Оцінювання запасів прісної води півдня України

The method of determining available water resources and the volumes of their use are presented. The methodology uses indicators: water quantity and quality, variability, raising public awareness of water problems, access to water and vulnerability of ecosystems. On the basis of the «Atlas of Water Risk» (interactive map), based on the described method, an assessment of the availability of fresh water in southern regions of Ukraine was made using the example of data for the year 2015.Наведено методику визначення доступних водних ресурсів і обсягів їх використання за показниками кількості води, її мінливості та якості, підвищення обізнаності громадськістю про водні проблеми, доступу до води і уразливості екосистем. На базі «Атласу водного ризику» (інтерактивної карти) за описаною методикою проведено оцінювання забезпеченості південних регіонів України прісною водою на прикладі даних 2015 р

Budgetary tax instruments of the innovative activity stimulation

Досліджено важелі державного стимулювання інноваційної активності в економіці країни. Розглянуто іноземний досвід податкового стимулювання інноваційної діяльності. Визначено проблеми застосування бюджетно-податкових стимулів і чинники, що стримують розвиток інноваційної діяльності в Україні.The article deals with the investigation instruments of the public stimulation of the innovative activity in economy. The authors analyzed the international experience of tax incentives of innovation activity. Problems of using budgetary tax instruments and factors restraining of the innovative activity development in Ukraine have been defined

A social portrait of the Russian trainer

The purposes of this paper are to survey Russian trainers to create a social portrait of the professional group and to identify features, which could be arranged as a foothold for transforming this group to a new level given the demands of the modern economy. This study integrates the use of quantitative and qualitative social research strategies to obtain, aggregate, and analyze data characterizing the professional group of trainers in the Russian vocational education and training (VET) system. The basic research was provided by questionnaires in all federal districts (as recognized by international law) of the Russian Federation. The quantitative poll of trainers was conducted by representative two-level sampling. A number of tables and charts provide a social portrait of the Russian trainer. The statistical data reveal the current level of trainers’ education as well as their length of service, distribution of vocations, and other significant features. The overall conclusion from these findings indicates that a typical representative of this professional group is a woman of average or slightly advanced age with a family, who has a VET or higher education, has served as a training officer for not less than 10 years, and who has either been recruited as a highly skilled worker or as a specialist. A typical representative feels the need to change something in the life and teaching of the young people that she knows. The research into trainers as a professional group was conducted first because of their uniformity, and secondly, their typicality as a pedagogical group. In many respects, the main characteristics of the social portrait are similar to characteristics of other professional groups in the Russian education system, such as secondary and post-secondary school teachers, and VET teachers. The study is based on one country. It is the first and only survey of its type in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a unique analysis of the situation with trainers in the VET system of the Russian Federation. © 2016 Kopnov et al

Дослідження хімічного складу та протизапальної активності екстрактів сухих з журавлини великоплодої листя

Inflammation accompanies huge numbers of diseases. In case of inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used, but they have a number of side effects and disadvantages. In turn, medicines based on the medicinal plant raw material that exhibit the anti-inflammatory activity, on the contrary, are underestimated and insufficientlystudied. An interesting object in this direction is large cranberry leaves of Ericaceae family. Aim. To study the chemical composition and the anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from large cranberry leaves to establish the prospect of creating new drugs with the anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and methods. The study objects were dry extracts from large cranberry (Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.)) leaves. The chemical analysis of the extracts was studied by TLC and spectrophotometry methods. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was studied on the model of carrageenan edema. Results and discussion. Hyperoside and chlorogenic acid were identified in the extracts. In the dry extract from large cranberry leaves, the content of the total amount of derivatives of hydroxycinnamic compounds was 11.60 ± 0.05 %, and in the modified extract – 3.09 ± 0.05 %. The anti-exudative activity was more pronounced in the group of animals that received the cranberry extract with arginine in the dose of 100 mg/kg. Conclusions. Identification and the quantification of biologically active substances in large cranberry leaves extracts have been carried out; their anti-inflammatory activity has been determined.Запалення супроводжує велику кількість захворювань. Для лікування запалення використовують нестероїдні протизапальні засоби, які мають низку побічних дій та недоліків. Своєю чергою препарати на основі лікарської рослинної сировини, які проявляють протизапальну активність, навпаки є недооціненими та недостатньо вивченими. Цікавим об’єктом у цьому напрямі постає журавлини великоплодої листя родини Вересових (Ericaceae). Метою роботи було дослідити хімічний склад та протизапальну активність екстрактів із журавлини великоплодої листя для визначення перспективи створення нових лікарських засобів з протизапальною дією. Матеріали та методи. Об’єктами дослідження були екстракти сухі із журавлини великоплодої листя (Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.)). Хімічний аналіз екстрактів вивчали методами ТШХ та спектрофотометрії. Протизапальну активність екстрактів вивчали на моделі карагенінового набряку. Результати та їх обговорення. В екстрактах сухих ідентифіковано гіперозид і хлорогенову кислоту. В екстракті сухому з журавлини великоплодої листя вміст суми похідних гідроксикоричних сполук становить 11,60 ± 0,05 %, а у модифікованому – 3,09 ± 0,05 %. Антиексудативна активність більш виражена в групі тварин, які отримували екстракт журавлини великоплодої з аргініном у дозі 100 мг/кг. Висновки. Проведено ідентифікацію та кількісне визначення біологічно активних речовин в екстрактах журавлини великоплодої листя та визначено їхню протизапальну активність

