5-Benzyl­idene-3-phenyl-2-phenyl­imino-1,3-thia­zolidin-4-one

The title compound, C22H16N2OS, is a chalcone analog with a thia­zolidinone core that was synthesized as a potential cytotoxic and anti­cancer agent. The structure is commensurately modulated by unit-cell doubling along the direction of the a axis of the cell. The two crystallographically independent mol­ecules are differerentiated by the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzyl­idene phenyl group against the thia­zolidin-4-one moiety, which is 5.01 (7)° in one mol­ecule, and 17.41 (6)° in the other. The two mol­ecules are otherwise close to being indistinguishable and are related by crystallographic pseudo-translation. The two mol­ecules are not planar but are slightly bent with the benzyl­idene and phenyl­imino substituents being bent upwards with respect to the center planes of the two mol­ecules. The degree of bending of the two halves of the thia­zolidin-4-one moieties (defined as the planes that inter­sect at the S atom) are 11.08 (7) and 15.88 (7)°. Packing of the mol­ecules is facilitated by C—H⋯π inter­actions and slipped π–π stacking between one of the phenyl rings and a neighboring ethylene π system [distance between the centroid of the ethylene group and the closest phenyl C atom = 3.267 (2) Å, Cg(phenyl)⋯Cg(ethylene) = 3.926 Å]

Underpinning beneficial maize response to application of minimally processed homogenates of red and brown seaweeds

Sap from the fresh seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii (KA) has been reported to improve crop growth, quality, and stress alleviation. However, limited studies are reported for the minimally processed aqueous homogenates (MPHs) derived from dry seaweeds. The present investigation was envisaged to characterize the MPHs from the red seaweed KA and a brown seaweed Sargassum wightii (SW) and also assess the effect of foliar application on maize (Zea mays) crop performance when applied alone or in proportions ranging from 0% to 100%. Two doses (0.35% and 0.7%) were compared with control. Both the MPHs contained several compounds like retronecine, tyrosyl-glycine, hexyl 2-furoate, 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol, 12-(2,3-dihydroxycyclopentyl)-2-dodecanone, and trihomomethionine and many others that have known bioactivity for enhancing plant growth and providing stress tolerance. Both doses of MPHs enhanced crop growth and yield; however, the best response was in general observed at a lower dose. The MPH of SW at 100% gave the highest seed yield at a lower dose, which was also on par with that obtained under a lower dose of 100% KA. Other combinations, 80:20 and 40:60 KA : SW, were also found to give comparable yields. The highest dose of 100% MPH of SW was found on par with control, a phenomenon that was investigated in detail with respect to metabolites and antioxidant profile in leaves as well as membrane modeling. Higher ROS and certain sugar and organic acids were observed in 100% MPH of SW at a higher dose, although none of the antioxidant enzymes were significantly affected, nor was there any change in membrane characteristics of the leaf with respect to control as well as lower dose. Improvements in the seed yield were attributed to improved photosynthate production on account of higher dry matter accumulation in the MPH-treated plants, which may also be attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds in the biostimulants. In the future, it is imperative to direct scientific investigations towards the quantification and identification of the most effective concentrations of these compounds within MPHs to optimize plant responses. The study indicated the beneficial use of the MPHs towards increasing crop production by employing optimum dose as foliar spray to crops

Co-infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 and their management

SARS-CoV-2 was discovered in Wuhan, China and quickly spread throughout the world. This deadly virus moved from person to person, resulting in severe pneumonia, fever, chills and hypoxia. Patients are still experiencing problems after recovering from COVID-19. This review covers COVID-19 and associated issues following recovery from COVID-19, as well as multiorgan damage risk factors and treatment techniques. Several unusual illnesses, including mucormycosis, white fungus infection, happy hypoxia and other systemic abnormalities, have been reported in recovered individuals. In children, multisystem inflammatory syndrome with COVID-19 (MIS-C) is identified. The reasons for this might include uncontrollable steroid usage, reduced immunity, uncontrollable diabetes mellitus and inadequate care following COVID-19 recovery

