Regional Investment Policy Under the Impact of Budget Limitations and Economic Sanctions

The article is devoted to the assessment of influence of budgetary restrictions and economic sanctions on investment policy of a region. The paper studies the bilateral negative effect on socio-economic development of regions from both the external sanctions and braking mechanism of economic development within the country. On the basis of the comparative and statistical analysis, the need to change focus of investment policy from the growth in volumes to qualitative perfecting is proved. The new direction of investment policy connected with the import substitution process realization, its combination with acceleration of innovative development on the certain example of Sverdlovsk region is analyzed. The conclusions and offers stated in the article are applicable to the public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation, experts in the sphere of regional investment policy and improvement of investment climate, and also the specialized organizations specialized in attracting investment and work with investors in regions of Russia

White light-emitting diodes for optical stimulation of aluminium oxide in OSL dosimetry

The results of comparative investigations into the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of anion-defective corundum excited by radiation of blue and white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are reported. The continuous-wave OSL (CW-OSL) measurements showed that the white LED (compared to the blue LED) and the chosen geometry allow the amplitude of the OSL response to increase by a factor of more than 40 and the dosimetric information readout time to decrease by a factor of 20. The effect of deep traps on the behavior of the CW-OSL curves of anion-defective corundum was studied. It was found that the filling of deep traps essentially increases the TL yield with a dosimetric peak at 450 K and the CW-OSL-yield under stimulation with blue and white LEDs. It was also found that this filling causes a considerable change in the shape of the OSL curve and the time parameters of the decay. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Parametric frequency mixing in the magneto-elastically driven FMR-oscillator

We demonstrate the nonlinear frequency conversion of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency by optically excited elastic waves in a thin metallic film on dielectric substrates. Time-resolved probing of the magnetization directly witnesses magneto-elastically driven second harmonic generation, sum- and difference frequency mixing from two distinct frequencies, as well as parametric downconversion of each individual drive frequency. Starting from the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations, we derive an analytical equation of an elastically driven nonlinear parametric oscillator and show that frequency mixing is dominated by the parametric modulation of FMR frequency

Random raman fiber laser based on a twin-core fiber with FBGs inscribed by femtosecond radiation

Narrowband Raman lasing in a polarization-maintaining two-core fiber (TCF) is demonstrated. Femtosecond point-by-point inscription of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in individual cores produces a half-open cavity with random distributed feedback. The laser linewidth in the cavity with a single FBG inscribed in one core of the TCF reduced by ∼2 times with respect to the cavity with a fiber loop mirror. It is shown that the inscription of two FBGs in different cores leads to the formation of a Michelson-type interferometer, leading to the modulation of generation spectra near threshold. This technique offers new possibilities for spectral filtering or multi-wavelength generation

Effect of iron doping on the properties of nanopowders and coatings on the basis of Al2O3 produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation

Multiphase nanopowders (NPs) and amorphous/amorphous-nanocrystalline coatings (A-NC) have been prepared by the evaporation of ceramic targets of Al2O3-Fe2O3 (0.1, 3, 5 Fe2O3 mass %) by a pulsed electron beam in vacuum. The specific surface area of NP Al2O3-Fe2O3 reached 277 m2/g. The α and γ phases Al2O3 and other nonidentified phases have been found in the composition of NP Al2O3-Fe2O3. All coatings contained an insignificant fraction of the crystalline γ phase. No secondary phases on the basis of iron have been revealed. According to transmission electron microscopy, the fine fraction of NP Al2O3-Fe2O3 consists of amorphous nanoparticles of an irregular and quasispherical shape no more than 10 nm in size which form agglomerates reaching 1.5 μm. A large fraction of NPs consists of crystal spherical nanoparticles with preferential sizes of about 10-20 nm. All NP Al2O3-Fe2O3 showed ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. The maximum magnetic response has been established in NPs with a minimum iron content (1.1 mass %). The pulsed cathode luminescence spectra of coatings and NP Al2O3-Fe2O3 have been presented by a wide band in the wavelength range of 300-900 nm regardless of their phase composition. Phase transformations into NP AL2O3-1.1% Fe and coatings from undoped Al2O3 heated to 1400°C occur according to the following scheme: amorphous phase → γ → δ → θ → α, regardless of their initial phase composition. The threshold of thermal stability of the Γ phase in NPs and the coating of undoped Al2O3 does not exceed 830°C. For the first time, the increased thermo and optically stimulated luminescent response comparable with the response of the leading TLD-500K thermoluminescent dosimeter has been reached in A-NC coatings of undoped Al2O3. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Luminescent and dosimetric properties of thin nanostructured layers of aluminum oxide obtained using evaporation of a target by a pulsed electron beam

