8 research outputs found

    Learning to sing like your neighbours: a long-term field study in the black redstart Phoenicurus ochruros

    No full text
    International audienceBoth humans and oscine songbirds learn their vocalizations by imitating mainly conspecific adults. In oscine songbirds, song learning programs are diverse; for example, some species can only learn during the first months before their songs crystalize while others can learn new songs throughout their lives. We investigated the lifetime evolution of male song repertoires in a migratory population of a territorial songbird, the black redstart, by recording colour-ringed individuals during eight consecutive breeding seasons (2015-2022). Our study population is situated in a French mountain village of the Forez mountains with scattered patches of human buildings which constitute the breeding habitat of the black redstarts. We previously described the existence of micro-dialects between the different male clusters of 2-8 territorial birds. Males (n=24) were recorded at their arrival from migration for their first breeding season as well as during the following years. Most males sang the full local dialect upon arrival and those individuals kept their song repertoires stable throughout their lifetime (2 to 8 years). Those who shared only a few or no songs with their neighbours when they first established breeding territories (9/24), changed their repertoires mostly at their arrival for their second breeding season. Three types of modifications were observed: 1) addition of shared songs (4 individuals), 2) selective attrition of unshared songs (6 individuals) and 3) syllable structure adjustments (3 individuals). All the repertoire changes resulted in an increase in song sharing with neighbours. Our results suggest that black redstarts are able to adapt their song repertoires to their social environment

    Learning to sing like your neighbours: a long-term field study in the black redstart Phoenicurus ochruros

    No full text
    International audienceBoth humans and oscine songbirds learn their vocalizations by imitating mainly conspecific adults. In oscine songbirds, song learning programs are diverse; for example, some species can only learn during the first months before their songs crystalize while others can learn new songs throughout their lives. We investigated the lifetime evolution of male song repertoires in a migratory population of a territorial songbird, the black redstart, by recording colour-ringed individuals during eight consecutive breeding seasons (2015-2022). Our study population is situated in a French mountain village of the Forez mountains with scattered patches of human buildings which constitute the breeding habitat of the black redstarts. We previously described the existence of micro-dialects between the different male clusters of 2-8 territorial birds. Males (n=24) were recorded at their arrival from migration for their first breeding season as well as during the following years. Most males sang the full local dialect upon arrival and those individuals kept their song repertoires stable throughout their lifetime (2 to 8 years). Those who shared only a few or no songs with their neighbours when they first established breeding territories (9/24), changed their repertoires mostly at their arrival for their second breeding season. Three types of modifications were observed: 1) addition of shared songs (4 individuals), 2) selective attrition of unshared songs (6 individuals) and 3) syllable structure adjustments (3 individuals). All the repertoire changes resulted in an increase in song sharing with neighbours. Our results suggest that black redstarts are able to adapt their song repertoires to their social environment

    Discrimination entre les chants du micro-dialecte local et les chants Ă©trangers chez un oiseau chanteur, le rougequeue noir, Phoenicurus ochruros

