75 research outputs found

    INCLUSION SOCIALE, ENTRE COURANTS D’AIR ET ENFERMEMENTS ?

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    L’expression « sociĂ©tĂ© inclusive », inscrite aujourd’hui dans de nombreux discours relevant de la sociologie urbaine, arrive toutdroit des programmes onusiens des annĂ©es 1990. Elle fait suite, en Europe tout du moins, Ă  une autre appellation, coutumiĂšredes contextes de migrations de populations, « la sociĂ©tĂ© d’accueil ». On passe ainsi de l’accompagnement des arrivĂ©es et del’intĂ©gration des minoritĂ©s sujets/objets de l’immigration Ă  un projet de sociĂ©tĂ© qui relĂšve de la dĂ©fenses des intĂ©rĂȘts de lamajoritĂ©, mĂȘme s’il s’annonce comme opposĂ© Ă  toutes les formes de refus et d’exclusion que 3 gĂ©nĂ©rations de « migrants » n’ontpas rĂ©ussi Ă  Ă©radiquer. Il semblerait bien que l’inclusion renvoie ainsi aujourd’hui Ă  un double enjeu, difficilement maĂźtrisable : lamise en place polymorphe de dispositifs permettant au groupe social de se dĂ©fendre contre les intrusions et autres marginalitĂ©s,et tout Ă  la fois la possibilitĂ© donnĂ©e Ă  chaque citoyen de se retrouver partie prenante et agissante de ce corps social qui lui donnerepĂšres et moyens d’une construction de son identitĂ©

    On the suitability of longitudinal profile measurements using Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation for high current proton beams

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    The use of Smith-Purcell radiation to measure electrons longitudinal profiles has been demonstrated at several facilities in the picosecond and sub-picosecond range. There is a strong interest for the development of non intercepting longitudinal profile diagnostics for high current proton beams. We present here results of simulations on the expected yield of longitudinal profile monitors using Smith-Purcell radiation for such proton beams.Comment: Presented at IPAC 2014 - THPME08

    Éduquer aujourd’hui en Afrique ?

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    L’Éducation nationale cherche Ă  rĂ©aliser, avec difficultĂ©s, instruction et insertion socio-professionnelle. Ce modĂšle est transfĂ©rĂ© sur les pays colonisĂ©s ou aidĂ©s (colloquisĂ©s), sans adaptation. Les Ă©lites formĂ©es de ces pays perpĂ©tuent ce mouvement. Il convient de rajouter les difficultĂ©s matĂ©rielles ou gĂ©ographiques qui rendent difficile la scolaritĂ© des jeunes. Cette situation conduit nĂ©anmoins Ă  des formes originales d’éducation qui sont le fruit d’initiatives populaires fondĂ©es sur des notions d’utilitĂ© collective, de solidaritĂ©, de survie... Il y a lĂ  rĂ©ellement une dĂ©marche innovante, pragmatique, qui a l’avantage d’entraĂźner tous les enfants et de les motiver

    INCLUSION SOCIALE, ENTRE COURANTS D’AIR ET ENFERMEMENTS ?

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    L’expression « sociĂ©tĂ© inclusive », inscrite aujourd’hui dans de nombreux discours relevant de la sociologie urbaine, arrive toutdroit des programmes onusiens des annĂ©es 1990. Elle fait suite, en Europe tout du moins, Ă  une autre appellation, coutumiĂšredes contextes de migrations de populations, « la sociĂ©tĂ© d’accueil ». On passe ainsi de l’accompagnement des arrivĂ©es et del’intĂ©gration des minoritĂ©s sujets/objets de l’immigration Ă  un projet de sociĂ©tĂ© qui relĂšve de la dĂ©fenses des intĂ©rĂȘts de lamajoritĂ©, mĂȘme s’il s’annonce comme opposĂ© Ă  toutes les formes de refus et d’exclusion que 3 gĂ©nĂ©rations de « migrants » n’ontpas rĂ©ussi Ă  Ă©radiquer. Il semblerait bien que l’inclusion renvoie ainsi aujourd’hui Ă  un double enjeu, difficilement maĂźtrisable : lamise en place polymorphe de dispositifs permettant au groupe social de se dĂ©fendre contre les intrusions et autres marginalitĂ©s,et tout Ă  la fois la possibilitĂ© donnĂ©e Ă  chaque citoyen de se retrouver partie prenante et agissante de ce corps social qui lui donnerepĂšres et moyens d’une construction de son identitĂ©

    Study of Phase Reconstruction Techniques applied to Smith-Purcell Radiation Measurements

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    Measurements of coherent radiation at accelerators typically give the absolute value of the beam profile Fourier transform but not its phase. Phase reconstruction techniques such as Hilbert transform or Kramers Kronig reconstruction are used to recover such phase. We report a study of the performances of these methods and how to optimize the reconstructed profiles.Comment: Presented at IPAC'14 - THPME08

    Colonialité et occidentalocentrisme : quels enjeux pour la production des savoirs ?

