Penentuan Jumlah Optimal Line Pengiriman Secondary Raw Material Di Lantai Produksi (Studi Kasus PT. X,tbk)

Si Dalam penelitian yang dilakukan di PT. X,Tbk area gudang secondary raw material es krim, peneliti melihat terdapat bottleneck pada proses pengiriman secondary raw material seperti wrapper, outter, kacang, dan stick dalam proses pengiriman ke ruang produksi. Sehingga membuat terkendalanya proses pengiriman secondary raw material tersebut. Variabel terbagi menjadi 2 macam yaitu variabel terikat dan variabel bebas. Untuk variabel terikat berupa waktu kedatangan material dan waktu pengiriman material. Untuk pengumpulan data terbagi menjadi 2 berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data sekunder yaitu kegiatan pengiriman line material dan data kebutuhan macam-macam material.Pengolahan data dengan software Simul8 untuk rancangan model line pengiriman, Dari hasil proses running dan berdasarkan tabel rangkuman hasil simulasi diatas dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata tingkat kegunaan (utilitas) untuk periode produksi bulan oktober 2013 dengan jumlah 2 line pengiriman secondary raw material sebesar 92% artinya untuk pengiriman tersebut terjadi kesibukan dan antrian dalam sistem. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengoptimalan atau penambahan jumlah line pengiriman. Maka peneliti melakukan simulasi model usulan dengan rancangan beberapa line pengiriman seberikut;\u27 jika jumlah line pengiriman berjumlah 3 unit maka tingkat kegunaan (utilization) didapat sebesar 74% yang artinya kondisi line tidak mengalami kesibukan yang sangat tinggi. Sedangkan untuk jumlah line pengiriman 4 unit didapat tingkat kegunaan (utilization) sebesar 41% artinya line tidak mengalami kesibukan yang tinggi, namun dengan tingkat sebesar 41% tersebut ada kecenderungan jika line nantinya akan banyak menganggur.Keywords : secondary raw material, simulasi antrian, simul8Abstraksi Dalam penelitian yang dilakukan di PT. X,Tbk area gudang secondary raw material es krim, peneliti melihat terdapat bottleneck pada proses pengiriman secondary raw material seperti wrapper, outter, kacang, dan stick dalam proses pengiriman ke ruang produksi. Sehingga membuat terkendalanya proses pengiriman secondary raw material tersebut. Variabel terbagi menjadi 2 macam yaitu variabel terikat dan variabel bebas. Untuk variabel terikat berupa waktu kedatangan material dan waktu pengiriman material. Untuk pengumpulan data terbagi menjadi 2 berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Data sekunder yaitu kegiatan pengiriman line material dan data kebutuhan macam-macam material.Pengolahan data dengan software Simul8 untuk rancangan model line pengiriman, Dari hasil proses running dan berdasarkan tabel rangkuman hasil simulasi diatas dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata tingkat kegunaan (utilitas) untuk periode produksi bulan oktober 2013 dengan jumlah 2 line pengiriman secondary raw material sebesar 92% artinya untuk pengiriman tersebut terjadi kesibukan dan antrian dalam sistem. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengoptimalan atau penambahan jumlah line pengiriman. Maka peneliti melakukan simulasi model usulan dengan rancangan beberapa line pengiriman seberikut;\u27 jika jumlah line pengiriman berjumlah 3 unit maka tingkat kegunaan (utilization) didapat sebesar 74% yang artinya kondisi line tidak mengalami kesibukan yang sangat tinggi. Sedangkan untuk jumlah line pengiriman 4 unit didapat tingkat kegunaan (utilization) sebesar 41% artinya line tidak mengalami kesibukan yang tinggi, namun dengan tingkat sebesar 41% tersebut ada kecenderungan jika line nantinya akan banyak menganggur.Keywords : secondary raw material, simulasi antrian, simul

Residential Landlord-Tenant Law in Montana: A Landlord Perspective

Residential Landlord-Tenant Law In Montana: A Landlord Perspectiv

The drug titration paradox: more drug does not correlate with more effect in individual clinical data.

BACKGROUND A fundamental concept in pharmacology is that increasing dose increases drug effect. This is the basis of anaesthetic titration: the dose is increased when increased drug effect is desired and decreased when reduced drug effect is desired. In the setting of titration, the correlation of doses and observed drug effects can be negative, for example increasing dose reduces drug effect. We have termed this the drug titration paradox. We hypothesised that this could be explained, at least in part, by intrasubject variability. If the drug titration paradox is simply an artifact of pooling population data, then a mixed-effects analysis that accounts for interindividual variability in drug sensitivity should 'flip' the observed correlation, such that increasing dose increases drug effect. METHODS We tested whether a mixed-effects analysis could correctly reveal the underlying pharmacology using previously published data obtained during automatic feedback control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) with alfentanil (effect site concentration, CeAlf) during surgery. The relationship between MAP and CeAlf was explored with linear regression and a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS A linear mixed-effects model did not identify the correct underlying pharmacology because of the presence of the titration paradox in the individual data. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between drug dose and drug effect must be determined under carefully controlled experimental conditions. In routine care, where the effect is profoundly influenced by varying clinical conditions and drugs are titrated to achieve the desired effect, it is nearly impossible to draw meaningful conclusions about the relationship between dose and effect