Results of a study of optically and thermally stimulated luminescence (OSL and TL) of thin nanostructured aluminum oxide coatings obtained with evaporation of the target by a pulsed electron beam and deposited on quartz glass, Al, steel, Cu, Ta, and graphite wafers are presented. It follows from data of X-ray phase analysis that the obtained Al2O3 layers have an amorphous nanocrystal structure with different contents of the γ phase depending on the geometry of the wafer location on evaporation and annealing temperature of the samples. It is established that the material of the wafer and the ratio of the amorphous and γ phase in Al2O3 layers affect the yields of OSL and TL. Annealing at up to 970 K results in an increase of γ-phase concentration and OSL and TL responses. It was found that the yields of OSL and TL for the most emission-effective coating samples are comparable with those for the detectors on the basis of anion-defective corundum. The dose-dependence for β radiation, which was linear in the range 20-5000 mGy, was investigated. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Interaction between superconducting vortices and Bloch wall in ferrite garnet film

Interaction between a Bloch wall in a ferrite-garnet film and a vortex in a superconductor is analyzed in the London approximation. Equilibrium distribution of vortices formed around the Bloch wall is calculated. The results agree quantitatively with magneto-optical experiment where an in-plane magnetized ferrite-garnet film placed on top of NbSe2 superconductor allows observation of individual vortices. In particular, our model can reproduce a counter-intuitive attraction observed between vortices and a Bloch wall having the opposite polarity. It is explained by magnetic charges appearing due to discontinuity of the in-plane magnetization across the wall.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Novel Nonreciprocal Acoustic Effects in Antiferromagnets

The possible occurrence of nonreciprocal acoustic effects in antiferromagnets in the absence of an external magnetic field is investigated using both (i) a microscopic formulation of the magnetoelastic interaction between spins and phonons and (ii) symmetry arguments. We predict for certain antiferromagnets the existence of two new nonreciprocal (non-time invariant) effects: A boundary-condition induced nonreciprocal effect and the occurrence of transversal phonon modes propagating in opposite directions having different velocities. Estimates are given and possible materials for these effects to be observed are suggested.Comment: Euro. Phys. Lett. (in press

Excitation Thresholds for Nonlinear Localized Modes on Lattices

Breathers are spatially localized and time periodic solutions of extended Hamiltonian dynamical systems. In this paper we study excitation thresholds for (nonlinearly dynamically stable) ground state breather or standing wave solutions for networks of coupled nonlinear oscillators and wave equations of nonlinear Schr\"odinger (NLS) type. Excitation thresholds are rigorously characterized by variational methods. The excitation threshold is related to the optimal (best) constant in a class of discr ete interpolation inequalities related to the Hamiltonian energy. We establish a precise connection among $d$, the dimensionality of the lattice, $2\sigma+1$, the degree of the nonlinearity and the existence of an excitation threshold for discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger systems (DNLS). We prove that if $\sigma\ge 2/d$, then ground state standing waves exist if and only if the total power is larger than some strictly positive threshold, $\nu_{thresh}(\sigma, d)$. This proves a conjecture of Flach, Kaldko& MacKay in the context of DNLS. We also discuss upper and lower bounds for excitation thresholds for ground states of coupled systems of NLS equations, which arise in the modeling of pulse propagation in coupled arrays of optical fibers.Comment: To appear in Nonlinearit

Синтез, протимікробна активність та докінгові дослідження 6-(1H-бензімідазол-2- іл)-5-метилтієно[2,3-d]піримідин-4(3H)-онів з ацетамідними та 1,2,4-оксадіазол-5- ілметильними замісниками

