Generation of Terahertz Pulsed Radiation with Photoconductive Antennas Based of Low-Temperature-Grown Gallium Arsenide and Its Applications

The design and technological conditions for manufacturing photoconductive antennas based on low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) have been developed. An optimized photoconductive THz antenna based on LT-GaAs with flag geometry of the contacts was fabricated. LT-GaAs samples were obtained by molecular-beamepitaxy at temperatures of 230 ∘C on GaAs (100) substrates. On an optical setup with a femtosecond titanium-sapphire laser, a volt (watt)-ampere characteristics and photocurrent efficiency of the photo-conductive antenna measured by the pyroelectric sensor. The optimum annealing temperature of LT-GaAs was determined for generation of intense THz radiation. PCA have been tested in the terahertz radiation generation. The substantial effect of water vapor in the air and the environment of transparent objects is THz. The useful terahertz bandwidth extends from 0.1 to 2.7 THz and the source of terahertz wave is the most commonly used nonlinear crystal ZnTe in the biomedicine applications. However, in comparison PCA on LT-GaAs with ZnTe have better results in the intensity and the power of the THz response. Therefore, it will be possible to detect a lower concentration of biological objects. Keywords: Photoconductive antennas; low-temperature grown gallium arsenide

Energy Security of China, India, the E.U. and the U.S. under Long-term Scenarios: Results from Six IAMs

This paper assesses energy security in three long-term energy scenarios (a business as usual development, a projection of Copenhagen commitments, and a 450 ppm stabilization scenario) as modeled in six integrated assessment models: GCAM, IMAGE, MESSAGE, ReMIND, TIAM-ECN and WITCH. We systematically evaluate potential long-term vulnerabilities of vital energy systems of four major economies: China, the European Union, India and the U.S., as expressed by several characteristics of energy trade, resource extraction, and diversity of energy options. Our results show that climate policies are likely to lead to significantly lower global energy trade and reduce energy imports of major economies, decrease the rate of resource depletion, and increase the diversity of energy options, particularly in the especially vulnerable transportation sector. China, India and the E.U. will derive particularly strong benefits from climate policies, whereas the U.S. may forego some opportunities to export fossil fuels in the second half of the century

Peritonitis model and experimanetal basis of anti-adhesion therapy

Various methods of abdominal adhesive disease treatment are applied in clinical practice. The method of postoperative anti-adhesion therapy is developed and introduced into the Hospital of Pediatric Surgery (Patent for Invention №2348415 dated March 10th, 2009, Russia). Adhesion prevention should be started at the intraoperative period and prolonged to the period of adhesion formation, proved by тофЬо1од!$18. The aim of the study was to develop experimental peritonitis model and approve methods of infra- and postoperative anti-adhesion therapy on its basis. 34 white laboratory male rats were involved into the study. 1 -1.5mL of 1015 E.coli suspension was used for artificial peritoneal contamination. Experimental animals developed clinical symptoms of peritonitis in 30 minutes after the injection of infectious agent into the abdominal cavity. Peritonitis manifested in rapidly progressed intoxication, intestinal dysmotility, severe microcirculatory disorder. All the experimental animals were divided into 6 groups controlled for basic peritonitis model, drug used for sanitation of the abdominal cavity, and postoperative treatment Intraoperative anti-adhesion therapy included sanitation with the Thiazole/Dioxidine solution, postoperative therapy included application of Thiazole/Lidase 128U composition on the anterior abdominal wall. Rats fromthe groupsland II showed no pathological processes at revision of abdominal cavity. Rats from the groups III-VI manifested in severe signs of diffuse purulent peritonitis in one day after contamination. All the studying groups were monitored for severity and incidence rate of adhesions. Animals from the group V received staged Thiazole based anti-adhesion therapy and showed no adhesions. Development of diffuse peritonitis model has made possible to carry out the experimental study on application of titanium glycerosolvate (Thiazole) aqua-complex in the treatment Aqua-complex appeared to show high efficiency in sanitation of the abdominal cavity in combination with Dioxidine and inhibition of adhesion formation in combination with transcutaneous administration of Lidase.В клинике детской хирургии разработан и внедрен способ послеоперационной противоспаечной терапии (патент РФ на изобретение № 2348415 от 10.03.2009). Профилактику спайкообразования необходимо наминать на интраоперационном этапе, пролонгируя её на доказанный морфологами период формирования спаек. Цель - создать экспериментальную модель перитонита, на основе которой апробировать методы интра- и послеоперационной противоспаечной терапии. Эксперимент выполнен на 34 белых лабораторных крысах-самцах. С целью контаминации брюшины использовалась взвесь Е. coli 1-1,5мл в концентрации 1015. Клиника перитонита развивалась через 30 минут после введения инфекционного агента в брюшную полость экспериментального животного. Перитонит у крыс характеризовался быстро нарастающей интоксикацией, наррением кишечной моторики, выраженными микроциркуляторными расстройствами. Все экспериментальные животные разделены на 6 групп, в которых контролировалась основная модель перитонита, препарат для санации брюшной лолоспч, послеоперационное ведение. Интраоперационная противоспаечная терапия включала санацию раствором тизоля с диоксидином, послеоперационная - аппликации на переднюю брюшную стенку лекарственной композиции тизоль с лидазой 128 ЕД. ВI и II группе животных при ревизии брюшной попости патологических процессов не отмечалось. У крыс III-VI групп спустя сутки обнаружены яркие признаки разлитого гнойного перитонита. Контролировалась степень выраженности спаек и их распространенность во всех группах. Животные V группы, получившие поэтапную противоспаечную терапию на основе лекарственных композиций тизоля продемонстрировали отсутствие спаечного процесса. Созданная модель разлитого перитонита позволила выполнить эксперимент по использованию в лечении аквакомплекса глицеросольвата титана (тизоль), который вкомпозициис диоксидином эффективно санирует брюшную полость, а в сочетании с транскутанным проникновением лидазы тормозит процесс спайкообразования

