Removing opportunities to calculate improves students' performance on subsequent word problems.

BackgroundIn two studies we investigated whether removing opportunities to calculate could improve students' subsequent ability to solve similar word problems. Students were first asked to write explanations for three word-problems that they thought would help another student understand the problems. Half of the participants explained typical word problems (i.e., problems with enough information to make calculating an answer possible), while the other half explained the same problems with numbers removed, making calculating an answer impossible. We hypothesized that removing opportunities to calculate would induce students to think relationally about the word problems, which would result in higher levels of performance on subsequent transfer problems.ResultsIn both studies, participants who explained the non-calculable problems performed significantly better on the transfer test than participants who explained the typical (i.e., calculable) problems. This was so in spite of the manipulation not fully suppressing students' desire to calculate. Many students in the non-calculable group explicitly stated that they needed numbers in order to answer the question or made up numbers with which to calculate. There was a significant, positive relationship between the frequency with which students made up numbers and their self-reported mathematics anxiety.ConclusionsWe hypothesized that the mechanism at play was a reduction in instrumental thinking (and an increase in relational thinking). Interventions designed to help students remediate prior mathematical failure should perhaps focus less on the specific skills students are lacking, and more on the dispositions they bring to the task of "doing mathematics.

Classification of Generalized Multiresolution Analyses

We discuss how generalized multiresolution analyses (GMRAs), both classical and those defined on abstract Hilbert spaces, can be classified by their multiplicity functions $m$ and matrix-valued filter functions $H$. Given a natural number valued function $m$ and a system of functions encoded in a matrix $H$ satisfying certain conditions, a construction procedure is described that produces an abstract GMRA with multiplicity function $m$ and filter system $H$. An equivalence relation on GMRAs is defined and described in terms of their associated pairs $(m,H)$. This classification system is applied to classical examples in $L^2 (\mathbb R^d)$ as well as to previously studied abstract examples.Comment: 18 pages including bibliograp

Holographic Accelerated Heavy Quark-Anti-Quark Pair

The problem of a heavy quark-anti-quark pair which have constant eternal acceleration in opposite directions in the vacuum of deconfined maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory is studied both in perturbation theory and at strong coupling using AdS/CFT. Perturbation theory is summed to obtain what is conjectured to be an exact result. It is shown to agree with a particular prescription for computing the disc amplitude in the string theory dual and it yields a value $s=\sqrt{\lambda}$ for the entanglement entropy of the quark and anti-quark.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS MASYRAKAT MITIGASI RISIKO BENCANA GEMPA BUMI DAN TSUNAMI KAMPUNG SKOUW SAE , KOTA JAYAPURA

Sejak awal tahun 2023 Kota Jayapura mengalami lebih dari 1000 kali gempa bumi., dan yang signiificant terjadi pada  9 Februari 2023 berkekuatan 5.4 SR mengakibatkan kerusakan dan korban jiwa. Tingkat risiko bencana  selain  dipengaruhi oleh  faktor bencana yaitu ancaman dan kerentanan, namun diyenyukan juga oleh  faktor kapasitas dari masyarakat. Bencana gempa biasa diikuti dengan bencana logsor dan tsunami, dan wilayah Papua merupakan daerah yang rawan gempa karena pertemuan lempeng Australia, Pasifik san Eurasia, selain itu lempeng micro Carolina. Oleh sebab itu pengabdi merasa perlu untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat untuk mengurangi risiko bencanagempa dan bencana yang mengikuti baik longsor maupun tsunami. Wilayah pesisir yang dipilih adalah Kampung Skouw Sae mengingat daerah tersebut mempunyai sejarah  tsunami 1941.Metode yang dilakukan dalam Pengabdian ini adalah Focus Group Discussion, dimana Pengabdi akan sharing knowledge dan learning  society best practice yang dilakukan oleh masyrakat sehingga mampu menciptakan Desa yang Tangguh Bencana. Dengan konsep Participatory Action, dimana menggabungkan konsep secara akademik dan pengetahuan yang telah ada di masyarakat dapat memberikan manfaat yang lebih yaitu Rencana Aksi Kampung dalam menghadapi bencana. Capaian yang hendak diperoleh adalah penguatan kapasitas masyarakat dalam menghadapi memitigasi bencana dan kedepannya dapat secara mandiri membentuk  Rencana Aksi Kampung dalam menghadapi bencana