Aim. To synthesize, study the antimicrobial activity and suggest antimicrobial activity mechanism for the novel derivatives of 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one. Results and discussion. As the result of the targeted modification of 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-5-methylthieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4(3H)-one in position 3 with acetamide and 1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-ylmethyl substituents, the compounds, which demonstrated better antimicrobial activity in the agar well diffusion assay than the reference drug Streptomycin, were obtained. To elucidate the mechanism of action of the novel compounds, the docking studies were con-ducted to the active site of the 16S subunit of ribosomal RNA, the proven target for aminoglycoside antibiotics, as well as tRNA (Guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD), which inhibitors were considered as a new potential class of antibiotics. Experimental part. By the interaction of 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-5-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one with a series of N-arylchloroacetamides and 3-aryl-5-(chloromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in DMF in the presence of K2CO3 the target compounds were obtained. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by the agar well diffusion method. The concentration of microbial cells was determined by the McFarland standard; the value was 107 cells in 1 mL of the media. The 18 – 24 hour culture of microorganisms was used for tests. For the bacteria cultivation, Müller-Hinton agar was used, Sabouraud agar was applied for C. albicans cultivation. The compounds were tested as the DMSO solution with the concentration of 100 µg/mL; the volume of the solution was 0.3 mL, the same volume was used for Streptomycin (the concentration 30 µg/mL). The docking studies were performed using Autodock Vina. Crystallographic data for the complexes of Streptomycin with the 16S subunit of ribosomal RNA (1NTB) and its active site, as well as for tRNA (Guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.228; TrmD) (5ZHN) and its active site were obtained from the Protein Data Bank.Conclusions. It has been determined that 2-[6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-4-oxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(4H)-yl]-N-[4-(ethoxy)phenyl]acetamide, which is the most active as an antimicrobial agent among the compounds tested, also shows the best binding activity towards the active site of tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase.Мета. Синтезувати й дослідити протимікробну активність нових похідних 6-(1H-бензімідазол-2-іл)-5-метилтієно[2,3-d]піримідин-4(3H)-онів та запропонувати механізм протимікробної активності.Результати та їх обговорення. У результаті цілеспрямованої модифікації положення 3 6-(1H-бензімідазол-2-іл)-5-метилтієно[2,3-d]піримідин-4(3H)-ону ацетамідним та 1,2,4-оксадіазол-5-ілметильним замісниками було одержано сполуки з визначеною методом дифузії в агар протимікробною активністю, що є більшою за активність препарату порівняння Стрептоміцину. З метою з’ясування механізму дії синтезованих сполук було проведено докінгові дослідження щодо активного сайту субодиниці 16S рибосомальної РНК, яка є підтвердженою мішенню для аміноглікозидних антибіотиків, а також тРНК (Гуанін-37-N1)-метилтрансферази (TrmD), інгібітори якої розглядаються як новий потенційний клас антибіотиків. Експериментальна частина. Шляхом взаємодії 6-(1H-бензімідазол-2-іл)-5-метилтієно[2,3-d]піримідин-4(3H)-ону з рядом N-арилхлороацетамідів та 3-арил-5-(хлорометил)-1,2,4-оксадіазолів в умовах ДМФА-K2CO3 було одержано цільові сполуки. Антимікробну активність визначали методом дифузії в агар. Концентрацію мікробних клітин визначали за МакФарландом; мікробне навантаження склало 107 мікробних одиниць в 1 мл середовища. Для тестів використовували 18 – 24 годинну культуру мікроорганізмів. Для культивування бактерій використовували агар Мюллера-Гінтона; для культивування C. albicans використовували агар Сабуро. Сполуки вводили методом дифузії в агар (лунками) у вигляді розчину у ДМСО в концентрації 100 мкг/мл в об’ємі 0,3 мл; аналогічний об’єм використовували для Стрептоміцину (конц. 30 мкг/мл). Докінгові дослідження проводили за допомогою програми Autodock Vina. Кристалографічні дані для комплексів стрептоміцину з 16S субодиницею рибосомальної РНК (1NTB) та її активного сайту і для тРНК (Гуанін-37-N1)-метилтрансферази (EC 2.1.1.228; TrmD) (5ZHN) та її активного сайту було отримано з Protein Data Bank.Висновки. Виявлено, що сполука 2-[6-(1H-бензімідазол-2-іл)-5-метил-4-оксотієно[2,3-d]піримідин-3(4H)-іл]-N-[4-(етокси)феніл]ацетамід, яка характеризується найбільшою протимікробною активністю, у докінгових розрахунках є також найбільш ефективним інгібітором тРНК (Гуанін-37-N1)-метилтрансферази