Diagnosticand pronostic utility of serum microrna-21 in colorectal cancer

Los microRNAs son estructuras moleculares de 20-22 nucleótidos con actividad post-transcripional que están implicados en la carcinogénesis mediante una regulación genética post-transcripcional. Presentamos un estudio prospectivo donde se determina la expresión sérica de microRNA-21 en pacientes con diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma de colon. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de al menos 100 pacientes con diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma de colon, y de al menos 60 pacientes con apendicitis aguda como grupo control. Se realizó el análisis de microRNA-21 sérico mediante PCR de las muestras sanguíneas de los pacientes obtenidas de forma preoperatoria. RESULTADOS. La comparación de la expresión del microRNA-21 sérico fue mayor en los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal que en los pacientes del grupo control, siendo el área bajo la curva de 0,603. En el análisis univariante, la expresión del miR- 21 se relaciona de forma estadísticamente significativa con la recidiva local (p=0,025) y con la mortalidad (p=0,029). En el análisis multivariante también se puso de manifiesto que las expresiones mayores (sobreexpresiones) de miR-21 se relacionaban con una reducción del riesgo derecidiva del 51%, mientras que dicha sobreexpresión se relacionaba con una reducción de mortalidad del 50%. CONCLUSIONES. La expresión del microRNA-21 sérico podría ser considerado como un potencial marcador diagnóstico para el cáncer colorrectal. La expresión sérica del microRNA-21 se correlaciona con la recidiva y mortalidad en el cáncer colorrectal. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el miR-21 sérico es un prometedor marcador diagnóstico y pronóstico, y pone de manifiesto su potencial utilidad clínica en el cáncer colorrectalMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that are involved in carcinogenesis through postranscriptional gene regulatory activity. Few studies have focused on the detection of miR-21 in serum rather than in tissue. The current study aimed to measure serum miR-21 expression levels and to evaluate their association with the outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS. Blood samples were collected from almost 100 CRC patients undergoing surgery with curative intent, and almost 60 control patients. The expression levels of miR-21 were measured using a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS. Serum microRNA-21 expression was higher in colorectal cancer patients than in control patients, with a ROC curve of 0.603. A univariate analysis revealed that lower expression levels of serum miR-21 were associated with higher local recurrence (p=0.025) and mortality (p=0.029). A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the relative overexpression of miR-21 (expression >1) was associated with a 51% reduction in the risk of recurrence. A Cox regression analysis identified that a relative increase in miR-21 expression (>1) was associated with a 50% reduction in the risk of mortality CONCLUSIONS. Serum microRNA-21 expression could be considered as a potential diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer. The expression level of serum miR-21 correlates with the recurrence and mortality of CRC patients. Our results suggest that circulating serum miR-21 is a promising diagnostic and prognostic tumour marker, and they highlight the potential clinical utility of miR-21 in colorectal cancerEl presente estudio ha sido financiado con la ayuda otorgada por la Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria en Castilla La Mancha (FISCAM) y por la Fundación Mutua Madrileña Investigación Médic

Systematic Review On Bullying Situations And Intervention Programs In Early Childhood Education

Background: Bullying is a traumatic event that is observed from the early stages of the educational system. Ensuring an adequate socioemotional development through the implementation of activities or intervention programs based on the work of Emotional Intelligence in the Early Childhood Education stage where empathy, assertiveness, emotional intelligence, social skills, values... are worked on, with the aim of preventing/eradicating situations of violence in educational environments, is essential to put an end to this problem. Goal: To find out whether there is evidence of bullying at the early childhood education (ECE) stage and to investigate whether bullying prevention work is carried out at this educational stage. Method: A systematic review, following the PRISMA 2020 Declaration, was carried out in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus (SJR) databases from January to March 2023. The search terms used were: "Children", "Health Education" and "Bullying". Only articles in Spanish and English published from 2013 to 2023 were selected, in which bullying in the ECE stage is analyzed. The last filter applied was related with research areas of Psychology and Education. The sample is composed of a total of 4 articles, most of them published abroad. Findings: According to the studies reviewed, there is little concern about bullying at the ECE stage, and there is little concern about the implementation of prevention programs for this proble

