Organic Lamb Meat Production in Serbia Based on Autochthonous Zackel Breed: Opportunities and Challenges

The global growing tendency of lamb and mutton meat production has been emphasized. The fastest growing meat production industry on a global level is lamb and mutton meat production. Lamb meat production increase is primarily based on genetic improvement of sheep breeds, reproduction management and disease reduction. The new Strategy for Agriculture and Rural Development in Serbia from 2014 to 2024 defines goals and priorities for further development of agriculture. One of priority topics is the promotion of organic production. Organic lamb production is a great opportunity for rural regions development. Botanical composition analyses, as well as plants nutrition value, have shown that natural resources of regions in Serbia have great potentials for organic lamb production. Basic principles of organic production promote well adapted, autochthonous breeds. Various types of Zackel sheep are important genetic resources, evolutionary adapted on specific conditions and extreme climate. The study evaluated the value of various types of Zackel sheep populations in the regions where they are traditionally reared with special emphasis on some traits such as health status and robustness, important for organic production. Disease frequency analysis in different Zackel type populations has shown that gastrointestinal parasitic infections represent the main health problem in sheep farming. The introduction of veterinary medicine standards in organic sheep production is a great challenge. Considering that conventional prevention and medication are forbidden in organic production, veterinary control of parasitic infections is not satisfying. Our investigations are focused on preventive measure and genetic resistance/tolerance to parasitic infections of various types of Zackel sheep as very important for organic lamb production

Uticaj pentobarbitala i pentilenetetrazola na nivo azot oksida u frontalnom korteksu pacova

Levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the rats frontal cortex were continuously monitored before and after intraperitoneal administration of an antiepileptic drug-pentobarbital (20 and 40 mg/kg) or convulsant drug - pentylenetetrazol (50 mg/kg). Pentobarbital decreased the levels of NO in a dose dependent manner However, NO levels had a tendency to increase following the administration of pentylenetetrazol. It is suggested that central NO participates in the modulation of neuronal excitability, supporting the idea that NO is an important excitatory factor involved in the regulation of seizure susceptibility. Also, our results on anaesthetized rats suggests that endogenous NO may be involved in the mechanism of action of antiepileptic and analeptic drugs and this further suggest that NO levels in the human brain may decrease during antiepileptic therapy and increase during epileptic attacks or administration of excitatory drugs. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible role of NO levels in the brain during neuronal excitability and seizures.Nivo azot oksida (NO) u frontalnom korteksu pacova meren je kontinuirano kako pre, tako i nakon intraperitonealne primene antiepileptika pentobarbitala (u dozi od 20 i 40 mg/kg) ili konvulzivnog agensa pentilenetetrazola (u dozi od 50 mg/kg). Rezultati ovih eksperimenta su ukazali da pentobarbital smanjuje nivo NO u frontalnom korteksu pacova, dok koncentracija NO ima tendeciju rasta nakon primene pentilenetetrazola. Osim toga, dokazano je da endogeni NO ima važnu ekscitatornu ulogu u centralnim mehanizmima nastanka epilepsije. Takođe, naši rezultati su ukazali da kod anestetisanih životinja endogeni nivo NO ima uticaja na dejstvo kako antikonvulzivnih, tako i prokonvulzivnih lekova. Nivo NO u mozgu pacova je bio snižen tokom terapije antiepilepticima, a povišen tokom epileptičkih napada ili primene lekova iz grupe centralnih stimulansa

Співвідношення навчання і виховання у філософії педагогіки Памфіла Юркевича

24th General Meeting of the European-Grassland-Federation -- JUN 03-07, 2012 -- Lublin, POLANDWOS: 000361159300041Italian ryegrass monoculture and mixtures with red clover (sowing ratios 75:25%, 50:50% and 25:75%) were established in the spring of 2008 at the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, with the aim to analyse the possibilities of managing the N supply. There were four N rates for Italian ryegrass monoculture: 0, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha(-1), whilst no N fertilizer was applied to the mixture plots. The trial was carried out during 2008-2010 and the highest total DM yield was obtained with 200 kg N ha(-1), similar to that of the ryegrass-clover mixtures. Ryegrass contributed less to the total yield in the mixtures, because it had lower ratios in the structure of swards than those used at sowing. An Italian ryegrass-red clover sward may have advantages over a pure Italian ryegrass sward fertilized by high rates of N, providing high yield with a more sustainable land-use system.Kuhn, Ministerstwo Rolnictwa Rozwoju Wsi, Lubelski Wegiel Bogdanka S A, Karol Kania Synowie, Rolimpex, Dept Rolnictwa Srodowiska Urzedu Marszalkowskiego Wojewodztwa, Lubelskiego, Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa, Powiat Bilgorajski, Centinas, DSV Polska, Perla Browary Lubelskie, Lubella, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, Miasto Lublin, Apis, Herbapol Lublin S A, OSM Krasnystaw, Powiat Krasnostawski, Powiat Lubelski, Powiat Krasnystaw, Lubelska Izba Rolnicza, Gmina Krasnystaw, Urzad Miasta Krasnysta

