Sigmoidal Adenocarcinoma as a Late Complication of Ureterosigmoidostomy

The Report at 17th European Congress of Internal Medicine (30th August-1st September, 2018, Wiesbaden, Germany)

Beliefs in Conspiracy Theories and Mental Health in the Student Community of Latvia During the COVID-19 Outbreak

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to investigate self-reported changes in mental health and their association with various sociodemographic factors and beliefs in conspiracy theories among university and college students in Latvia during the second state of emergency caused by COVID-19. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of an international research project, where university and college students were anonymously asked to complete an online self-report questionnaire. Changes in anxiety and depression were assessed using self-rated questions. Statistical analysis involved Pearson's chi-square test and univariate binary logistic regression.ression. RESULTS: The study comprised 1047 students, with 828 females (79.08% aged 21.71±0.09). Worsening in self-reported anxiety was more prevalent among females (69.3%, p<0.001), unemployed respondents (70.0%, p=0.003), individuals who were were not working during the lockdown (70.3%, p<0.001), those experiencing deterioration in general health condition (93.0%, p<0.001), and those belonging to or having knowledge of someone in a vulnerable group (69.5%, p=0.004). Worsening self-reported depression was more prevalent in respondents who did not work during the lockdown (63.9%, p=0.014) and those with deteriorating general health conditions (93.0%, p<0.001). Increased odds ratios (OR) for experiencing changes in anxiety and depression were associated with beliefs in the following conspiracy theories: 'Recommended measures are an attempt to restrict human rights' (OR=1.49, p=0.019 and OR=2.40, p<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, increased OR for experiencing changes in depression were associated with beliefs in the following conspiracy theories: 'The COVID-19 vaccine was ready before the virus spread' (OR=3.11, p=0.007), 'COVID-19 has a lower mortality rate" (OR=1.85, p<0.001)', 'Recommended measures are an attempt to restrict human rights' (OR=2.40, p<0.001), and 'The COVID-19 outbreak is the creation of world leaders' (OR=2.17, p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported changes in depression and anxiety were associated with certain beliefs in specific conspiracy theories.Peer reviewe

Prevalence of Distress and Depression and Related Health and Behavioural Factors in the Student Population of Latvia during the COVID-19 Outbreak

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Julija Vorobjova et al., published by Sciendo.The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread across the world, has made an impact on every student's ordinary life and mental health, from studying conditions, internship, employment to freedom of movement. This was a cross-sectional study where Latvian university and college students were asked to fill the self-report online questionnaire developed as part of an international study. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and investigate clinical depression, distress and identify the predicting factors. Depression and distress were determined using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) with a previously developed algorithm and cut-off scores. The statistical analysis included the Pearson's chi-square test and binomial logistic regression. The study included 1047 students. The prevalence of distress was 18% (n =188) and prevalence of depression was 33.8% (n = 354). Depression was more common among women-35.9 % (n = 298). Risk factors for depression were poor quality of sleep (OR = 8.31), unemployment (OR = 1.42), excessive internet usage (OR = 7.17), thoughts about death (OR = 12.14), and suicidal behaviour (OR = 4.99). Physical activities operated as a protective measure to prevent depression. This study potentially could help to develop a plan in the future for dealing with psychological support for the student population.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Carrier-guidance as a necessary condition for successful grasping of education program at medical university

This article analyzes the influence of carrier-guidance of 3rd year students on the grasping of education program at medical universityВ статье рассмотрено влияние профориентации студентов 3 курса на освоение основной образовательной программы

Helicobacter species are associated with possible increase in risk of biliary lithiasis and benign biliary diseases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hepato-biliary tract lithiasis is common and present either as pain or as asymptomatic on abdominal ultrasonography for other causes. Although the DNA of <it>Helicobacter </it>species are identified in the gallbladder bile, tissue or stones analyzed from these cases, still a causal relationship could not be established due to different results from different geographical parts.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A detailed search of pubmed and pubmedcentral was carried out with key words <it>Helicobacter </it>and gallbladder, gallstones, hepaticolithiasis, cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis, benign biliary diseases, liver diseases. The data was entered in a data base and meta analysis was carried out. The analysis was carried out using odds ratio and a fixed effect model, 95% confidence intervals for odds ratio was calculated. Chi square test for heterogeneity was employed. The overall effect was calculated using Z test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 12 articles were identified. One study used IgG for diagnosis while others used the PCR for Ure A gene, 16 S RNA or Cag A genes. A couple of studies used culture or histopathology besides the PCR. The cumulative results show a higher association of <it>Helicobacter </it>with chronic liver diseases (30.48%), and stone diseases (42.96%)(OR 1.77 95% CI 1.2–2.58; Z = 2.94, p = 0.003), the effect of each could not be identified as it was difficult to isolate the effect of helicobacter due to mixing of cases in each study.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results of present meta analysis shows that there is a slight higher risk of cholelithiasis and benign liver disease (OR 1.77), however due to inherent inability to isolate the effect of stone disease from that of other benign lesions it is not possible to say for sure that <it>Helicobacter </it>has a casual relationship with benign biliary disease or stone disease or both.</p

Students' mental health during the pandemic:results of the observational cross-sectional COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for university Students (COMET-S) study