Показатели экономической безопасности в научно-технологической сфере

Improving competitiveness in the scientifi c and technological sphere is one of the strategic directions for development of the national economy of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the scientifi c and technological potential and the degree of alignment of scientifi c, public and production resources come to the fore as the main components of the national power of the Russian Federation. This article addresses questions of selecting the criteria for assessing economic security in scientifi c and technological sphere amidst the formation of national innovative system in the Russian Federation using the triple helix model. The authors reviewed the existing systems of criteria and indicators, proposed matrix indicators to assess economic security in a scientifi c and technological fi eld according to the triple helix principle, calculated values of indicators according to the data from forty-three countries, made comparative analysis of the normalized partial indicators. The authors also formulated conclusion showing the strengths and weaknesses of scientifi c and technological sphere in the Russian Federation.Одним из стратегических направлений развития национальной экономики Российской Федерации является повышение ее конкурентоспособности в научно-технологической сфере. В связи с этим научно-технический потенциал и степень сопряжения научных, государственных и производственных ресурсов выходят на передний план в качестве основных составляющих национальной мощи России. В статье рассматриваются вопросы выбора критериев оценки экономической безопасности в научно-технологической сфере в период формирования национальной инновационной системы Российской Федерации по модели тройной спирали. Дана характеристика существующих систем критериев и показателей, предложена матрица показателей для оценки экономической безопасности в научно-технологической сфере по принципу тройной спирали, произведен расчет отобранных для анализа параметров по данным 43 стран и осуществлен сравнительный анализ нормированных частных показателей. Сформулированы аргументированные выводы о наличии сильных и слабых сторон научно-технологической сферы Российской Федерации

Latent risks of secondary vocational school teachers’ professional activity: results of sociological research

The article presents the results of sociological research of the work of secondary school teachers who do not have psychological and pedagogical education. The analysis of the sociological research data shows that 84.1% of teachers (the re-spondents) having no psychological and pedagogical education are of working age. Among them, 24.6% of teachers belong to the age group of up to 35 years. This leads to the problems and difficulties of modernization of vocational education. The main trends of secondary vocational education development for the next five years are updating of vocational education content, implementation of the federal government standards, professional standards, modern methods and educational technologies in the system of secondary vocational education. All these tasks cannot be fulfilled without a serious pedagogical trainingВ статье приводятся результаты социологического исследования профессиональной деятельности преподавателей СПО, не имеющих профессионально-педагогического образования. Анализ данных социологического исследования показывает, что 84,1 % преподавателей (из числа опрошенных), не имеющих профессионально-педагогического образования, находятся в наиболее активном трудоспособном возрасте. Среди них 24,6 % преподавателей, входящих в возрастную категорию до 35 лет. Это приводит к проблемам и затруднениям в реализации задач модернизации среднего профессионального образования. Основными направлениями развития системы СПО в ближайшее пятилетие станут обновление содержания профессионального образования и внедрение в системе СПО ФГОС, профессиональных стандартов, современных методик и образовательных технологий, которые нельзя освоить без серьезной педагогической подготовки. Для решения поставленных профессионально-педагогических задач сегодня уже недостаточно уровня витагенного и ситуативного педагогического опыта, имеющегося у преподавател

Modeling of influence of resourcing factors on gross regional product

The purpose of the study is to assess the degree of influence of key components of the region’s resource potential on the gross regional product per capita as the main recognized indicator of regional development and regional competitiveness based on building an econometric model with the subsequent development of a projection of changes in the indicator of a specific region under the influence of quality and quantity resource potentia