Hot Subdwarfs in Resolved Binaries

In the last decade or so, there have been numerous searches for hot subdwarfs in close binaries. There has been little to no attention paid to wide binaries however. The advantages of understanding these systems can be many. The stars can be assumed to be coeval, which means they have common properties. The distance and metallicity, for example, are both unknown for the subdwarf component, but may be determinable for the secondary, allowing other properties of the subdwarf to be estimated. With this in mind, we have started a search for common proper motion pairs containing a hot subdwarf component. We have uncovered several promising candidate systems, which are presented here.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings of The Fourth Meeting on Hot Subdwarf Stars and Related Objects held in China, 20-24 July 2009. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Experimental study of filling and emptying of a large-scale pipeline

The ¿lling with liquid of an initially empty pipeline and its counterpart, the draining of an initially liquid-¿lled pipeline, are of great interest due to the many practical applications. Several potential problems may occur, of which water-hammer and slug impact are the most important. To investigate the ¿lling and emptying processes, di¿erent mathematical models have been proposed, in which a common assumption is that the water column evolves with unchanged front and/or tail. This is a reasonable assumption for small-scale systems, particularly in cases with relatively high upstream pressure head and low downstream resistance. However, it is not clear whether this assumption is applicable to large-scale systems. This issue is of high importance for the development of air pockets and gravity currents in pipelines during ¿lling and draining processes. This study presents the experimental results of the ¿ow behaviour during the rapid ¿lling and emptying of a large-scale pipeline. The experimental apparatus was designed and built at Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands, as part of the EC Hydralab III project. Di¿erent from other laboratory studies, the scale of this experiment is close to the practical situation in many industrial plants. The test rig includes a variety of components (e.g. tanks, ¿ow meters, valves, pipes of di¿erent materials) and the operation procedure is rather complex. The ¿ow behaviour is measured by various instruments and hence a thorough hydrodynamic analysis is possible. All these features make the current study particularly useful as a test case for real ¿lling and draining situations. In the ¿lling of an initially empty pipeline, the focus was on the overall behaviour of the lengthening water column and the water-air interface evolution. In the emptying of an initially water-¿lled pipeline, together with the hydrodynamics of the shortening water column, the shape and behaviour of the water tail (air-water interface) was investigated. Thirteen di¿erent combinations of initial upstream driving air pressure and downstream valve resistance were tested. The in¿uence of these two factors on the out¿ow rate is clari¿ed. It was con¿rmed that both the in¿ow front in ¿lling and the out¿ow tail in emptying do not entirely ¿ll the pipe cross section. Shape changes occur at both the water-air and air-water interfaces. Although the ¿ow regime transition is a rather complex phenomenon, certain features of the transition pattern are observed and explained qualitatively and quantitatively

Pharmacological evaluation of 3-carbomethoxy fentanyl in mice

In many animal species, as well as in humans, high doses of fentanyl (F) produce marked neurotoxic effects, such as muscular rigidity and respiratory depression. The antinociception (hot-plate test), impairment of motor coordination (rotarod test) and acute toxicity of intraperitoneal newly synthesized analogs, (±)cis-3-carbomethoxy- fentanyl (C) and (±)trans-3-carbomethoxyfentanyl (T) were evaluated in mice. The compounds tested induced antinociception, impairment of performance on the rotarod, and lethality in a dosedependent manner. The relative order of antinociceptive potency was similar to motor impairment potency, as well as lethality: F gt C gt T. Naloxone hydrochloride (1 mg/kg; sc) abolished all the effects observed, suggesting that they are mediated via opioid receptors, most probably of μ type. There were no significant differences between the therapeutic indices of F, C and T. It is concluded, the introduction of 3-carbomethoxy group in the piperidine ring of the fentanyl skeleton reduced the potency, but did not affect tolerability and safety of the compound. © 2011 by the authors

Towards ensemble asteroseismology of the young open clusters Chi Persei and NGC 6910

