Astronomical Observations of Volatiles on Asteroids

We have long known that water and hydroxyl are important components in meteorites and asteroids. However, in the time since the publication of Asteroids III, evolution of astronomical instrumentation, laboratory capabilities, and theoretical models have led to great advances in our understanding of H2O/OH on small bodies, and spacecraft observations of the Moon and Vesta have important implications for our interpretations of the asteroidal population. We begin this chapter with the importance of water/OH in asteroids, after which we will discuss their spectral features throughout the visible and near-infrared. We continue with an overview of the findings in meteorites and asteroids, closing with a discussion of future opportunities, the results from which we can anticipate finding in Asteroids V. Because this topic is of broad importance to asteroids, we also point to relevant in-depth discussions elsewhere in this volume.Comment: Chapter to appear in the (University of Arizona Press) Space Science Series Book: Asteroids I

UNICS - An Unified Instrument Control System for Small/Medium Sized Astronomical Observatories

Although the astronomy community is witnessing an era of large telescopes, smaller and medium sized telescopes still maintain their utility being larger in numbers. In order to obtain better scientific outputs it is necessary to incorporate modern and advanced technologies to the back-end instruments and to their interfaces with the telescopes through various control processes. However often tight financial constraints on the smaller and medium size observatories limit the scope and utility of these systems. Most of the time for every new development on the telescope the back-end control systems are required to be built from scratch leading to high costs and efforts. Therefore a simple, low cost control system for small and medium size observatory needs to be developed to minimize the cost and efforts while going for the expansion of the observatory. Here we report on the development of a modern, multipurpose instrument control system UNICS (Unified Instrument Control System) to integrate the controls of various instruments and devices mounted on the telescope. UNICS consists of an embedded hardware unit called Common Control Unit (CCU) and Linux based data acquisition and User Interface. The Hardware of the CCU is built around the Atmel make ATmega 128 micro-controller and is designed with a back-plane, Master Slave architecture. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) has been developed based on QT and the back end application software is based on C/C++. UNICS provides feedback mechanisms which give the operator a good visibility and a quick-look display of the status and modes of instruments. UNICS is being used for regular science observations since March 2008 on 2m, f/10 IUCAA Telescope located at Girawali, Pune India.Comment: Submitted to PASP, 10 Pages, 5 figure

Leiomioma da Uretra Feminina - Revisão da Literatura a Propósito de Caso Clínico

Oleiomioma da uretra é uma patologia rara, estando descritos cerca de uma centena de casos na literatura. São tumores benignos, constituídos por músculo liso e surgem mais frequentemente na idade fértil.Otratamento é cirúrgico com excisão da massa, existindo contudo possibilidade de recidiva local. Apresenta-seumcaso clínico de leiomioma da uretra e realizou-se revisão da literatura

Scapular dynamic muscular stiffness assessed through myotonometry: a narrative review

Several tools have been used to assess muscular stiffness. Myotonometry stands out as an accessible, handheld, and easy to use tool. The purpose of this review was to summarize the psychometric properties and methodological considerations of myotonometry and its applicability in assessing scapular muscles. Myotonometry seems to be a reliable method to assess several muscles stiffness, as trapezius. This method has been demonstrated fair to moderate correlation with passive stiffness measured by shear wave elastography for several muscles, as well as with level of muscle contraction, pinch and muscle strength, Action Research Arm Test score and muscle or subcutaneous thickness. Myotonometry can detect scapular muscles stiffness differences between pre- and post-intervention in painful conditions and, sometimes, between symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant HII Regions V: G333.1--0.4

