Prevalência dos principais achados nosográficos identificados em bovinos abatidos sob inspeção estadual no oeste paranaense

Orientador: Luciano dos Santos BersotMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Especialização em Gestão em Defesa AgropecuáriaInclui referênciasResumo: Este trabalho retrospectivo teve como objetivo estudar a prevalência de achados em bovinos abatidos em frigoríficos, bem como, alertar e sensibilizar a sociedade sobre a importância de determinadas doenças no Estado do Paraná. Foram coletados dados de lesões identificadas em bovinos abatidos em frigoríficos com inspeção sanitária do SIP/POA, no Oeste do Estado do Paraná durante o período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. Durante o período avaliado foi abatido um total de 102457 bovinos e a prevalência na região apresentou-se semelhante a diversas regiões nacionais, relacionadas às características dos ciclos biológicos de parasitas (aspectos epidemiológicos) e fatores climáticos. A inspeção da carcaça ao abate, além de evitar o risco que a carne de animais contaminados possa representar à saúde pública, desempenha um papel importante na vigilância epidemiológica dessas doenças e qualidade da carne distribuída por estes estabelecimentos com inspeção estadualAbstract: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence findings of cattle in slaughterhouses, as well to alert and sensitize the society about the importance of certain diseases in Parana state. Data were collected from lesions identified in cattle in slaughterhouses with sanitary inspection of SIP / POA, in the western state of Paraná during the period from January 2009 to December 2010. During the study period was slaughtered a total of 102,457 cattle and the prevalence in the region had to be similar to several national regions, related to characteristics of the biological cycles of parasites (epidemiology) and climatic factors. Inspection of the carcass traits, and avoid the risk that the meat of infected animals may pose to public health, plays an important role in their epidemiological surveillance and quality of meat distributed by these businesses with state inspectio

A importância do marketing para a gestão dos serviços de saúde

Orientador : Paulo PradoMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curso de Especialização em MarketingInclui referênciasResumo: O presente estudo pretende discutir as dificuldades que os administradores encontram na gestão dos serviços de saúde e de que forma o Marketing repercute na qualidade desses serviços, proporcionando lucro para a empresa e satisfação para o cliente. Também é objetivo desse estudo mostrar que o Marketing tem influência na qualidade dos serviços de saúde prestados e na lucratividade da empresa, elucidar que é possível prestar bons serviços de saúde garantindo a satisfação do cliente com poucos recursos, mostrar que é perfeitamente aplicável um plano de Marketing em uma instituição de grande porte, como um hospital e propiciar aos profissionais de saúde, informações e conhecimentos sobre o Marketing, que certamente os diferenciará de seus concorrente

INCOME SMOOTHING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Income smoothing is a strategy aimed at altering accounting results in order to reduce fluctuations. In the other hand, by adopting corporate governance mechanisms it may be possible to reduce information asymmetry and, consequently, reduce the possibility of smoothing results. The general objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the adoption of corporate governance mechanisms and income smoothing. Financial data were selected from 211 Brazilian public companies between 2000 and 2015. The firms were separated according to whether or not they adhered to B3’s differentiated corporate governance segments. Income smoothing was measured using both the model by Eckel (1981) and a version of the model proposed by Leuz et al., (2003). The analysis was performed using non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum tests and descriptive analyses. Based on the descriptive analysis, it was not possible to state that the group of firms adhering to the corporate governance levels had a smaller proportion of companies that smooth results; and the hypothesis that the degree of income smoothing is lower for such companies was not confirmed. The assumption that levels of corporate governance reduce the possibility of income smoothing was not validated based on non-parametric tests. Based on the descriptive analysis, it was concluded that both the proportion of companies that smooth results, and the degree of smoothing by organizations following the B3’s corporate governance levels are not lower than the ones shown by companies that do not follow the levels