Optimization of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in women with a complex of dosage physical exertion

In the second mature age, women increase the prevalence of arterial hypertension, often complicating hypertensive crises. This circumstance requires improving the recovery options for this category of patients. It seems very promising to be used for this in women with arterial hypertension regular physical exertion for the purpose of their overall recovery, reducing the level of blood pressure and the prevention of hypertensive crise

Physiological features of the cardiovascular system in hypertensive men under conditions of regular physical activity

In modern society, men often have arterial hypertension at the beginning of adulthood, which can progress rapidly and be complicated by thrombosis. It becomes necessary to improve the process of physical rehabilitation of hypertensive men of mature age. For this purpose, in men diagnosed with arterial hypertension, various schemes of systematic muscle activity are use

Wheat landraces as sources of high grain quality and nutritional properties

Background. Improving the grain quality of modern spring bread wheat cultivars is a highly relevant task of breeding. To solve this problem, old and local wheat varieties (landraces) are of considerable interest. A rich collection of them is available among the plant genetic resources preserved at VIR. With this in view, the aim of this research was to identify sources of high protein, gluten, macro- and micronutrient content out of the landraces from the VIR collection for improvement of wheat grain quality through breeding.Materials and methods. Field and laboratory research were conducted in the experimental field of Omsk State Agrarian University under the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia in 2020–2021. Sowing was carried out on fallow on conventional sowing dates. Mineral composition in the grain of the studied landraces was analyzed at the Kurchatov Genomic Center, Novosibirsk, using atomic absorption spectrometry techniques.Results. The research results showed that landraces from different regions of Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan were characterized by high levels of protein (18.4–18.8%) and gluten (35.9–36.0%) in grain. Landraces from Kazakhstan had low Zn content (on average 38.3 mg/kg), while those from Kyrgyzstan, on the contrary, had high content of Zn (41.9 mg/kg) and Fe (55.1 mg/kg), and landraces from Tajikistan had high K content (3820 mg/kg). A positive relationship between the concentrations of Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn was found in the grain of wheat landraces.Conclusion. Wheat landraces are of interest as genetic resources for the development of high-protein cultivars with improved nutritional value of grain for the milling and breadmaking industries

EXCHANGE ENHANCEMENT OF THE ELECTRON G-FACTOR IN InGaAs/InAlAs METAMORPHIC HETEROSTRUCTURES WITH A HIGH InAs CONTENT

Magnetotransport in InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructures in tilted magnetic field is studied. It is shown that the value of the g* factor increases with an increase in the InAs content and the dependence of the g* factor on magnetic field is also revealed.Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Электрон» Г.р. № 122021000039-4

Global energy security under different climate policies, GDP growth rates and fossil resource availabilities

Energy security is one of the main drivers of energy policies. Understanding energy security implications of long-term scenarios is crucial for informed policy making, especially with respect to transformations of energy systems required to stabilize climate change. This paper evaluates energy security under several global energy scenarios, modeled in the REMIND and WITCH integrated assessment models. The paper examines the effects of long-term climate policies on energy security under different assumptions about GDP growth and fossil fuel availability. It uses a systematic energy security assessment framework and a set of global and regional indicators for risks associated with energy trade and resilience associated with diversity of energy options. The analysis shows that climate policies significantly reduce the risks and increase the resilience of energy systems in the first half of the century. Climate policies also make energy supply, energy mix and energy trade less dependent upon assumptions of fossil resource availability and GDP growth, and thus more predictable than in the baseline scenarios