Keragaman Genetik Tetua Dan Anakan Dari Kebun Benih Semai Acacia Mangium Grup D (Am004) Di Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia

Information on genetic diversity from one generation to its next generation is an important factor for management and conservation in a seed orchard. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of genetic diversity of parental as the first generation (F1) and offspring (F2) of Acacia mangium in the A. mangium seed orchard Group D (AM004) in South Sumatera. Analysis was conducted on 251 parental trees and ± 200 seeds from 10 mother trees. Analysis using 12 microsatellite markers showed that mean number of detected allele (A) for all the parents and offspring was 8.23 and 7.08, repectively. In general, the level of genetic diversity in parental and its offspring was not different (He=0.609 for parental and He=0.606 for offspring). The presence of new alleles that was detected from offspring indicated the possibility of pollen contamination from outside the seed orchard

College Documentation Bulletin #9

Disponible en français dans EDUQ.info sous le titre "La réussite scolaire au collégial"In all of Québec’s colleges, the question of academic success has been constantly examined for a number of years. This reflection has taken various forms. It focuses on means for promoting success as well as on the social and economic problems caused by a lower completion rate than expected. A number of research papers or studies have examined the concept of success, the causes for failure and numerous means, each being more inventive than the preceding one, that teaching establishments take to promote academic success for their students. Far from losing steam, this reflection is as dynamic as ever within the Québec college network. On a continuous basis, several players and organizations churn out studies on this topic which, when you get down to it, deals with the very mission of teaching establishments: to teach and promote success. This CDC Bulletin has compiled references that are essential to gain a better understanding of academic success in students and that pinpoint certain follow-through practices promoting success

Detection of Pollen Flow in the Seedling Seed Orchard of Acacia Mangium Using Dna Marker

Pollen pattern dispersal in seedling seed orchard (SSO) is an essential part of a tree-improvement program. Two SSOs of Acacia mangium in South Kalimantan and South Sumatra that represent similar resources in different environments were used in this study. Genotypes of all trees and seeds from a subset of 10 mother trees in each orchard were determined for 12 microsatellite loci, and parentage analysis was carried out. The results shows that the pollen dispersal pattern in both SSOs decrease with distance from mother tree. Patterns of pollen dispersal, dispersal distance and cumulative frequency of pollen dispersal distance were similar in both SSOs. Random pollen dispersal were found in both SSOs. About 80% of all crosses were found within a 40-m distance range with the most frequent pollination distance between mother tree and male male parents was 0-10 m. No self-pollinated seed was detected. Application of all these aspects found in this study such as random pollen dispersal and the effective pollen dispersal distance can be useful for establishing seedling seed orchard, clonal seed orchard and in other tree improvement activities of A. mangium

Are tree seed systems for forest landscape restoration fit for purpose? An analysis of four Asian countries

High-quality, suitably adapted tree seed at volume is a key component for the implementation and long-term success of forest landscape restoration (FLR). We analysed the tree seed systems in four Asian countries—the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and India—which have committed to restore in total over 47.5 million hectares of degraded lands by 2030. We assessed the national seed systems using an established indicator framework, literature review and expert surveys and interviews. Additionally, we surveyed 61 FLR practitioners about their challenges in acquiring seed to understand how the strengths and weaknesses identified at the national level were reflected in FLR projects on the ground. Identified key constraints common to the studied countries are (i) a mismatch between the growing demand for priority native species and the limited seed supply in terms of quantity and quality, (ii) lack of effective quality control for seed of native species and (iii) lack of information about the effects of climate change on native species to guide species selection and seed sourcing and to improve the resilience of restored ecosystems. We discuss options to strengthen seed systems for native tree species both in terms of quality and volume to enable them to effectively respond to the national FLR commitments and make recommendations on promising technical solutions

Delivering tree genetic resources in forest and landscape restoration. A guide to ensuring local and global impact

