochastic rules we are able to produce a network showing syntactic-like structures
Characterizing Ranked Chinese Syllable-to-Character Mapping Spectrum: A Bridge Between the Spoken and Written Chinese Language
One important aspect of the relationship between spoken and written Chinese
is the ranked syllable-to-character mapping spectrum, which is the ranked list
of syllables by the number of characters that map to the syllable. Previously,
this spectrum is analyzed for more than 400 syllables without distinguishing
the four intonations. In the current study, the spectrum with 1280 toned
syllables is analyzed by logarithmic function, Beta rank function, and
piecewise logarithmic function. Out of the three fitting functions, the
two-piece logarithmic function fits the data the best, both by the smallest sum
of squared errors (SSE) and by the lowest Akaike information criterion (AIC)
value. The Beta rank function is the close second. By sampling from a Poisson
distribution whose parameter value is chosen from the observed data, we
empirically estimate the -value for testing the
two-piece-logarithmic-function being better than the Beta rank function
hypothesis, to be 0.16. For practical purposes, the piecewise logarithmic
function and the Beta rank function can be considered a tie.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
A Prototype Model of Stock Exchange
A prototype model of stock market is introduced and studied numerically. In
this self-organized system, we consider only the interaction among traders
without external influences. Agents trade according to their own strategy, to
accumulate his assets by speculating on the price's fluctuations which are
produced by themselves. The model reproduced rather realistic price histories
whose statistical properties are also similar to those observed in real
markets.Comment: LaTex, 4 pages, 4 Encapsulated Postscript figures, uses psfi
Emergence of skew distributions in controlled growth processes
Starting from a master equation, we derive the evolution equation for the
size distribution of elements in an evolving system, where each element can
grow, divide into two, and produce new elements. We then probe general
solutions of the evolution quation, to obtain such skew distributions as
power-law, log-normal, and Weibull distributions, depending on the growth or
division and production. Specifically, repeated production of elements of
uniform size leads to power-law distributions, whereas production of elements
with the size distributed according to the current distribution as well as no
production of new elements results in log-normal distributions. Finally,
division into two, or binary fission, bears Weibull distributions. Numerical
simulations are also carried out, confirming the validity of the obtained
solutions.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Between the Golden Age and the Gilded Age : A History of the Southern Thames Street Neighborhood
The Southern Thames St. Neighborhood is located on the west side of Newport, Rhode Island, and occupies the southern half of its harbor. This neighborhood is an outstanding example of 19th-century immigrant neighborhood built according to local, vernecular traditions. This area was home to a substantial portion of Newport\u27s Irish immigrant population, a working class group who arrived in Newport between 1820 and 1920
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