Maui Wildfires: A Case Study in Local Government Crisis Communication Response

When wildfires swept through the island of Maui in Hawai‘i in August 2023, the communities of Olinda, Kula and especially Lahaina were devastated. Thousands of people were displaced, and nearly 100 people were lost. Just like the speed at which the fiery winds consumed these towns, accusations of emergency mismanagement and a host of misinformation spread by word of mouth and online. The primary local government authority for these communities is the County of Maui, currently led by Mayor Richard Bissen. This case study examines the first month of communication from the County of Maui to the affected communities via Facebook, the county\u27s primary social media channel that also functioned as a livestream for press conferences. Using content analysis, this study aims to determine what effects, positive or negative, direct communication through Facebook had on public opinion and trust in the county\u27s response

Anti-Stokes laser cooling in bulk Erbium-doped materials

We report the first observation of anti-Stokes laser-induced cooling in the Er^{3+}:KPb_{2}Cl_{5} crystal and in the Er^{3+}:CNBZn (CdF_{2}-CdCl_{2}-NaF-BaF_{2}-BaCl_{2}-ZnF_{2}) glass. The internal cooling efficiencies have been calculated by using photothermal deflection spectroscopy. Thermal scans acquired with an infrared thermal camera proved the bulk cooling capability of the studied samples. Implications of these results are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. The figures enclosed with this submission are low quality ones. Versions of this paper with high quality figures are available upon reques

Датчик угла шарового гироскопа

При работе с гироскопическим прибором, важнейшим информационным параметром является угловое положение оси вращения ротора, относительно корпуса прибора. Существует много различных способов съема угловой информации, подходящих под ту или иную задачу. В первую очередь, для выбора принципа работы датчика, требуется изучить конструкцию прибора, на котором будет установлен датчик угла (ДУ), и установить требования, согласно которым будет разрабатываться датчик угла. В данной работе требуется рассмотреть всевозможные типа оптических датчиков, подобрать наиболее подходящий тип, и провести исследование по возможному использованию данного датчика на имеющейся конструкции гироскопического прибора с газодинамической подвесом шарового ротора.When working with a gyro instrument, the most important information parameter is the angular position of the axis of rotation of the rotor, relative to the body of the device. There are many different ways to remove the angular information, suitable for a particular task. First of all, to select the principle of the sensor, it is required to study the design of the device on which the angle sensor will be installed and establish the requirements according to which the angle sensor will be developed. In this paper, it is required to consider all possible types of optical sensors, to select the most suitable type, and to conduct a study on the possible use of this sensor on the existing design of a gyroscopic device with a gas-dynamic suspension of a spherical rotor

Управление затратами предприятия

Объектом исследования является УМП "Комбинат спецобслуживания". Целью работы является разработка мероприятий по совершенствованию системы управления затратами УМП "Комбинат спецослуживания". В процессе исследования проводился анализ деятельности предприятия и разработка мероприятий по совершенствованию системы управления затратами предприятия. Результаты анализа деятельности предприятия и разработанные мероприятия по совершенствованию системы управления затратами УМП "Комбинат спецобслуживания" могут быть использованы для разработки новой методологии управления затратами и внедрены в систему управления затратами на предприятии на примере метода АВС. Проведен анализ деятельности предприятия, а также разработаны новые системы управления затратами предприятия на примере метода АВС.The object of the study is the UMP "Combinat specobsluzhvaniya". The purpose of the work is to develop measures to improve the cost management system of the " Combinat specobsluzhvaniya ". In the process of the study, an analysis of the enterprise's activities and development of measures to improve the enterprise cost management system was conducted. The results of the enterprise activity analysis and the developed measures to improve the cost management system of the " Combinat specobsluzhvaniya " can be used to develop a new methodology for cost management and implemented in the enterprise cost management system using the ABC method as an example. The enterprise activity analysis is carried out, and new enterprise cost management systems are developed using the ABC method as an example

Fat crystallite thickness distribution based on SAXD peak shape analysis

Understanding of the multiscale structuring capability of triacylglycerols (TAGs) can be enhanced through knowledge of the crystallite thickness distribution (CTD), which can be obtained through X‐ray diffraction peak shape analysis. The Fourier‐transformation‐based Bertaut–Warren–Averbach (BWA) method provides an approach to resolve CTDs in TAGs, where molecules are packed in repeating layers. The feasibility of using the BWA method is demonstrated for small angle X‐ray diffraction (SAXD) measurements on both laboratory equipment and a synchrotron beamline for model TAG systems and real food products such as margarines. Practical Applications: The CTDs enable discrimination of margarines produced by different processing routes and may be used as a signature of network structures that underlie product texture

Properties of small molecular drug loading and diffusion in a fluorinated PEG hydrogel studied by ^1H molecular diffusion NMR and ^(19)F spin diffusion NMR

R_f-PEG (fluoroalkyl double-ended poly(ethylene glycol)) hydrogel is potentially useful as a drug delivery depot due to its advanced properties of sol–gel two-phase coexistence and low surface erosion. In this study, ^1H molecular diffusion nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ^(19)F spin diffusion NMR were used to probe the drug loading and diffusion properties of the R_f-PEG hydrogel for small anticancer drugs, 5-fluorouracil (FU) and its hydrophobic analog, 1,3-dimethyl-5-fluorouracil (DMFU). It was found that FU has a larger apparent diffusion coefficient than that of DMFU, and the diffusion of the latter was more hindered. The result of ^(19)F spin diffusion NMR for the corresponding freeze-dried samples indicates that a larger portion of DMFU resided in the R_f core/IPDU intermediate-layer region (where IPDU refers to isophorone diurethane, as a linker to interconnect the R_f group and the PEG chain) than that of FU while the opposite is true in the PEG–water phase. To understand the experimental data, a diffusion model was proposed to include: (1) hindered diffusion of the drug molecules in the R_f core/IPDU-intermediate-layer region; (2) relatively free diffusion of the drug molecules in the PEG-water phase (or region); and (3) diffusive exchange of the probe molecules between the above two regions. This study also shows that molecular diffusion NMR combined with spin diffusion NMR is useful in studying the drug loading and diffusion properties in hydrogels for the purpose of drug delivery applications