In the last 25 years, almost 50 million hectares of primary forest have been lost due to deforestation. Numerous international initiatives such as the Bonn Challenge and the New York Declaration on Forests have set ambitious goals to restore degraded and deforested lands by 2030. Realizing global commitments on forest and landscape restoration (FLR) will require the establishment of billions of trees on millions of hectares of degraded land to address the triple crisis of biodiversity loss, climate change and failing food systems. A significant amount of FLR will require tree planting or increasing tree cover in production landscapes. The scaled delivery of tree genetic resources (TGR), in other words, the diversity of species and genotypes from seeds and other forest reproductive material, will be critical to achieving impact. Lack of available forest reproductive material undermines the scaling of FLR and its potential to deliver expected benefits. Achieving impact from FLR requires an abundance of seeds and seedlings from many species and sources of genetic diversity within species. The aim of this working paper is to highlight key challenges and opportunities for the integration of TGR – from genes and species to landscapes – in current FLR projects. We first explore why TGR are so important and identify the key role that they play in supporting biodiversity, mitigating and adapting to climate change, and enhancing resilient livelihoods. Second, we evaluate the challenges and barriers to scaling the use of TGR in restoration, and how these undermine the potential of FLR to deliver expected benefits. Third, we review recent opportunities and innovations in the latest literature for mainstreaming TGR in FLR and present 13 case studies from around the world, representing state-of-the-art and best practices for TGR conservation and use. We then summarize the findings from these case studies, covering a range of topics from improved in situ and ex situ conservation of TGR, strategies for ensuring high-quality, diverse planting material, and evidence to show how increasing the use of TGR in FLR can increase benefits, locally and globally. We provide practical guidelines for improving integration of TGR in FLR, for consideration by a wide range of stakeholders, in particular: (1) countries and national policymakers; (2) donors and funding bodies; (3) international organizations and regional networks; and (4) restoration practitioners. Finally, we present a list of eight key recommendations to support the delivery of TGR for maximizing restoration outcomes towards reversing biodiversity loss, mitigating and adapting to climate change, and supporting sustainable food systems and improved livelihoods. We hope that this paper will contribute to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDGs 1 (No Poverty), 2 (Zero Hunger), 13 (Climate Action) and 15 (Life on Land) through greater and more effective use of TGR in FLR implementation

Tropical and subtropical Asia's valued tree species under threat

Tree diversity in Asia's tropical and subtropical forests is central to nature-based solutions. Species vulnerability to multiple threats, which affects the provision of ecosystem services, is poorly understood. We conducted a region-wide, spatially explicit vulnerability assessment (including overexploitation, fire, overgrazing, habitat conversion, and climate change) of 63 socio-economically important tree species selected from national priority lists and validated by an expert network representing 20 countries. Overall, 74% of the most important areas for conservation of these trees fall outside of protected areas, with species severely threatened across 47% of their native ranges. The most imminent threats are overexploitation and habitat conversion, with populations being severely threatened in an average of 24% and 16% of their distribution areas. Optimistically, our results predict relatively limited overall climate change impacts, however, some of the study species are likely to lose more than 15% of their habitat by 2050 because of climate change. We pinpoint specific natural forest areas in Malaysia and Indonesia (Borneo) as hotspots for on-site conservation of forest genetic resources, more than 82% of which do not currently fall within designated protected areas. We also identify degraded lands in Indonesia (Sumatra) as priorities for restoration where planting or assisted natural regeneration will help maintain these species into the future, while croplands in Southern India are highlighted as potentially important agroforestry options. Our study highlights the need for regionally coordinated action for effective conservation and restoration

Genotype identification of Sengon (Paraseriathes falcataria (L.) Nielsen needs accurate and reliable method for identification. Sixteen individuals of P. falcataria from Okinawa, Japan were used as materials for selecting polymorphic RAPD fragments and for developing SCAR marker whereas confirmation of polymorphisms of the SCARs was conducted using 24 materials from Candiroto Seed Orchard, Indonesia. Forty-eight polymorphic fragments were obtained from screening in 288 RAPD primers. Forty-six out of 48 SCAR primers were successfully developed. Examination of the newly-designed of SCAR primer using 24 P. falcataria from Candiroto Seed Orchard, Indonesia found 5 polymorphic SCAR primers. These five SCARs are considered as useful marker for genotype and clone identification within P. falcataria.

Genotype identification of Sengon (Paraseriathes falcataria (L.) Nielsen needs accurate and reliable method for identification. Sixteen individuals of P. falcataria from Okinawa, Japan were used as materials for selecting polymorphic RAPD fragments and for developing SCAR marker whereas confirmation of polymorphisms of the SCARs was conducted using 24 materials from Candiroto Seed Orchard, Indonesia. Forty-eight polymorphic fragments were obtained from screening in 288 RAPD primers. Forty-six out of 48 SCAR primers were successfully developed. Examination of the newly-designed of SCAR primer using 24 P. falcataria from Candiroto Seed Orchard, Indonesia found 5 polymorphic SCAR primers. These five SCARs are considered as useful marker for genotype and clone identification within P. falcataria