Manejo De Miedo, Estrategias De Afrontamiento Y Cultura Ciudadana Para Prevención De La Violencia

In this study, an intervention program was designed and evaluated. This paper focuses on identifying beliefs, perceptions, and negative attitudes in the group, in order to continue with the promotion of positive socialemotional coping and the reduction of social fear. This, however, would help to elevate the behaviors of citizen participation and to inhibit antisocial behaviors. A sample of 47 women and 5 men, a total of 52 students from 17 to 21 years, were trained by means of didactic skill of cases and training in conflict management for a period of 11 weeks in a weekend modality. A quasiexperiment was designed using repeated measures, pretest-interventionpostest, and a control group. As a result, an increase in culture and citizen participation was found in the treatment group after 44 hours of intervention. Qualitative data indicate findings regarding group cognitive relations, assertive coping strategies in conflicting social situations, ability to analyze negative feelings, and a decrease in antisocial behavior

Mental Health, Social Support and Fatalism in Victims of the 2008 Flood in Juarez City Mexico

This study analyzed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD in flood victims from Juarez City Mexico. In July of 2008, heavy rain caused floods in several areas in Juarez, where hundreds of people experienced loss of their belongings and damage to their properties. A sample of 756 participants, interviewed in August and September of 2008, were used to compare flood victims and non-victims in levels of depression, anxiety and PTSD. The results indicated that flood victims had statistically significant higher levels in all or the variables mentioned above. In the 392 flood victims, levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD were correlated with social support and fatalism related factors. It was found that social support and fatalism factors have a small or no relationship with mental health variables of flood victims

Mental Health and Gratitude in a Community with Social Violence

In recent years, Mexico experienced the violence, fear and terror of a drug-war. Juarez, Mexico is a border town where the highest levels of violence were registered during this war. Violence in all its forms, has been related to poor physical and mental health, therefore some of its manifestations are anxiety, phobias, sadness, depression, hostility, paranoid ideation, among other mental disorders. Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that promotes better quality of life and prevention of metal illnesses through the enhancement of positive emotions and values. Studies have shown when people go through an adverse situation, they still experience positive emotions, such as gratitude. It was the goal of the study to understand psychological distress (such as paranoid ideation, depression, hostility among other psychological problems) and its relationship with gratitude. A group of 315 college students answered the SCL-90-R , a measure of psychological problems, and the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Significant and negative correlations between each of the SCL-90-R subscales and gratitude were obtained, that is, as gratitude increases, psychological distress decreases. It can be concluded that positive emotions, particularly gratitude, might improve the way people cope in difficult situations

Mental Health and Paranoid Thoughts in College Students from Juarez

Paranoid thoughts are a psychological consequence of the social violence lived by the people in Juarez, which in 2010 was the most violent city in the world. Most people in Juarez report some degree of paranoid thoughts and these thoughts have been related to mental health. This study analyzes the relationship between paranoid thoughts and mental health. The sample consisted of 315 college students with a mean age of 23.05 (SD = 0.59) years, 70.5% females and 29.5% males. Most of the sample was single (86.0%) and married (9.2%). The Paranoid Thoughts Scale and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised were used to measure paranoid thoughts and mental health (e.g. depression, or anxiety), respectively. All of the mental health factors had statistically significant correlations with paranoid thoughts with correlations ranging from .38 to .57. The people that reported higher levels of paranoid thoughts also reported higher levels of psychological problems or distress. Paranoid thoughts can be considered a predictor of low mental health in people from Juarez

Exposición A La Violencia Y Su Relación Con La Salud Mental En Estudiantes De Educación Media Superior En Ciudad Juárez, México

Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, received the classification of the most dangerous city in the world for their high rates of violence during the years 2007-2012; five years of intense stress, deterioration in confidence to the authorities and fears. Citizens during this period were acquaintances, friends, relatives, neighbors, someone violated, and in the worst cases victims of organized crime. Many people in Ciudad Juarez were victims or witnesses of communal violence. With violence experienced in Ciudad Juarez from 2007, we want to analyze the relationship between exposure of violence with symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress and thoughts paranoid in young people attending high school. The objective was to analyze the relationship between the level of exposure to violence with symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress and thoughts paranoid in students of middle school in Juárez, Mexico City. Analyzed the relationships between exposure to violence with depression, post-traumatic stress and thoughts through Pearson correlations paranoid obtaining statistically significant correlations, so that greater exposure to violence were reported higher levels of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and paranoid thoughts. It can be concluded, looking at the results, positive correlations indicate that greater exposure to community violence, greater is the presence of depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder and paranoid thoughts

Criminality rates in those sentenced for femicide in Mexico

Introducción: La violencia en contra de la mujer es un problema que afecta a la población mundial, teniendo su máxima expresión a través del feminicidio. Debido a la reciente y desigual legislación de este fenómeno, estudios al respecto son recientes y han girado en torno a determinar tipologías de agresores donde la criminalidad juega un papel importante como factor de riesgo. Así mismo, existen muy pocos estudios directos con personas que han cometido feminicidio. Objetivo: Conocer el nivel de criminalidad en sentenciados por el delito de feminicidio. Materiales y métodos: A través de una lista con 20 dimensiones se evaluó a 62 personas privadas de su libertad por el delito de feminicidio. Resultados: Se encontraron cuatro niveles de criminalidad que van de baja a muy alta, los principales indicadores que marcan la diferencia entre estos niveles son los que se refieren a la violencia de pareja e historia de consumo de alcohol y drogas. Conclusión: Los indicadores que marcan la diferencia entre los niveles de criminalidad, se encuentran una historia de violencia hacia la pareja como una forma de resolver conflictos, asociada al consumo de alcohol y sustancias psicoactivas

