New-Physics Effects on Triple-Product Correlations in Lambda_b Decays

We adopt an effective-lagrangian approach to compute the new-physics contributions to T-violating triple-product correlations in charmless Lambda_b decays. We use factorization and work to leading order in the heavy-quark expansion. We find that the standard-model (SM) predictions for such correlations can be significantly modified. For example, triple products which are expected to vanish in the SM can be enormous (~50%) in the presence of new physics. By measuring triple products in a variety of Lambda_b decays, one can diagnose which new-physics operators are or are not present. Our general results can be applied to any specific model of new physics by simply calculating which operators appear in that model.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, no figures. Added a paragraph (+ references) discussing nonfactorizable effects. Conclusions unchange

A theory of normed simulations

In existing simulation proof techniques, a single step in a lower-level specification may be simulated by an extended execution fragment in a higher-level one. As a result, it is cumbersome to mechanize these techniques using general purpose theorem provers. Moreover, it is undecidable whether a given relation is a simulation, even if tautology checking is decidable for the underlying specification logic. This paper introduces various types of normed simulations. In a normed simulation, each step in a lower-level specification can be simulated by at most one step in the higher-level one, for any related pair of states. In earlier work we demonstrated that normed simulations are quite useful as a vehicle for the formalization of refinement proofs via theorem provers. Here we show that normed simulations also have pleasant theoretical properties: (1) under some reasonable assumptions, it is decidable whether a given relation is a normed forward simulation, provided tautology checking is decidable for the underlying logic; (2) at the semantic level, normed forward and backward simulations together form a complete proof method for establishing behavior inclusion, provided that the higher-level specification has finite invisible nondeterminism.Comment: 31 pages, 10figure

R-parity-violating SUSY and CP violation in B --> phi K_s

Recent measurements of CP asymmetry in B --> phi K_S appear to be inconsistent with Standard Model expectations. We explore the effect of R-parity-violating SUSY to understand the data.Comment: Equations corrected. Conclusions unchanged. Latex, 6 pages, one fi

Triple-Product Correlations in B -> V1 V2$ Decays and New Physics

In this paper we examine T-violating triple-product correlations (TP's) in B -> V1 V2 decays. TP's are excellent probes of physics beyond the standard model (SM) for two reasons: (i) within the SM, most TP's are expected to be tiny, and (ii) unlike direct CP asymmetries, TP's are not suppressed by the small strong phases which are expected in B decays. TP's are obtained via the angular analysis of B -> V1 V2. In a general analysis based on factorization, we demonstrate that the most promising decays for measuring TP's in the SM involve excited final-state vector mesons, and we provide estimates of such TP's. We find that there are only a handful of decays in which large TP's are possible, and the size of these TP's depends strongly on the size of nonfactorizable effects. We show that TP's which vanish in the SM can be very large in models with new physics. The measurement of a nonzero TP asymmetry in a decay where none is expected would specifically point to new physics involving large couplings to the right-handed b-quark.Comment: 42 pages, LaTeX, no figures. Title changed, several explanatory paragraphs added, references added, analysis and conclusions unchange

A new CP violating observable for the LHC

We study a new type of CP violating observable that arises in three body decays that are dominated by an intermediate resonance. If two interfering diagrams exist with different orderings of final state particles, the required CP-even phase arises due to the different virtualities of the resonance in each of the two diagrams. This method can be an important tool for accessing new CP phases at the LHC and future colliders.Comment: 22 pages, v2: discussion of charged particle decays and a few references added v3: typos corrected, matches published versio

Polya's inequalities, global uniform integrability and the size of plurisubharmonic lemniscates

First we prove a new inequality comparing uniformly the relative volume of a Borel subset with respect to any given complex euclidean ball \B \sub \C^n with its relative logarithmic capacity in \C^n with respect to the same ball \B. An analoguous comparison inequality for Borel subsets of euclidean balls of any generic real subspace of \C^n is also proved. Then we give several interesting applications of these inequalities. First we obtain sharp uniform estimates on the relative size of \psh lemniscates associated to the Lelong class of \psh functions of logarithmic singularities at infinity on \C^n as well as the Cegrell class of \psh functions of bounded Monge-Amp\`ere mass on a hyperconvex domain \W \Sub \C^n. Then we also deduce new results on the global behaviour of both the Lelong class and the Cegrell class of \psh functions.Comment: 25 page

Analysis of Various Polarization Asymmetries In The Inclusive b→sℓ+ℓ−b\to s \ell^+ \ell^- Decay In The Fourth-Generation Standard Model

In this study a systematical analysis of various polarization asymmetries in inclusive b \rar s \ell^+ \ell^- decay in the standard model (SM) with four generation of quarks is carried out. We found that the various asymmetries are sensitive to the new mixing and quark masses for both of the $\mu$ and $\tau$ channels. Sizeable deviations from the SM values are obtained. Hence, b \rar s \ell^+ \ell^- decay is a valuable tool for searching physics beyond the SM, especially in the indirect searches for the fourth-generation of quarks ($t', b')$.Comment: 19 Pages, 10 Figures, 3 Table