Colorectal cancer carcinogenesis

El cáncer colorrectal representó en el año 2008 el tercer tumor más diagnosticado en España, siendo la segunda neoplasia que causó más fallecimientos. El conocimiento del proceso carcinogenético de este tipo de enfermedad permitirá el descubrimiento de nuevas terapéuticas que conlleven menores tasas de incidencia y mortalidad. El continuo avance en la enfermedad tumoral hace que esta revisión sea una puesta al día en el conocimiento de la carcinogénesis del cáncer colorrectalIn 2008, colorectal cancer represented the third most commonly diagnosed tumor in Spain, and the second tumor that caused more deaths. Knowledge of the carcinogenetic process of this disease will allow the discovery of new therapies involving lower rates of incidence and mortality. The continuous progress in tumor disease makes this review an update on the knowledge of colorectal cancer carcinogenesi

Diferencias en los indicadores de rendimiento técnico-tácticos entre ganadores y perdedores en la Women Rugby World Cup 2010

El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer las diferencias en acciones técnico - tácticas entre equipos ganadores y perdedores en equipos de rugby femenino de alto rendimiento. Se analizaron 30 partidos disputados entre 12 equipos nacionales de la Women Rugby World Cup 2010. Las variablesde estudio fueron las conductas relativas a la obtención del balón, el desarrollo del juego, a los reagrupa mientos, los puntos marcados, y las faltas reglamentarias. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial de los datos (prueba T de Student y análisis discriminate). Los equipos ganadores realizan más ensayos, transformaciones de ensayos, y pierden menos rucks y touches que los perdedores. Estos resultados pueden usarse como valores de referencia para el entrenamiento y el análisis del rendimiento en competición

Microrna-21 and colorectal cancer

Introducción. Los microRNAs son estructuras moleculares con actividad post-transcripcional que están implicados en la regulación de la expresión genética. Diversos estudios ponen de manifiesto la participación de los microRNAs con distintas funciones fisiológicas, así como con el proceso de la oncogénesis. La expresión de los microRNAs puede verse alterada en las neoplasias por su interacción bien con los genes supresores de tumores, bien con los oncogenes. Discusión. Llevamos a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre el microRNA-21, poniendo de manifiesto la evidencia existente entre el microRNA-21 y la enfermedad neoplásica, de forma especial con el cáncer colorrectal. Conclusiones. El estado actual de los microRNAs hace necesario continuar con la investigación existente entre la etiopatogenia de las neoplasias y los microRNAs. El conocimiento de la verdadera implicación de los microRNAs en la fisiopatología de la enfermedad neoplásica, permitirá ampliar las supuestas aplicaciones clínicas del miR-21 no sólo a la determinación del pronóstico del cáncer colorrectal, sino también desde el punto de vista diagnóstico al poder diferenciar las lesiones de la mucosa colónicaIntroduction. MicroRNAs are molecular structures with post-transcriptional activity, involved in the gene expression regulation. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of microRNAs in different physiological functions, as well as in the oncogenesis process. The expression of microRNAs may be altered in the tumors by either interaction with tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Discussion. A review of the medical literature on microRNA-21 has been conducted, showing the evidence between microRNA-21 and neoplastic disease, specially with colorectal cancer. Conclusion. The current status of microRNAs makes necessary to continue the investigation of the pathogenesis of cancer and microRNAs. The knowledge of the involvement of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of neoplastic disease, will allow to extend the supposed clinical applications of miR-21 not only to the determination of the prognosis of colorectal cancer, but also for the differential diagnosis of processes of colonic mucosa

Under reporting of Parkinson’s disease on death certificates: a population-based study (NEDICES)

Background Parkinson's disease is frequently omitted as a cause of death from death certificates. A limitation of previous studies that attempted to assess the validity of death certificates is that population-dwelling cases, with milder, undiagnosed Parkinson's disease were likely excluded. As a result, those studies likely overestimated the validity of death certificates because they did not include these milder cases. We assessed the validity of death certificates in a prospective population-based study (NEDICES), which includes previously undiagnosed Parkinson's disease cases detected during the assessment. Methods 3926 community-dwelling elderly subjects with and without Parkinson's disease were followed during a median of 12.6 years, after which the death certificates of those who died were examined. We calculated the proportion of cases of clinically diagnosed Parkinson's disease for whom a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was certified as the basic cause of death on death certificates. Results 1791 (45.6%) of the 3926 participants died over a median follow-up of 7.1 years, including 82 (73.9%) deaths among 111 participants with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease was rarely certified as the basic cause of death (14.6%). Gender, disease stage and the period during which the study was conducted (i.e., 1994 to 2007) did not influence the likelihood that Parkinson's disease would be reported. Conclusions Our findings reinforce the notion that the reporting of Parkinson's disease on death certificates remains poor. This suggests a lack of awareness of the importance of Parkinson's disease as a cause of death.pre-print261 K