Potências do falso

Neste texto em forma de diário, o artista Eric Baudelaire imagina uma exposição cuja premissa seria questionar através de trabalhos artísticos, as margens entre documento e ficção. Citando realizadores iconoclastas e iconofílicos, uma terceira via é elaborada a partir dos filmes de Peter Watkins borrando tais fronteiras, a fim de repensar a História e suas representações. Também em sua escrita Baudelaire transita do coloquial à crítica de arte. Em viagens, o artista toma nota de acontecimentos casuais relembrando catástrofes como a Shoah e as bombas atômicas lançadas em Hiroshima e Nagazaki. O título, potências do falso, faz referência ao conceito de Gilles Deleuze, relevante ao se pensar a produção e circulação das imagens no contemporâneo.  In this text, that takes the form of a journal, the artist Eric Baudelaire pictures an exhibition that would interrogate, through the articulation of artworks, the limits between document and fiction. Commenting iconoclasts and iconophiles filmmakers, Baudelaire brings a third way of relation with images, which is developed by Peter Watkins’ border-blurring movies, in order to rethink History and its representations. The author transits, in his writing, through art criticism and a colloquial speech as well. During his trips, Baudelaire takes notes of casual events recalling catastrophes such as the Shoah and Hiroshima and Nagasaki’s atomic bombs. The title, “power of the false”, refers to Gille Deleuze’s concept, relevant to the questioning of image production and circulation nowadays

Unprecedented Fe delivery from the Congo River margin to the South Atlantic Gyre

Rivers are a major supplier of particulate and dissolved material to the ocean, but their role as sources of bio-essential dissolved iron (dFe) is thought to be limited due to rapid, efficient Fe removal during estuarine mixing. Here, we use trace element and radium isotope data to show that the influence of the Congo River margin on surface Fe concentrations is evident over 1000 km from the Congo outflow. Due to an unusual combination of high Fe input into the Congo-shelf-zone and rapid lateral transport, the Congo plume constitutes an exceptionally large offshore dFe flux of 6.8 ± 2.3 × 108 mol year−1. This corresponds to 40 ± 15% of atmospheric dFe input into the South Atlantic Ocean and makes a higher contribution to offshore Fe availability than any other river globally. The Congo River therefore contributes significantly to relieving Fe limitation of phytoplankton growth across much of the South Atlantic

Benthic fluxes of trace metals in the Chukchi Sea and their transport into the Arctic Ocean

Highlights • Frequent sediment resuspension may have buffered D-Fe released from shelf sediments. • 228Ra was used to estimate trace element fluxes from the Chukchi shelf sediments. • The estimated sediment 228Ra flux ranks among the highest reported globally. • About 10–25% of the Chukchi shelf sediment Fe flux is exported to the Arctic Ocean. The Chukchi Sea is a primary site for shelf-ocean exchange in the Arctic region and modifies Pacific-sourced water masses as they transit via the Bering Strait into the Arctic Ocean. The aim of this study was to use radium and trace metal distributions to improve our understanding of biogeochemical cycles in the Bering and Chukchi Seas, and evaluate their potential response to future changes in the Arctic. We investigated the distributions of dissolved and total dissolvable trace metals (Cd, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, and Pb) in the Bering and Chukchi Seas during spring. In addition, the long-lived radium isotopes (226Ra and 228Ra) were measured as tracers of benthic trace metal inputs. Trace metal concentrations, especially Fe and Mn, were highly elevated in Chukchi shelf waters compared with the open Arctic Ocean and Bering Strait. Trace metal, nutrient, and Ra patterns suggested that Fe, Mn, and Co concentrations were predominantly controlled by reductive benthic inputs, whereas the other trace metals were influenced by biological uptake and release processes. We propose that Fe, Mn, and Co in the Chukchi Sea are supplied from shelf sediments during winter overturning, and we combine the 228Ra fluxes with the distributions of Fe, Mn, and Co to provide a first estimate of their benthic fluxes in the region. The average benthic flux of 228Ra was 1.49 × 108 atoms m−2 d−1, which is among the highest rates reported globally. Estimated dissolved Fe (D-Fe) flux from the sediments was 2.5 μmol m−2 d−1, whereas D-Mn and D-Co fluxes were 8.0 μmol m−2 d−1 and 0.2 μmol m−2 d−1, respectively. The off-shelf transport of D-Fe to the Arctic Ocean is estimated to be about 10–25% of the benthic Fe flux, with the remainder retained on the shelf due to scavenging and/or phytoplankton uptake. Our results highlight the importance of the Chukchi Sea as a major source of the micro-nutrients to the Arctic Ocean, thereby supporting primary production. Long-term changes in factors that affect cross-shelf mixing, such as the observed reduction in ice cover, may therefore enhance shelf nutrient inputs and primary productivity in the Arctic