Analysis of Hydrogen Sulphide (H2s) and Respiratory Symptoms in Scavengers at Ganet Landfill, Tanjungpinang, Riau

Background: The process of waste decomposition can cause air pollution, one of which is Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) gas pollution. Airborne contaminants can spoil ambient air quality and cause respiratory diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between H2S level and respiratory symptoms in scavengers at Ganet landfill, Tanjungpinang City, Riau, Indonesia. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Ganet landfill, Tanjungpinang City, Riau, Indonesia. A sample of 30 scavengers who worked for 3 years was selected for this study. The dependent variable was respiratory symptoms. The independent variables were H2S level, working period, and exposure duration. The H2S level was measured by Aero Quol tools. Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 50 of 1996 set the standard of H2S= 0.02 ppm. Other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by chi-square test. Results: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) level was 0.10 ppm which exceeded the standard of 0.02 ppm. H2S exposure time 3-7 hours caused a cough (10%), fever (16.7%), cold (20%), and shortness of breath (6.7%). H2S exposure time 7-10 hours caused acough (26.7%), sore throat 3.3%, fever 16.7%, headache (3.3%), and fever (16.7%). Working period <8 years experienced cough (13.3%), fever (20%), headache (3.3%), fever (20%), and shortness of breath (3.3%). Working period ≥8 years experienced a cough (23.3%), sore throat (3.3%), fever (13.3%), cold (16.7%), and shortness of breath (3.3%). Conclusion: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) level in the air exceeding the quality standard, prolonged exposure, and working period cause respiratory symptoms. Keywords: respiratory symptoms, Hydrogen sulfide, scavengers, landfil

Kesenjangan Gender (Perempuan) dalam Mendapatkan Pendidikan pada Masyarakat Pedesaan

PENDAHULUAN Pendidikan merupakan salah satu proses transformasi pembangunan mendasar yang berperan penting dalam pergerakan pembangunan. Pendidikan juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap keadaan lingkungan dan kehidupan sosial masyarakat itu sendiri yang dimana ditandai dengan adanya Perubahan sikap, pola pikir, yang dilakukan oleh setiap masyarakat masyarakat tersebut dalam berkontribusi dibidang pembanguna. Namun pada Kenyataannya, pendidikan di Indonesia sekarang ini masih menunjukkan kualitas yang rendah. Kenyataan yang justru terjadi dengan pendidikan di negara yang begitu luas ini adalah pendidikan tidak merata ke seluruh penjuru nusantara,dan diera pembangunan yang sedang gencar-gencarnya ini, kesenjangan pendidikan masih dirasakan oleh kaum gender di Desa Tugurejo Blitar Jawa Timur. Seperti mana yang penulis amati pada masyarakat atau penduduk Desa Tugurejo kebanyakan kaum wanitanya atau ibu-ibu disana hanya bisa menyelesaikan pendidikan di tingkat sekolah dasar saja (SD) bahkan banyak juga yang tidak merasakan pendidikan sama sekali dan tentunya hal ini berdampak terhadap tingkat kualitas dan kesejahteraan kaum gender di Desa Tugurejo Blitar Jawa Timur yang rendah, sehingga pekerjaan mereka rata-rata hanya sebatas peteni tradisional dan ibu rumah tangga saja. Karena rendahnya kualitas pendidikan di Desa ini menyebabkan sumber daya manusia yang rendah pula sehingga membuat Desa tersebut menjadi sulit untuk berkembang dan menjadikan Desa ini sebagai salah satu desa tertingal terutama dalam bidang pembangunannya