Efectos de un programa de estiramientos FNP sobre el salto y la flexibilidad en jugadores profesionales de fútbol sala

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a stretching program with the contraction-relaxation-agonist-contraction technique (CRAC) on jumping performance (JP) and range of motion (ROM). A total of 21 elite futsal players participated in the present study. Participants were assigned to a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG) according to their jumping ability. Before and after the intervention, the JP and ROM of hip flexion with the extended knee (FCRE) and dorsi-flexion of the ankle (DFTRE) were measured. For the measurement of the JP and the ROM, a contact platform and an ISOMED inclinometer were used, respectively. The EG performed a stretching program in the hamstrings and triceps sural for 4 weeks with a weekly frequency of 5 days. The players significantly increased the FCRE ROM (p = 0.02) with strong effect (hp2 = 0.730) and ROM DFTRE (p = 0.01) with moderate effect (hp2 = 0.546), of the values ​​of CMJ (p = 0.03) with strong effect (hp2 = 0.650) and of the values ​​of index of utilization of the elastic capacity [IACE] (p = 0.04) with strong effect (hp2 = 0,742) in the EG after the stretching. The CG players significantly increased the performance in the CMJ ​​(p = 0.02) with moderate effect (hp2 = 0.519) and IACE (p = 0.04) with moderate effect (hp2 = 0.548); in addition, significant differences were observed in the values ​​of IACE (p = 0.02) between both groups. The results of this study allow us to conclude that a training period with the CRAC technique improves ROM and JP in professional futsal players.El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar los efectos de un programa de estiramiento con la técnica contracción-relajación-agonista-contracción (CRAC) sobre la capacidad de salto (CS) y el rango de movimiento (ROM). Un total de 21 jugadores de élite de fútbol sala participaron en el presente trabajo. Los participantes fueron asignados a un grupo control (GC) y a un grupo experimental (GE) según su CS. Antes y después de la intervención se midió la CS y el ROM de flexión de cadera con la rodilla extendida (FCRE) y dorsi-flexión de tobillo (DFTRE). Para la medición del CS y del ROM se utilizó una plataforma de contacto y un inclinómetro ISOMED, respectivamente. El GE realizó un programa de estiramientos en los isquiosurales y tríceps sural durante 4 semanas con una frecuencia semanal de 5 días. Los jugadores aumento significativamente el ROM FCRE (p = 0,02) con efecto fuerte (hp2 = 0,730) y ROM DFTRE (p = 0,01) con efecto moderado (hp2 = 0,546), de los valores de CMJ (p = 0,03) con efecto fuerte (hp2 = 0,650) y de los valores de índice de aprovechamiento de la capacidad elástica [IACE] (p = 0,04) con efecto fuerte (hp2 = 0,742) en el GE después de los estiramientos. Los jugadores del GC aumentaron significativamente el rendimiento en el CMJ (p = 0,02) con efecto moderado (hp2 = 0,519) e IACE (p = 0,04) con efecto moderado (hp2 = 0,548); además, se observaron diferencias significativas en los valores de IACE (p = 0,02) entre ambos grupos. Los resultados de este estudio permiten concluir que un periodo de entrenamiento con el método CRAC mejora el ROM y la CS en jugadores profesionales de fútbol sala

Análisis de los Másteres universitarios españoles relacionados con las ciencias del deporte