Novel diamino imidazole and pyrrole-containing polyamides: Synthesis and DNA binding studies of mono- and diamino-phenyl-ImPy*Im polyamides designed to target 5 \u27-ACGCGT-3 \u27

Pyrrole- and imidazole-containing polyamides are widely investigated as DNA sequence selective binding agents that have potential use as gene control agents. The key challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal is the development of polyamides with low molar mass so the molecules can readily diffuse into cells and concentrate in the nucleus. In addition, the molecules must have appreciable water solubility, bind DNA sequence specifically, and with high affinity. It is on this basis that the orthogonally positioned diamino/dicationic polyamide Ph-ImPy*Im 5 was designed to target the sequence 5\u27-ACGCGT-3\u27. Py* denotes the pyrrole unit that contains a N-substituted aminopropyl pendant group. The DNA binding properties of diamino polyamide 5 were determined using a number of techniques including CD, Delta T(M), DNase I footprinting, SPR and ITC studies. The effects of the second amino moiety in Py* on DNA binding affinity over its monoamino counterpart Ph-ImPylm 3 were assessed by conducting DNA binding studies of 3 in parallel with 5. The results confirmed the minor groove binding and selectivity of both polyamides for the cognate sequence 5\u27-ACGCGT-3\u27. The diamino/dicationic polyamide 5 showed enhanced binding affinity and higher solubility in aqueous media over its monoamino/monocationic counterpart Ph-ImPylm 3. The binding constant of 5, determined from SPR studies, was found to be 1.5 x 10(7) M(-1), which is similar to 3 times higher than that for its monoamino analog 3 (4.8 x 10(6) M(-1)). The affinity of 5 is now approaching that of the parent compound f-ImPyIm 1 and its diamino equivalent 4. The advantages of the design of diamino polyamide 5 over 1 and 4 are its sequence specificity and the ease of synthesis compared to the N-terminus pyrrole analog 2. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Corrigendum to “Novel diamino imidazole and pyrrole-containing polyamides: Synthesis and DNA binding studies of mono- and diamino-phenyl-ImPy*Im polyamides designed to target 5′-ACGCGT-3′” [Bioorg. Med. Chem. 20 (2012) 693–701]

Pyrrole- and imidazole-containing polyamides are widely investigated as DNA sequence selective binding agents that have potential use as gene control agents. The key challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal is the development of polyamides with low molar mass so the molecules can readily diffuse into cells and concentrate in the nucleus. In addition, the molecules must have appreciable water solubility, bind DNA sequence specifically, and with high affinity. It is on this basis that the orthogonally positioned diamino/dicationic polyamide Ph-ImPy*Im 5 was designed to target the sequence 5′-ACGCGT-3′. Py* denotes the pyrrole unit that contains a N-substituted aminopropyl pendant group. The DNA binding properties of diamino polyamide 5 were determined using a number of techniques including CD, ΔTM, DNase I footprinting, SPR and ITC studies. The effects of the second amino moiety in Py* on DNA binding affinity over its monoamino counterpart Ph-ImPyIm 3 were assessed by conducting DNA binding studies of 3 in parallel with 5. The results confirmed the minor groove binding and selectivity of both polyamides for the cognate sequence 5′-ACGCGT-3′. The diamino/dicationic polyamide 5 showed enhanced binding affinity and higher solubility in aqueous media over its monoamino/monocationic counterpart Ph-ImPyIm 3. The binding constant of 5, determined from SPR studies, was found to be 1.5 × 107 M−1, which is ∼3 times higher than that for its monoamino analog 3 (4.8 × 106 M−1). The affinity of 5 is now approaching that of the parent compound f-ImPyIm 1 and its diamino equivalent 4. The advantages of the design of diamino polyamide 5over 1 and 4 are its sequence specificity and the ease of synthesis compared to the N-terminus pyrrole analog 2