Operations sustainability maturity model: preliminary findings of financial services in developing and developed countries

Purpose This paper aims to develop and apply a measurement instrument to identify a comparative metric that identifies operational sustainability maturity across sectors and countries. Design/methodology/approach Using structured interviews to complete the operations sustainability maturity model (OSMM) in financial services organisations, data were compared to show differences for developed and developing countries. Findings The preliminary findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the sustainability maturity index between countries. However, size and profitability are strong indicators of sustainability maturity. Research limitations/implications These findings represent preliminary findings drawn from the financial services sector in a limited number of countries. Expansion of the data set will give greater confidence of results. Practical implications The OSMM is an empirical tool used to collect data that allows statistical evaluation of sustainable strategies used by firms in various sectors and in different countries. Social implications Sustainability is of critical importance in the economic development of all countries. The OSMM embraces fiscal, operational and environmental considerations. The research gives new insights to alternative strategic imperatives. Originality/value With increased awareness of organisational sustainability, academics have developed a number of tools, approaches and strategies to ensure commercial viability. However, few corporations have successfully institutionalised ongoing sustainability. OSMM is unique. Its wider application to embrace additional industry sectors and countries will bring new insight to strategic intent

Guidance for investigating calcite precipitation by urea hydrolysis for geomaterials

Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) is a sustainable method of stabilizing (i.e., cementing) loose sandy deposits and/or to create an impervious barrier within the soil mass. MICP can occur through various biochemical pathways, among which ‘Urea Hydrolysis (UH)’ is considered to be the most efficient method of biochemically inducing calcite precipitation. To date, the geotechnical engineering community investigating MICP has tended to focus on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of the end product, i.e. MICP cemented sands; however, many biochemical factors that affect reaction-rate kinetics and MICP outcome have been understudied or neglected. This study investigated the kinetics of UH and compared different sources of urease enzyme: those microbially cultivated in the laboratory (i.e., Sporosarcina pasteurii) and those extracted from plants (i.e., Jack bean meal), to investigate the influence of urea concentration, buffer capacity, and cell harvesting method on UH. Through this study, an attempt has been made to arrive at an optimal concentration of urea, under the influence of the above mentioned parameters along with the buffering action of the soil, on urea hydrolysis. These results have implications towards optimising MICP and, in particular, for upscaling these methods to in-situ applications

Expression of type I collagen mRNA in glomeruli of rats with passive Heymann nephritis

Expression of type I collagen mRNA in glomeruli of rats with passive Heymann nephritis. In passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) glomeruli exhibit marked basement membrane expansion around subepithelial immune deposits but they fail to show any change in mRNA levels of type IV collagen, laminin or fibronectin by Northern and slot-blot analysis, or in the amount or distribution of type IV collagen or laminin by immunohistology for up to 12 weeks after disease onset. On the other hand, in situ hybridization (ISH) revealed the appearance of positive cells exhibiting mRNA for the α1 chain of rat type I collagen two to three weeks after the onset of PHN in all glomeruli of all rats. Positive cells persisted for at least eight weeks. In many glomeruli, the location of the clusters of silver grains suggested that they were in visceral epithelial cells. In controls injected with normal sheep IgG, and in early PHN (<11 days after sheep anti-Fx1A), glomeruli were negative but cells in the renal capsule and adventitia of vessels showed strong ISH and served as positive controls. RNAse pre-treatment and the “sense” probe gave appropriately negative results. RNA from PHN glomeruli contained an α1 type I collagen transcript of the same size as that from rat fibroblasts. These results show that the evolution of glomerular basement membrane expansion in rat membranous nephropathy coincides with the induction of a matrix gene that is not normally expressed in glomerular cells. Further, they suggest that the intercalation of ectopically-expressed matrix molecules may contribute to the production of a disorganized basement membrane

Nefrectomia laparoscópica em cão com hematúria idiopática

O artigo não apresenta resumo

Modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty. Experimental study in dogs

Background: This prospective experimental study evaluated the surgical procedure and results of modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty in dogs.Methods: Ten skeletally mature healthy mongrel dogs with weights varying between 19 and 27 kg were used. Cemented modular femoral stems and uncemented porous-coated acetabular cups were employed. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed before surgery and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 days post-operation.Results: Excellent weight bearing was noticed in the operated limb in seven dogs. Dislocation followed by loosening of the prosthesis was noticed in two dogs, which were therefore properly treated with a femoral head osteotomy. Femoral fracture occurred in one dog, which was promptly treated with full implant removal and femoral osteosynthesis.Conclusions: The canine modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty provided excellent functionality of the operated limb