Análisis Factorial Exploratorio de la Escala Para Sucesos Traumáticos Colectivos (TEPT), Para Juventudes en Escenarios Violentos

Una amplia serie de síntomas en grupos de jóvenes, que pueden ser etiquetados como "rasgos colectivos", sugieren la necesidad de explorar y validar un instrumento de evaluación para jóvenes en vulnerabilidad social, con un alto nivel de ansiedad social y estrés postraumático ante la exposición directa e indirecta al delito. En un contexto de alto impacto, y afrontamiento físico-afectivo asociado al trastorno de estrés postraumático, las reacciones prototípicas del trastorno al igual que particularidades sui generis de carácter contextual configuraron dichos rasgos en nuestra muestra. La validación se realizó en las ciudades de Chihuahua y Cd Juárez, Chihuahua, a una muestra de 396 jóvenes, 178 hombres y 218 mujeres, con edad media de 19.5 (DE=1.24), pertenecientes a instituciones universitarias públicas y privadas, de las cuales 54.2% eran públicas. Gracias al muestreo por conglomerados y la selección aleatoria, las mediciones se recabaron durante un periodo de cuatro meses. El 37.25% del total de la varianza, corresponde a síntomas de: angustia-desesperanza. Un segundo factor explica el 10.42% del total de la varianza referente a sintomatología de reexperimentación-somatización. Un 5.59% del total de varianza hace referencia a síntomas de aislamiento social, y el cuarto factor explica el 5.30% de varianza total, que constata evitación en la muestra. Finalmente, un quinto factor explica el 4.44% del total de la varianza, referente a la hipervigilancia. La escala de estrés postraumático colectivo para eventos traumáticos en su análisis factorial exploratorio indica índices de confiabilidad que la convierten en un instrumento confiable en la medición de rasgos traumáticos colectivos para jóvenes en situación de violencia. A wide range of symptoms found in youth groups, which can be labeled as "collective traits", suggest the need to explore and validate an assessment tool for these groups and those in social vulnerability. This is with high levels of social anxiety and posttraumatic stress in the face of direct and indirect exposure to crime. In the context of high-impact crimes and physioemotional coping associated with PTSD, the prototypical reactions of the disorder, coupled with sui generis contextual characteristic traits, configured our exploratory sample. Validation of the instrument was conducted in the cities of Chihuahua and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, on a sample of 396 young people (178 men and 218 women with a mean age of 19.5 (SD = 1.24)), belonging to public and private academic institutions, in which 54.2% belonged to public institutions. Cluster sampling, random selection, and measurements were collected during a period of four months. The 37.25% of the total variance corresponds to symptoms of anguish-despair. A second factor explained 10.42% of the total variance with five items with symptomatology of reexperimentation-somatization. A 5.59% of the total variance also includes symptoms of social isolation. The fourth factor explained 5.30% of variance, with items about avoidance. In addition, a fifth factor explained 4.44% of the total variance, referring to hypervigilance. The collective post-traumatic stress scale for traumatic events in this exploratory factor analysis indicated reliability indices that guarantee a reliable instrument in the measurement of collective traumatic traits for youths in situations of violence

Cuestionario de ejercicio basado en el modelo transteórico de la conducta en una muestra mexicana

Se elaboró un cuestionario de ejercicio basado en el modelo transteórico de cambio de la conducta propuesto por Prochaska y DiClemente. Este cuestionario fue diseñado para medir los cinco factores del modelo: precontemplación, contempla ción, preparación, acción y mantenimiento. Primero se elaboraron los reactivos para cada uno de los factores y después se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio para analizar la estructura del cuestionario. La muestra fue de 951 participantes de cinco ciudades mexicanas, con una media de edad de 28.76 años. El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró una estructura compuesta de los cinco factores con pesos factoriales variables. Este cuestionario puede ser útil para identificar la etapa en la que una persona se encuentra en relación con hacer ejercicio, y saber qué técnicas usar en las posibles intervenciones

Predictores de la violencia en la pareja: comparación entre noviazgo/ matrimonio y unión libre

El presente escrito describe los resulta­dos preliminares de un estudio cuantitativo que analiza una serie de variables predictoras relacionadas con la violencia en el noviazgo. Indaga las posibles diferencias entre las personas que llevan una relación de noviazgo y aquellas que viven juntas ya sean casadas o en unión libre.

Mesa 1: víctimas de violencia

En esta mesa se presentan a personas que estuvieron involucradas directamente con víctimas de los hechos violentos presentados en años pasados, quienes comparten su experiencia de cómo vivieron tales sucesos y cómo ha sido este proceso desde dichos eventos