As a result of the variability survey in Chi Persei and NGC6910, the number of Beta Cep stars that are members of these two open clusters is increased to twenty stars, nine in NGC6910 and eleven in Chi Persei. We compare pulsational properties, in particular the frequency spectra, of Beta Cep stars in both clusters and explain the differences in terms of the global parameters of the clusters. We also indicate that the more complicated pattern of the variability among B type stars in Chi Persei is very likely caused by higher rotational velocities of stars in this cluster. We conclude that the sample of pulsating stars in the two open clusters constitutes a very good starting point for the ensemble asteroseismology of Beta Cep-type stars and maybe also for other B-type pulsators.Comment: 4 pages, Astronomische Nachrichten, HELAS IV Conference, Arecife, Lanzarote, Feb 2010, submitte

Classifying radiographic changes of the pubic symphysis in male athletes: Development and reproducibility of a new scoring protocol

Purpose: To develop a specified radiographic scoring system for the pubic symphysis and adjacent bones, and to examine the intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of this system. Method: Development of the scoring protocol was performed in three stages using AP pelvis radiographs of 102 male adult athlet

Italian consensus conference on guidelines for conservative treatment on lower limb muscle injuries in athlete.

Provide the state of the art concerning (1) biology and aetiology, (2) classification, (3) clinical assessment and (4) conservative treatment of lower limb muscle injuries (MI) in athletes. Seventy international experts with different medical backgrounds participated in the consensus conference. They discussed and approved a consensus composed of four sections which are presented in these documents. This paper represents a synthesis of the consensus conference, the following four sections are discussed: (i) The biology and aetiology of MIs. A definition of MI was formulated and some key points concerning physiology and pathogenesis of MIs were discussed. (ii) The MI classification. A classification of MIs was proposed. (iii) The MI clinical assessment, in which were discussed anamnesis, inspection and clinical examination and are provided the relative guidelines. (iv) The MI conservative treatment, in which are provided the guidelines for conservative treatment based on the severity of the lesion. Furthermore, instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment were discussed. Knowledge of the aetiology and biology of MIs is an essential prerequisite in order to plan and conduct a rehabilitation plan. Another important aspect is the use of a rational MI classification on prognostic values. We propose a classification based on radiological investigations performed by ultrasonography and MRI strongly linked to prognostic factors. Furthermore, the consensus conference results will able to provide fundamental guidelines for diagnostic and rehabilitation practice, also considering instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment of MI. Expert opinion, level IV

Putative Nanobacteria Represent Physiological Remnants and Culture By-Products of Normal Calcium Homeostasis

Putative living entities called nanobacteria (NB) are unusual for their small sizes (50–500 nm), pleomorphic nature, and accumulation of hydroxyapatite (HAP), and have been implicated in numerous diseases involving extraskeletal calcification. By adding precipitating ions to cell culture medium containing serum, mineral nanoparticles are generated that are morphologically and chemically identical to the so-called NB. These nanoparticles are shown here to be formed of amorphous mineral complexes containing calcium as well as other ions like carbonate, which then rapidly acquire phosphate, forming HAP. The main constituent proteins of serum-derived NB are albumin, fetuin-A, and apolipoprotein A1, but their involvement appears circumstantial since so-called NB from different body fluids harbor other proteins. Accordingly, by passage through various culture media, the protein composition of these particles can be modulated. Immunoblotting experiments reveal that antibodies deemed specific for NB react in fact with either albumin, fetuin-A, or both, indicating that previous studies using these reagents may have detected these serum proteins from the same as well as different species, with human tissue nanoparticles presumably absorbing bovine serum antigens from the culture medium. Both fetal bovine serum and human serum, used earlier by other investigators as sources of NB, paradoxically inhibit the formation of these entities, and this inhibition is trypsin-sensitive, indicating a role for proteins in this inhibitory process. Fetuin-A, and to a lesser degree albumin, inhibit nanoparticle formation, an inhibition that is overcome with time, ending with formation of the so-called NB. Together, these data demonstrate that NB are most likely formed by calcium or apatite crystallization inhibitors that are somehow overwhelmed by excess calcium or calcium phosphate found in culture medium or in body fluids, thereby becoming seeds for calcification. The structures described earlier as NB may thus represent remnants and by-products of physiological mechanisms used for calcium homeostasis, a concept which explains the vast body of NB literature as well as explains the true origin of NB as lifeless protein-mineralo entities with questionable role in pathogenesis