    No full text
    International audienceLes dialectes vocaux ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits chez plusieurs espĂšces animales telles que les humains, les cĂ©tacĂ©s, les chauves-souris et les oiseaux. Ils se caractĂ©risent par une variation gĂ©ographique des signaux vocaux avec des frontiĂšres marquĂ©es entre les rĂ©gions et peuvent s’étendre sur plusieurs centaines de kilomĂštres Ă  moins de dix kilomĂštres. Dans le cas oĂč ces dialectes sont fortement restreints spatialement, le terme de micro-dialectes est employĂ©. Les dialectes chez les oiseaux ont Ă©tĂ© largement Ă©tudiĂ©s, depuis qu’ils ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits pour la premiĂšre fois en 1962, par Marler et Tamura, chez le bruant Ă  couronne blanche (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Chez la plupart des espĂšces testĂ©es, les mĂąles et les femelles rĂ©agissent plus fortement aux chants locaux qu’aux chants Ă©trangers. NĂ©anmoins, la plupart des Ă©tudes ont Ă©tĂ© menĂ©es sur des espĂšces dont les dialectes s’étendent sur de grandes distances, tandis que les espĂšces Ă  micro-dialectes restent Ă  ce jour peu Ă©tudiĂ©es. Nous avons testĂ© la capacitĂ© de discriminer entre les chants locaux et les chants Ă©trangers chez une espĂšce territoriale d’oiseaux chanteurs qui prĂ©sente des micro-dialectes, le rougequeue noir. Nous avons suivi une population migratrice situĂ©e dans un village des monts du Forez (Loire 42). Seuls les mĂąles chantent et leurs territoires se superposent aux bĂątiments, regroupĂ©s en hameaux. Cette sĂ©lection spĂ©cifique de l’habitat conduit Ă  de petits voisinages (2-8 mĂąles), avec un important partage de chants entre voisins (micro-dialectes). Nous avons testĂ© 26 mĂąles au cours de deux saisons de reproduction consĂ©cutives (2021 et 2022) grĂące au test de repasse. Nous avons diffusĂ© deux stimuli vocaux non-familiers : un chant du micro- dialecte local et un chant d’un micro-dialecte Ă©tranger. Nous avons Ă©mis l’hypothĂšse que les mĂąles seront plus agressifs envers les chants du micro-dialecte local. Nous avons mesurĂ© les rĂ©ponses comportementales des mĂąles pendant ce test. Seul le comportement d’approche du haut-parleur, durant la diffusion, prĂ©sente une diffĂ©rence entre les deux traitements : les mĂąles ont passĂ© plus de temps prĂšs de celui-ci pour le chant local, alors qu’ils ont effectuĂ© un plus grand nombre de vols au-dessus du haut-parleur pour le chant Ă©tranger. Ces rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent que les rougequeues noirs mĂąles sont capables de distinguer les micro-dialectes locaux des micro-dialectes Ă©trangers, en cohĂ©rence avec la littĂ©rature existante sur les espĂšces Ă  dialectes plus Ă©tendus. Des Ă©tudes complĂ©mentaires demeurent toutefois nĂ©cessaires pour comprendre davantage l’éventuelle fonction des micro-dialectes chez le rougequeue noir, et plus largement chez les oiseaux

    Male black redstarts, Phoenicurus ochruros, react more aggressively to songs of local versus foreign micro-dialects

    No full text
    International audienceVocal dialects have been described in several taxa such as humans, cetaceans, bats and birds. They are characterized by geographic variation in vocal signals and can range from several hundred kilometres to less than two kilometres (micro-dialects). Most studies reported stronger responses by both males and females to local compared to foreign songs but up to date species with micro-dialects remain poorly studied. We studied a migratory population of a territorial songbird, the black redstart, in a French mountain village. Only males sing and they defend territories around farms and houses. The patchy distribution of the buildings leads to small neighbourhoods (2-8 males), with important song sharing between neighbours but low song sharing between different building patches (micro-dialects). We broadcast during the 2021 and 2022 breeding seasons (April-May) two non-familiar vocal stimuli: a song of the local micro-dialect and a song of a foreign micro-dialect. We hypothesized that birds’ territorial responses will be stronger towards the songs of the local micro-dialect. In line with our prediction males (n=26) spent more time near the loudspeaker and performed less flights over the speaker for the local song treatment.These results suggest that male black redstarts discriminate between local and foreign micro-dialects, consistently with the existing literature on species with broader dialects. Further studies are needed to understand the function of the micro-dialects in the black redstart and more broadly in songbirds

    Male black redstarts, Phoenicurus ochruros, react more aggressively to songs of local versus foreign micro-dialects

    No full text
    International audienceVocal dialects have been described in several taxa such as humans, cetaceans, bats and birds. They are characterized by geographic variation in vocal signals and can range from several hundred kilometres to less than two kilometres (micro-dialects). Most studies reported stronger responses by both males and females to local compared to foreign songs but up to date species with micro-dialects remain poorly studied. We studied a migratory population of a territorial songbird, the black redstart, in a French mountain village. Only males sing and they defend territories around farms and houses. The patchy distribution of the buildings leads to small neighbourhoods (2-8 males), with important song sharing between neighbours but low song sharing between different building patches (micro-dialects). We broadcast during the 2021 and 2022 breeding seasons (April-May) two non-familiar vocal stimuli: a song of the local micro-dialect and a song of a foreign micro-dialect. We hypothesized that birds’ territorial responses will be stronger towards the songs of the local micro-dialect. In line with our prediction males (n=26) spent more time near the loudspeaker and performed less flights over the speaker for the local song treatment.These results suggest that male black redstarts discriminate between local and foreign micro-dialects, consistently with the existing literature on species with broader dialects. Further studies are needed to understand the function of the micro-dialects in the black redstart and more broadly in songbirds

    Discrimination entre les chants du micro-dialecte local et les chants Ă©trangers chez un oiseau chanteur, le rougequeue noir, Phoenicurus ochruros

