617 research outputs found

    Teaching science in primary school through an interdisciplinary approach: a classroom case study

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    The way in which, traditionally, sciences have been taught in primary school has not allowed for the integrated use and development of the knowledge and skills acquired in the different curriculum areas. Therefore, it is necessary to promote a science teaching and learning process that encourages and enables the use of that knowledge in the context of different situations that are meaningful and relevant for children. With this goal in mind, this article seeks to illustrate, through the analysis of the process of exploration of the activity "Do snails prefer cabbage or lettuce?", which was conducted with a class of the 4th year of primary school, that research-based science activities enhance the integrated and meaningful use and development of knowledge and skills from other curricular areas, especially language and mathematics.CIEC – Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho (FCT R&D unit 317), Portugalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    MOTIVA: Projeto de rede social para aprendizagem

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    A proposta da rede social "Motiva" é acrescentar no aprendizado online, combinando elementos de redes sociais populares como Instagram e Amino para criar uma plataforma interativa e divertida chamada "fun learning". O Motiva permitirá que estudantes compartilhem ideias, materiais e se apoiem mutuamente em um ambiente global de aprendizado colaborativo. Através de interações entre estudantes de diferentes partes do mundo, o Motiva não apenas fomenta o aprendizado colaborativo, mas também facilita novas amizades. A plataforma utiliza tecnologias modernas como HTML, CSS e JavaScript para criar uma interface interativa e envolvente, proporcionando uma experiência de usuário agradável

    Socio-demographic and behavioural risk factors associated with the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Portuguese children

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    Objectives: Childhood obesity is a public health concern in Portugal. Socio-demographic and behavioral factors are highly associated with obesity but are not clearly understood. This article aims to update the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Portuguese children and to explore the influence and risks of socio-demographic factors and behavioral factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study of Portuguese children aged 3–10 years from all 18 mainland districts took place between March 2009 and January 2010. The sample was composed by 17,136 children, 3–10 years of age (8,455 boys; 8,681 girls). Height, weight, and other anthropometric measurements were obtained by trained technicians. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated along with other anthropometric variables. Data analyses took place between April and September 2012. The overweight/obesity classification was established by age-and sex-specific BMI cut-off points as defined by the International obesity task force (IOTF). Parents completed questionnaires about socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the family. Results: Almost 28% of the Portuguese children were overweight or obese (19.7% overweight; 8.2% obese). Prevalence was greater in girls than in boys. Logistic regression models found that the odds of childhood obesity were significantly affected by biological, socio-demographic, and behavioral factors. Conclusions: The protective factors against childhood overweight/obesity in this sample of Portuguese children are: (i) being male; (ii) having been breastfeed; (iii) having been born from mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy; (iv) engaging in little sedentary behaviors (TV, PC, and playing electronic games); (iv) performing at least 1 h of moderate physical activity every day; and (v) having parents with higher educational levels who also have their BMI within the healthy ranges

    A Semiologia Médica no Contexto da Medicina de Emergência: Diagnóstico Rápido e Preciso

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    Introduction: Medical semiology, also known as clinical propaedeutics, is a fundamental structure of medical practice, as it focuses on the identification and interpretation of signs and symptoms presented by patients, including non-verbal ones. Semiology takes on an even more important role in emergency medicine, as the need for a quick and accurate diagnosis is crucial to maintaining the life of a patient at risk, and semiology has the tools. The doctor's clinical ability and precision in performing this type of examination can be the difference between life and death in an emergency context. Conclusion: in summary, medical semiology plays a very important role in emergency medicine, as it allows doctors to establish quick and accurate diagnoses, which can have a significant impact on a patient's prognosis.Introdução: A semiologia médica, também conhecida como propedêutica clínica, é uma estrutura fundamental da prática médica, pois se concentra na identificação e interpretação de sinais e sintomas apresentados pelos pacientes, inclusive os não-verbais. A semiologia assume um papel ainda mais importante na medicina de emergência, pois a necessidade de um diagnóstico rápido e preciso é crucial para a manutenção da vida do paciente em risco, e a semiologia possui as ferramentas. A capacidade clínica e precisão do médico em realizar esse tipo de exame pode ser a diferença entre a vida e a morte em um contexto de emergência. Conclusão: em resumo, a semiologia médica desempenha um papel importantíssimo na medicina de emergência, pois permite que os médicos estabeleçam diagnósticos rápidos e precisos, o que pode ter um impacto significativo no prognóstico do paciente

    A Evolução da Semiologia Médica: da Anamnese às Novas Abordagens Tecnológicas

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    Medical semiology, which is the study of the signs and symptoms of diseases, has evolved significantly in recent years, due to the contribution of several doctors, researchers and scientists. With the advent of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, 3D printing and complementary exams, medicine has experienced notable advances. However, despite these advances, the anamnesis and physical examination remain essential tools in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This article explores the evolution of clinical semiology and its fundamental importance in light of the influence of new diagnostic aid technologies. Conclusion: It is concluded that although technology continues to expand medicine, the importance of patient-centered clinical examination remains intact.A semiologia médica, que é o estudo dos sinais e sintomas das doenças, evoluiu significativamente nos últimos anos, devido à contribuição de diversos médicos, pesquisadores e cientistas. Com o advento de novas tecnologias, como a inteligência artificial, impressão 3D e exames complementares, a medicina tem experimentado avanços notáveis. No entanto, apesar desses avanços, a anamnese e o exame físico continuam sendo ferramentas essenciais no diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças. Este artigo explora a evolução da semiologia clínica e a sua fundamental importância frente à influência das novas tecnologias de auxílio diagnóstico. Conclusão: conclui-se que, embora a tecnologia continue a expandir a medicina, a importância do exame clínico centrado no paciente permanece intacta

    Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

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    A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than 6060^{\circ} detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above 5.3×10185.3{\times}10^{18} eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law EγE^{-\gamma} with index γ=2.70±0.02(stat)±0.1(sys)\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)} followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy (EsE_\text{s}) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find Es=(5.12±0.25(stat)1.2+1.0(sys))×1019E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19} eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

    Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

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    The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

    Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

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    We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file
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