Molecular diagnostics of primary immunodeficiencies in Sverdlovsk region

The article presents the results of the work performed by the laboratory of molecular diagnostics at the Medical Center “Health Care of Mother and Child” for the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency in Sverdlovsk region over 5 years. The laboratory was organized in 2009 to verify the diagnosis of monogenic hereditary diseases included in the Neonatal Screening Program in the Russian Federation, e.g., phenylketonuria, cystic fibrosis, classical galactosemia. Over time, the range of diagnosed nosologies expanded, and since 2014, the laboratory has included in studies of a new group of disorders, i.e., congenital errors of immunity. Every year the Regional Registry of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) replenished by 20 to 70 persons, thus comprising 15 to 43% of the entire Russian Registry for these conditions. As of 03/01/2020, the registry of patients with a clinical diagnosis of “primary immunodeficiency” consisted of 526 people, more than half of them (275) being children under 18 years of age. According to the expert calculations, the frequency of detected PID cases in the Sverdlovsk region is 1:10 480 inhabitants, which indicates not only high level of the existing clinical immunology service, but also the high expected frequency of PID in the region. Until 2014, verification of the “primary immunodeficiency” diagnosis in the patients from Sverdlovsk region was traditionally carried out in Moscow clinics (Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow Research Centre for Medical Genetics). Over 6 years of cooperation between regional immunological service with the medical genetic center, 47 children received molecular genetic confirmation of the diagnosis of congenital immunity errors at the laboratory of Regional Medical Center “Health Care of Mother and Child”. The authors present the data of Regional Registry of patients, classified into nosological forms of immune-dependent pathology and provide a detailed description of diagnostic procedures for the patients with various PIDs. A deletion of chromosome 22 (Di Giorgi syndrome) was found in 43 people, mutations in the Btk gene (X-linked agammaglobulinemia) were revealed in 7 patients and 6 members of their families, Nijmegen syndrome was confirmed in 1 child, a familial case of ADA-deficiency, difficult for diagnostics, was decided. The results of the study encourage the authors for further expansion of the spectrum of detectable disorders diagnosis, and give a hope that development of regional laboratories at this level may improve the diagnostic algorithm for PID diagnostic procedures in Russia, i.e., from prenatal and neonatal screening to the development of gene therapy for certain forms of immune-dependent disorders

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ФОРМ І МЕТОДІВ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ЛІКАРІВ ПО МОДУЛЮ “ГАСТРОЕНТЕРОЛОГІЯ”

The aim of the work – formation of a desire for self-education and self-improvement, which is ensured by the use of modern technologies of interactive learning in the continuous postgraduate education of doctors at the module of Gastroenterology. The main body. The article presents the use of traditional and interactive methods of teaching, such as problem-oriented learning, focused learning, distance learning, computer testing with usage of the licensed computer program “Elex” at the module of Gastroenterology. There were characterized and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages. Conclusions. The use of various methods and forms of training in the continuous postgraduate education of doctors allows to activate the learning process itself, raise the level of training of those who study, direct all efforts to form students’ desire to self-education and self-improvement. All this contributes to the harmonious, creative and professional development of a doctor.Мета роботи – формування у практичного лікаря прагнень до самонавчання, самовдосконалення та самовиховання, що забезпечується використанням сучасних технологій інтерактивного навчання у безперервній післядипломній освіті лікарів по модулю “Гастроентерологія”. Основна частина. У статті висвітлено використання поряд із традиційними методами навчання інтерактивних методів, зокрема таких, як навчання, яке орієнтоване на проблему, концентроване навчання, дистанційне навчання, проведення комп’ютерного тестування за допомогою ліцензованої комп’ютерної програми “Elex” лікарів по модулю “Гастроентерологія”. Охарактеризовані та проаналізовані їх переваги та недоліки. Висновки. Використання різноманітних методів та форм  навчання  у безперервній післядипломній освіті лікарів дозволяє активувати сам процес навчання, підняти рівень підготовки тих, хто навчається, направити всі зусилля на формування у слухача прагнень до самонавчання та самовиховання. Все це сприяє гармонійному, творчому та професійному розвитку лікаря

Increased circulating ANG II and TNF-α represents important risk factors in obese Saudi adults with hypertension irrespective of diabetic status and BMI

Central adiposity is a significant determinant of obesity-related hypertension risk, which may arise due to the pathogenic inflammatory nature of the abdominal fat depot. However, the influence of pro-inflammatory adipokines on blood pressure in the obese hypertensive phenotype has not been well established in Saudi subjects. As such, our study investigated whether inflammatory factors may represent useful biomarkers to delineate hypertension risk in a Saudi cohort with and without hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Subjects were subdivided into four groups: healthy lean controls (age: 47.9±5.1 yr; BMI: 22.9±2.1 Kg/m2), non-hypertensive obese (age: 46.1±5.0 yr; BMI: 33.7±4.2 Kg/m2), hypertensive obese (age: 48.6±6.1 yr; BMI: 36.5±7.7 Kg/m2) and hypertensive obese with DMT2 (age: 50.8±6.0 yr; BMI: 35.3±6.7 Kg/m2). Anthropometric data were collected from all subjects and fasting blood samples were utilized for biochemical analysis. Serum angiotensin II (ANG II) levels were elevated in hypertensive obese (p<0.05) and hypertensive obese with DMT2 (p<0.001) compared with normotensive controls. Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with BMI (p<0.001), glucose (p<0.001), insulin (p<0.05), HOMA-IR (p<0.001), leptin (p<0.01), TNF-α (p<0.001) and ANG II (p<0.05). Associations between ANG II and TNF-α with systolic blood pressure remained significant after controlling for BMI. Additionally CRP (p<0.05), leptin (p<0.001) and leptin/adiponectin ratio (p<0.001) were also significantly associated with the hypertension phenotype. In conclusion our data suggests that circulating pro-inflammatory adipokines, particularly ANG II and, TNF-α, represent important factors associated with a hypertension phenotype and may directly contribute to predicting and exacerbating hypertension risk