    No full text
    International audienceLes dialectes vocaux ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits chez plusieurs espĂšces animales telles que les humains, les cĂ©tacĂ©s, les chauves-souris et les oiseaux. Ils se caractĂ©risent par une variation gĂ©ographique des signaux vocaux avec des frontiĂšres marquĂ©es entre les rĂ©gions et peuvent s’étendre sur plusieurs centaines de kilomĂštres Ă  moins de dix kilomĂštres. Dans le cas oĂč ces dialectes sont fortement restreints spatialement, le terme de micro-dialectes est employĂ©. Les dialectes chez les oiseaux ont Ă©tĂ© largement Ă©tudiĂ©s, depuis qu’ils ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©crits pour la premiĂšre fois en 1962, par Marler et Tamura, chez le bruant Ă  couronne blanche (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Chez la plupart des espĂšces testĂ©es, les mĂąles et les femelles rĂ©agissent plus fortement aux chants locaux qu’aux chants Ă©trangers. NĂ©anmoins, la plupart des Ă©tudes ont Ă©tĂ© menĂ©es sur des espĂšces dont les dialectes s’étendent sur de grandes distances, tandis que les espĂšces Ă  micro-dialectes restent Ă  ce jour peu Ă©tudiĂ©es. Nous avons testĂ© la capacitĂ© de discriminer entre les chants locaux et les chants Ă©trangers chez une espĂšce territoriale d’oiseaux chanteurs qui prĂ©sente des micro-dialectes, le rougequeue noir. Nous avons suivi une population migratrice situĂ©e dans un village des monts du Forez (Loire 42). Seuls les mĂąles chantent et leurs territoires se superposent aux bĂątiments, regroupĂ©s en hameaux. Cette sĂ©lection spĂ©cifique de l’habitat conduit Ă  de petits voisinages (2-8 mĂąles), avec un important partage de chants entre voisins (micro-dialectes). Nous avons testĂ© 26 mĂąles au cours de deux saisons de reproduction consĂ©cutives (2021 et 2022) grĂące au test de repasse. Nous avons diffusĂ© deux stimuli vocaux non-familiers : un chant du micro- dialecte local et un chant d’un micro-dialecte Ă©tranger. Nous avons Ă©mis l’hypothĂšse que les mĂąles seront plus agressifs envers les chants du micro-dialecte local. Nous avons mesurĂ© les rĂ©ponses comportementales des mĂąles pendant ce test. Seul le comportement d’approche du haut-parleur, durant la diffusion, prĂ©sente une diffĂ©rence entre les deux traitements : les mĂąles ont passĂ© plus de temps prĂšs de celui-ci pour le chant local, alors qu’ils ont effectuĂ© un plus grand nombre de vols au-dessus du haut-parleur pour le chant Ă©tranger. Ces rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent que les rougequeues noirs mĂąles sont capables de distinguer les micro-dialectes locaux des micro-dialectes Ă©trangers, en cohĂ©rence avec la littĂ©rature existante sur les espĂšces Ă  dialectes plus Ă©tendus. Des Ă©tudes complĂ©mentaires demeurent toutefois nĂ©cessaires pour comprendre davantage l’éventuelle fonction des micro-dialectes chez le rougequeue noir, et plus largement chez les oiseaux

    Age-related song repertoire changes in a songbird: the black redstart

    No full text
    Songbirds learn their songs but their sensitive periods vary: some species end their learning period when several months-old while others learn throughout their lives. We investigated the turnover of song repertoires in a migratory population of a territorial songbird, the black redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros), following colour-ringed individuals during seven breeding seasons (2007-2008 and 2015-2019). Birds have an uneven spatial distribution resulting in groups of 2-8 territorial males sharing most of their songs (microdialects). We recorded 17 one-year-old males on the day of their arrival from migration (March) and again one month later. Most birds (15/17) sang the local dialect when they arrived but two males sang diïŹ€erent song types. We did not observe modiïŹcations during their ïŹrst breeding season but one year later these latter two individuals added some songs from the local dialect to their repertoire and one of them progressively dropped all of his non-shared songs. Eighteen additional males aged at least two years old were recorded over two consecutive breeding seasons. None of them added or dropped any songs from one year to the next. These results suggest that male black redstarts learn their songs during their ïŹrst autumn, prior to migration. If they return to the exact hamlet where they learned their songs they do not modify their repertoires, but if they return to a neighbouring hamlet they are able to learn the speciïŹc dialect of that hamlet; however, they do not express it immediately, suggesting the existence of a delayed vocal imitation
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