Introduction: The aim of the study was to search rates of depression and mental health in university students, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study. A protocol gathering sociodemographic variables as well as depression, anxiety and suicidality and conspiracism was assembled, and data were collected anonymously and online from April 2020 through March 2021. The sample included 12,488 subjects from 11 countries, of whom 9,026 were females (72.2%; aged 21.11 ± 2.53), 3,329 males (26.65%; aged 21.61 ± 2.81) and 133 “non-binary gender” (1.06%; aged 21.02 ± 2.98). The analysis included chi-square tests, correlation analysis, ANCOVA, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analysis and Relative Risk ratios. Results: Dysphoria was present in 15.66% and probable depression in 25.81% of the total study sample. More than half reported increase in anxiety and depression and 6.34% in suicidality, while lifestyle changes were significant. The model developed explained 18.4% of the development of depression. Believing in conspiracy theories manifested a complex effect. Close to 25% was believing that the vaccines include a chip and almost 40% suggested that facemask wearing could be a method of socio-political control. Conspiracism was related to current depression but not to history of mental disorders. Discussion: The current study reports that students are at high risk for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified specific risk factors. It also suggested a role of believing in conspiracy theories. Further research is important, as it is targeted intervention in students' groups that are vulnerable both concerning mental health and conspiracism

Comparative constructions of similarity in Northern Samoyedic languages

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the suffixes which are used in Northern Samoyedic languages to build comparative constructions of equality. Depending on the language, the suffixes may perform three functions: word-building, form-building, and inflectional. When they mark the noun, they serve as simulative suffixes and are employed to build object comparison. In the inflectional function, these suffixes mark the verb and are a means of constructing situational comparison. In this case, they signal the formation of a special mood termed the Approximative. This paper provides a detailed description of the Approximative from paradigmatic and syntagmatic perspectives

Особливості місцевого імунітету у жінок з невиношуванням

Objective: to explore the characteristics of local immunity in pregnant women with miscarriage compared to healthy pregnant women.Material and methods. During the study 70 pregnant women were examined. The main group consisted of 50 pregnant women with a history of miscarriage, the control group — 20 apparently healthy women with a physiological gestation course. The study was conducted during the first trimester of pregnancy. The main characteristic features of local immunity such as changes of cervical mucus, cytokine status of cervicovaginal swab and local microbiocenosis of vaginal secretion were examined in all pregnant women of both main and control groups.Results. Changes of the parameters of immunoglobulin concentration in cervical mucus, imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cervical-vaginal swabs in women occur depending on the vaginal microbiocenosis status and are considered as the markers of the local inflammatory process in women with miscarriage.Conclusions. The miscarriage in women with the altered vaginal microbiocenosis occurs against the background of impaired immune status mainly at the local level.Цель — изучить особенности местного иммунитета у беременных с невынашиванием и здоровых беременных женщин.Пациенты и методы. Объектом исследования выбраны 70 беременных женщин. Основную группу составили 50 беременных женщин с невынашиванием в анамнезе, контрольную группу — 20 относительно здоровых женщин с физиологическим течением беременности. Исследование проведено в течение первого триместра. У всех беременных женщин определены показатели местного иммунитета в цервикальной слизи, цитокиновый статус цервико-вагинального смыва и состояние местного микробиоценоза влагалищного содержимого.Результаты. Изменения показателей концентрации иммуноглобулинов в цервикальной слизи, дисбаланс про- и противовоспалительных цитокинов в цервико-вагинальных смывах у женщин происходят в зависимости от состояния микробиоценоза влагалища и считаются маркерами развития местного воспалительного процесса у женщин с невынашиванием.Выводы. Развитие невынашивания у женщин с нарушением состояния микробиоценоза влагалища происходит на фоне нарушения иммунногостатуса преимущественно на локальном уровне.Мета — вивчити особливості місцевого імунітету у вагітних із невиношуванням та здорових вагітних жінок.Пацієнти та методи. Об'єктом досліджень обрано 70 вагітних жінок. Основну групу становили 50 вагітних жінок із невиношуванням в анамнезі, контрольну групу — 20 відносно здорових жінок із фізіологічним перебігом вагітності. Дослідження проведено протягом першого триместру. У всіх вагітних жінок визначено показники місцевого імунітету в цервікальному слизу, цитокіновий статус цервіко-вагінального змиву та стан місцевого мікробіоценозу вагінального вмісту.Результати. Зміни показників концентрації імуноглобулінів у цервікальному слизу, дисбаланс про- та протизапальних цитокінів у цервіко-вагінальних змивах у жінок відбуваються залежно від стану мікробіоценозу піхви та вважаються маркерами розвитку місцевого запального процесу в жінок із невиношуванням.Висновки. Розвиток невиношування в жінок із порушенням стану мікробіоценозу піхви відбувається на тлі порушення імунного статусу переважно на локальному рівні

Students' mental health during the pandemic : results of the observational cross-sectional COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for university Students (COMET-S) study

Introduction: The aim of the study was to search rates of depression and mental health in university students, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study. A protocol gathering sociodemographic variables as well as depression, anxiety and suicidality and conspiracism was assembled, and data were collected anonymously and online from April 2020 through March 2021. The sample included 12,488 subjects from 11 countries, of whom 9,026 were females (72.2%; aged 21.11 ± 2.53), 3,329 males (26.65%; aged 21.61 ± 2.81) and 133 “non-binary gender” (1.06%; aged 21.02 ± 2.98). The analysis included chi-square tests, correlation analysis, ANCOVA, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analysis and Relative Risk ratios. Results: Dysphoria was present in 15.66% and probable depression in 25.81% of the total study sample. More than half reported increase in anxiety and depression and 6.34% in suicidality, while lifestyle changes were significant. The model developed explained 18.4% of the development of depression. Believing in conspiracy theories manifested a complex effect. Close to 25% was believing that the vaccines include a chip and almost 40% suggested that facemask wearing could be a method of socio-political control. Conspiracism was related to current depression but not to history of mental disorders. Discussion: The current study reports that students are at high risk for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified specific risk factors. It also suggested a role of believing in conspiracy theories. Further research is important, as it is targeted intervention in students' groups that are vulnerable both concerning mental health and conspiracism