We present high angular resolution near--infrared images of the obscured Galactic Giant HII (GHII) region G333.1--0.4 in which we detect an OB star cluster. For G333.1--0.4, we find OB stars and other massive objects in very early evolutionary stages, possibly still accreting. We obtained $K$--band spectra of three stars; two show O type photospheric features, while the third has no photospheric features but does show CO 2.3 $\mu$m band--head emission. This object is at least as hot as an early B type star based on its intrinsic luminosity and is surrounded by a circumstellar disc/envelope which produces near infrared excess emission. A number of other relatively bright cluster members also display excess emission in the $K$--band, indicative of disks/envelopes around young massive stars. Based upon the O star photometry and spectroscopy, the distance to the cluster is 2.6 $\pm$ 0.4 kpc, similar to a recently derived kinematic (near side) value. The slope of the $K$--band luminosity function is similar to those found in other young clusters. The mass function slope is more uncertain, and we find $-1.3 \pm 0.2 < \Gamma < -1.1 \pm 0.2$- for stars with M $> 5$ M$_\odot$ where the upper an lower limits are calculated independently for different assumptions regarding the excess emission of the individual massive stars. The number of Lyman continuum photons derived from the contribution of all massive stars in the cluster is 0.2 $\times$ $10^{50}$ $s^{-1}$ $< NLyc < 1.9$ $\times$ $10^{50}$ $s^{-1}$. The integrated cluster mass is 1.0 $\times$ $10^{3}$ $M_\odot < M_{cluster} < 1.3$ $\times$ $10^{3}$ $M_\odot$.Comment: 31 pages, including 12 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the A

Studies on Seed Colouring in Soybean and Tomato

The effects of seed colouring using 25 dyes (i.e. 20 chemical and 5 natural dyes) on the quality of soyabean (cv. JS 335) and tomato (cv. Pusa Ruby) seeds were studied in the laboratory. Data were recorded for seed germination percentage, root and shoot length, whole seedling length, dry weight of seedling, vigour index, speed of germination and electrical conductivity. Rhodamine-B, Fast green and Malachite green for soyabean and Rhodamine-B and Fast green for tomato were the best dyes for seed colouring

Infecção congênita pelo citomegalovírus: ocorrência em duas populações de nível sócio-econômico diferentes em São Paulo, Brasil

In São Paulo, Brazil, between November 1980 and July 1982, 1614 newborns of middle socioeconomic background and 1156 newborns of low socioeconomic background were examined for the occurrence of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection by isolation of virus from urine samples or detection of specific anti-CMV IgM in umbilical cord serum tested by immunofluorescence. In the low socioeconomic population prevalence of CMV complement-fixing antibodies in mothers was 84.4%(151/179) and the incidence of congenital infection assessed by virus isolation 0.98% (5/508), as compared with 0.46% (3/648) in the group of newborns tested by detection of specific anti-CMV IgM in umbilical cord-serum. In middle socioeconomic level population prevalence of CMV complement-fixing antibodies in mothers was 66.5% (284/427) and the incidence of CMV congenital infection was 0.39% (2/518) in the group of newborns screened by virus isolation and 0.18% (2/1096) in the group tested by detection of specific anti-CMV IgM. In the present study none of the 12 congenitally infected newborns presented clinical apparent disease at birth.Entre novembro de 1980 e julho de 1982, 1614 recém-nascidos (RNs) de nivel sócio-econômico médio e 1156 RNs de baixo nível sócioeconômico foram examinados para verificar a ocorrência de infecção congênita pelo citomegalovírus (CMV), através de isolamento do vírus em amostras de urina ou detecção de anticorpos IgM específicos em amostras de sangue de cordão umbilical. Na população de baixo nível sócio econômico a prevalência de anticorpos fixadores do complemento (Ac Fc) anti-CMV nas mães foi de 84,4% (151/179) e a incidência de infecção congênita determinada por isolamento do vírus foi de 0,90% (5/508). No grupo de RNs em que o diagnóstico baseou-se apenas na detecção de Ac IgM CMV-específicos no sangue de cordão a incidência de infecção congênita foi de apenas 0,46% (3/648). Na população de nivel sócio-econômico médio a prevalência de Ac Fc anti-CMV nas mães foi de 66,5% (284/427) e a incidência de infecção congênita foi de 0,39% (2/518) no grupo de RNs testados por isolamento de vírus na urina e 0,18% (2/1090) no grupo testado por detecção de Ac IgM específicos. No presente estudo nenhum dos 12 RNs infectados congenitamente apresentou sinais ou sintomas de doença ao nascimento