Uncertainties and shortcomings of ground surface temperature histories derived from inversion of temperature logs

Analysing borehole temperature data in terms of ground surface history can add useful information to reconstructions of past climates. Therefore, a rigorous assessment of uncertainties and error sources is a necessary prerequisite for the meaningful interpretation of such ground surface temperature histories. This study analyses the most prominent sources of uncertainty. The diffusive nature of the process makes the inversion relatively robust against incomplete knowledge of the thermal diffusivity. Similarly the influence of heat production is small. It turns out that for investigations of the last 1000 to 100000 years the maximum depth of the temperature log is crucial. More than 3000 m are required for an optimal inversion. Reconstructions of the last one or two millennia require only modestly deep logs (>300 m) but suffer severely from noisy data.Comment: 28 pages, 18 figure, 3 table

Anemia Control in Kidney Transplant Recipients Using Once-Monthly Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator: A Prospective, Observational Study

In a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 279 kidney transplant recipients with anemia, the efficacy and safety of once-monthly continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (C.E.R.A.) were assessed to a maximum of 15 months. The main efficacy variable was the proportion of patients achieving a hemoglobin level of 11-12 g/dL at each of visits between months 7 and 9. At study entry, 224 patients (80.3%) were receiving erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) therapy including darbepoetin alfa (98), epoetin beta (61), and C.E.R.A. (45). The mean (SD) time between C.E.R.A. applications was 34.0 (11.9) days. Among 193 patients for whom efficacy data were available, mean (SD) hemoglobin was 11.1 (0.99) g/dL at study entry, 11.5 (1.1) g/dL at month 7, 11.6 (1.3) g/dL at month 9, and 11.4 (1.1) g/dL at month 15. During months 7–9, 20.7% of patients had all hemoglobin values within the range 11-12 g/dL and 64.8% were within 10–13 g/dL. Seven patients (2.5%) discontinued C.E.R.A. due to adverse events or serious adverse events. In this observational trial under real-life conditions, once-monthly C.E.R.A. therapy achieved stable hemoglobin levels in stable kidney transplant recipients with good tolerability, and with no requirement for any dose change in 43% of patients

Thermal Conductivity from Core and Well log Data

The relationships between thermal conductivity and other petrophysical properties have been analysed for a borehole drilled in a Tertiary Flysch sequence. We establish equations that permit us to predict rock thermal conductivity from logging data. A regression analysis of thermal conductivity, bulk density, and sonic velocity yields thermal conductivity with an average accuracy of better than 0.2 W/(m K). As a second step, logging data is used to compute a lithological depth profile, which in turn is used to calculate a thermal conductivity profile. From a comparison of the conductivity-depth profile and the laboratory data it can be concluded that thermal conductivity can be computed with an accuracy of less than 0.3 W/(m K)from conventional wireline data. The comparison of two different models shows that this approach can be practical even if old and incomplete logging data is used. The results can be used to infer thermal conductivity for boreholes without appropriate core data that are drilled in a similar geological setting.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure, 3 table

Информационная система поддержки образовательного процесса МБОУ "Арлюкская СОШ"

Цель работы – создание информационной системы поддержки образовательного процесса в МБОУ "Арлюкская СОШ". В процессе исследования проводилось изучение специфики образовательной деятельности муниципальной организации. Проведен теоретический анализ, проектирование и разработка информационной системы. В результате исследования разработана информационная система, реализующая следующие функции: учет участников образовательного процесса; учет документации учебного процесса; учет и анализ показателей образовательной деятельности; поддержка взаимосвязи между сотрудниками СОШ.The purpose of the work is the creation of an information system for supporting the educational process in the MBGEI "Arlyukskaya MSGE". In the process of research, the study of the specifics of the activity of the educational organization was conducted. Theoretical analysis, design and development of the information system were carried out. As a result of the research, an information system has been developed that implements the following functions: accounting of participants in the educational process; accounting of educational process documentation; accounting and analysis of indicators of educational activities; support for the relationship between the staff of the school

Clusters as a basic of improving the economic competitiveness

World practice shows that support of high-technological clusters development is the important constituent of the innovative activity. It`s proved that creation of the such clusters in different countries leads to a considerable progress at development fields and regions, which were at unfavorable economic state. This article explains what a cluster is and how can help а cluster policy of Russia to increase national and regional competitiveness.Мировая практика показывает, что важной составляющей стратегий активизации инновационной деятельности является поддержка формирования высокотехнологичных кластеров. Доказано, что создание таких кластеров в разных странах привело к значительным достижениям в развитии отраслей и регионов, ранее находившихся в неблагоприятном экономическом положении. В настоящей статье рассматривается, что представляет собой кластер и каким образом проведение кластерной политики может помочь России в повышении уровня национальной и региональной конкурентоспособности