La finalidad del presente estudio es aportar una visión global del estado de los Másteres españoles relacionados con las ciencias del deporte, conseguir conocerlos en profundidad, para poder establecer marcadores de calidad, que permita obtener de forma rápida y sencilla una valoración general de cada uno de ellos. Los objetivos del presente estudio son: a) analizar la Estructura Académica de los Másteres oficiales universitarios españoles relacionados con las ciencias del deporte; b) analizar las Características del profesorado que imparte su docencia; y c) analizar el Tipo de Evaluación de las asignaturas que lo componen. Para ello, se estudiaron cuarenta y cuatro Másteres localizados en la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA), a través de sus páginas webs oficiales. En cuestiones relacionadas con el profesorado, se utilizó también la base de datos de Tesis Doctorales (TESEO). Los resultados que arroja el estudio señalan que: a) la totalidad de los másteres estudiados son de temática general y gestión, de un año de duración, presenciales, con horario mayoritario de tarde, o mañana/tarde, se desarrollan a lo largo de la semana, y el criterio principal de acceso es el expediente académico; b) la mayoría de los másteres universitarios analizados, no presentan objetivos, ni competencias, ni definen salidas profesionales, ni ofrecen prácticas externas; c) su precio medio es de 5151€, con 34 plazas ofertadas, y ajustados al EESS en cuanto a sus créditos; d) El número de tesis medio por profesor es de dos, con mayoría de hombres en los equipos docentes; y e) en cuanto a las características de las asignaturas, no suelen ser reflejadas en sus guías docentes. Como conclusión se puede señalar que es necesario ajustar estos aspectos para ofrecer un servicio de mayor calidad

Na+/K+-ATPase is a new interacting partner for the neuronal glycine transporter GlyT2 that downregulates its expression in vitro and in vivo

The neuronal glycine transporter GlyT2 plays a fundamental role in the glycinergic neurotransmission by recycling the neurotransmitter to the presynaptic terminal. GlyT2 is the main supplier of glycine for vesicle refilling, a process that is absolutely necessary to preserve quantal glycine content in synaptic vesicles. Alterations in GlyT2 activity modify glycinergic neurotransmission and may underlie several neuromuscular disorders, such as hyperekplexia, myoclonus, dystonia, and epilepsy. Indeed, mutations in the gene encoding GlyT2 are the main presynaptic cause of hyperekplexia in humans and produce congenital muscular dystonia type 2 (CMD2) in Belgian Blue cattle. GlyT2 function is strictly coupled to the sodium electrochemical gradient actively generated by the Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA). GlyT2 cotransports 3Na+/Cl-/glycine generating large rises of Na+ inside the presynaptic terminal that must be efficiently reduced by the NKA to preserve Na+ homeostasis. In this work, we have used high-throughput mass spectrometry to identify proteins interacting with GlyT2 in the CNS. NKA was detected as a putative candidate and through reciprocal coimmunoprecipitations and immunocytochemistry analyses the association between GlyT2 and NKA was confirmed. NKA mainly interacts with the raft-associated active pool of GlyT2, and low and high levels of the specific NKA ligand ouabain modulate the endocytosis and total expression of GlyT2 in neurons. The ouabain-mediated downregulation of GlyT2 also occurs in vivo in two different systems: zebrafish embryos and adult rats, indicating that this NKA-mediated regulatory mechanism is evolutionarily conserved and may play a relevant role in the physiological control of inhibitory glycinergic neurotransmission

Repurposing clinically approved cephalosporins for tuberculosis therapy

While modern cephalosporins developed for broad spectrum antibacterial activities have never been pursued for tuberculosis (TB) therapy, we identified first generation cephalosporins having clinically relevant inhibitory concentrations, both alone and in synergistic drug combinations. Common chemical patterns required for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis were identified using structure-activity relationships (SAR) studies. Numerous cephalosporins were synergistic with rifampicin, the cornerstone drug for TB therapy and ethambutol, a first-line anti-TB drug. Synergy was observed even under intracellular growth conditions where beta-lactams typically have limited activities. Cephalosporins and rifampicin were 4- to 64-fold more active in combination than either drug alone; however, limited synergy was observed with rifapentine or rifabutin. Clavulanate was a key synergistic partner in triple combinations. Cephalosporins (and other beta-lactams) together with clavulanate rescued the activity of rifampicin against a rifampicin resistant strain. Synergy was not due exclusively to increased rifampicin accumulation within the mycobacterial cells. Cephalosporins were also synergistic with new anti-TB drugs such as bedaquiline and delamanid. Studies will be needed to validate their in vivo activities. However, the fact that cephalosporins are orally bioavailable with good safety profiles, together with their anti-mycobacterial activities reported here, suggest that they could be repurposed within new combinatorial TB therapies.This work was supported by grants from the British Columbia Lung Association and The Canadian Institute of Health Research (MOP-82855) to C.J.T. and from a Grand Challenges Canada - Stars in Global Health (0030-01-04-01-01) and a People Programme (Marie Skłodowska Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under REA agreement no. 291799 (Tres Cantos Open Lab Foundation - COFUND programme) to S.R.-G