Analysis of COVID-19 Infection and Mortality Among Patients With Psychiatric Disorders, 2020

IMPORTANCE: People with major psychiatric disorders are more likely to have comorbidities associated with worse outcomes of COVID-19. This fact alone could determine greater vulnerability of people with major psychiatric disorders to COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To assess the odds of testing positive for and mortality from COVID-19 among and between patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders and a reference group in a large national database. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used an electronic health record data set aggregated from many national sources in the United States and licensed from Optum with current and historical data on patients tested for COVID-19 in 2020. Three psychiatric cohorts (patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, or anxiety disorders) were compared with a reference group with no major psychiatric conditions. Statistical analysis was performed from March to April 2021. EXPOSURE: The exposures observed include lab-confirmed positivity for COVID-19 and mortality. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The odds of testing positive for COVID-19 in 2020 and the odds of death from COVID-19 were measured. RESULTS: The population studied included 2 535 098 unique persons, 3350 with schizophrenia, 26 610 with mood disorders, and 18 550 with anxiety disorders. The mean (SD) age was 44 (23) years; 233 519 were non-Hispanic African American, 1 583 440 were non-Hispanic Caucasian; and 1 580 703 (62%) were female. The schizophrenia cohort (positivity rate: 9.86%; adjusted OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84-0.97]) and the mood disorder cohort (positivity rate: 9.86%; adjusted OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87-0.99]) had a significantly lower rate of positivity than the anxiety disorder cohort (positivity rate: 11.17%; adjusted OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.98-1.12) which was closer to the reference group (11.91%). After fully adjusting for demographic factors and comorbid conditions, patients with schizophrenia were nearly 4 times more likely to die from the disease than the reference group (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 2.66-5.24). The mood disorders COVID-19 cohort had a 2.76 times greater odds of mortality than the reference group (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 2.00-3.81), and the anxiety disorders cohort had a 2.39 times greater odds of mortality than the reference group (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.68-3.27). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: By examining a large database while controlling for multiple confounding factors such as age, race and ethnicity, and comorbid medical conditions, the present study found that patients with schizophrenia had much increased odds of mortality by COVID-19

Nitrogen and phosphorus additions negatively affect tree species diversity in tropical forest regrowth trajectories

Nutrient enrichment is increasingly affecting many tropical ecosystems, but there is no information on how this affects tree biodiversity. To examine dynamics in vegetation structure and tree species biomass and diversity, we annually remeasured tree species before and for six years after repeated additions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in permanent plots of abandoned pasture in Amazonia. Nitrogen and, to a lesser extent, phosphorus addition shifted growth among woody species. Nitrogen stimulated growth of two common pioneer tree species and one common tree species adaptable to both high-and low-light environments, while P stimulated growth only of the dominant pioneer tree Rollinia exsucca (Annonaceae). Overall, N or P addition reduced tree assemblage evenness and delayed tree species accrual over time, likely due to competitive monopolization of other resources by the few tree species responding to nutrient enrichment with enhanced establishment and/or growth rates. Absolute tree growth rates were elevated for two years after nutrient addition. However, nutrient-induced shifts in relative tree species growth and reduced assemblage evenness persisted for more than three years after nutrient addition, favoring two nutrient-responsive pioneers and one early-secondary tree species. Surprisingly, N + P effects on tree biomass and species diversity were consistently weaker than N-only and P-only effects, because grass biomass increased dramatically in response to N + P addition. The resulting intensified competition probably prevented an expected positive N + P synergy in the tree assemblage. Thus, N or P enrichment may favor unknown tree functional response types, reduce the diversity of coexisting species, and delay species accrual during structurally and functionally complex tropical rainforest secondary succession