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    Cet article porte sur les rapports de pouvoir dans la production des savoirs scientifiques, qui peuvent rendre compte de l’imbrication de la science et du politique. Il interroge plus particuliĂšrement l’existence et l’influence d’un phĂ©nomĂšne ostracisant et questionne la prĂ©tention Ă  l’universalitĂ© des paradigmes et des modĂšles utilisĂ©s par les institutions savantes occidentales et leurs reprĂ©sentants. À travers une posture rĂ©flexive et critique, une dĂ©marche mĂ©thodologique inductive et des Ă©lĂ©ments issus d’une revue de littĂ©rature, les auteurs concentrent leur attention sur les nouvelles formes de pertinence attribuĂ©es Ă  la notion de colonialitĂ©. Celle-ci constitue un concept opĂ©ratoire dans l’analyse des conflits de normes et des Ă©carts sociaux et culturels, et une grille de lecture expliquant les hiĂ©rarchies installĂ©es dans la diffusion des savoirs et la perdurance de collectifs subalternisĂ©s.This article deals with the power relations in the production of scientific knowledge, which highlights the imbrication of science and politics. It focuses on the existence and the influence of an ostracizing phenomenon that questions the universality claim in the science framework and scientific paradigms theorized in the (mainly Western) learned bodies. Adopting a reflexive and critique posture and using an inductive methodological approach and some elements from a literature review, the authors aim to shed light on the new forms of relevance attributed to the notion of coloniality. It provides a concept that may be enforced in the analysis of norms conflicts and social and cultural gaps. Il also constitutes an analytical grid of the hierarchy in the spread of knowledge and the subsistence of subaltern groups

    Reconstruction of longitudinal electrons bunch profiles at FACET, SLAC

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    Work supported by funding from Universite Paris Sud, program "Attractivite" and by the ANR under contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01 - http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/IPAC2014/papers/thpme093.pdfInternational audienceThe E-203 collaboration is testing a device on FACET at SLAC to measure the longitudinal profile of electron bunches using Smith-Purcell radiation [1]. At FACET the electron bunches have an energy of 20 GeV and a duration of a few hundred femtoseconds [2]. Smith-Purcell radiation is emitted when a charged particle passes close to the sur- face of a metallic grating. We have studied the stability of the measurement from pulse to pulse and the resolution of the measure depending on the number of gratings used

    Longitudinal Profile Monitor Using Smith-Purcell Radiation: Recent Results from the E-203 Collaboration

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    TUPC38 - Work supported by seed funding from the John Fell Fund, University of Oxford, Université Paris-Sud, program "Attractivité" and by the ANR under contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01International audienceWe report on recent measurements made at FACET by the E-203 collaboration to test a longitudinal bunch profile monitor based on Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation. The capacity of this monitor to resolve sub-picosecond bunches will be shown as well as a comparison of profile reconstructed for different beam compression settings. We will also present recent electromagnetic simulations of the interactions between the beam and the grating as well as the expected resolution of such monitor. Comparison between Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation measurement and those made with other techniques will also be discussed. Finally future upgrades of the experiment and steps toward the construction of a single shot longitudinal profile monitor will be presented

    Dissecting the transcriptional phenotype of ribosomal protein deficiency: implications for Diamond-Blackfan Anemia

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    Defects in genes encoding ribosomal proteins cause Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA), a red cell aplasia often associated with physical abnormalities. Other bone marrow failure syndromes have been attributed to defects in ribosomal components but the link between erythropoiesis and the ribosome remains to be fully defined. Several lines of evidence suggest that defects in ribosome synthesis lead to "ribosomal stress" with p53 activation and either cell cycle arrest or induction of apoptosis. Pathways independent of p53 have also been proposed to play a role in DBA pathogenesis. We took an unbiased approach to identify p53-independent pathways activated by defects in ribosome synthesis by analyzing global gene expression in various cellular models of DBA. Ranking-Principal Component Analysis (Ranking-PCA) was applied to the identified datasets to determine whether there are common sets of genes whose expression is altered in these different cellular models. We observed consistent changes in the expression of genes involved in cellular amino acid metabolic process, negative regulation of cell proliferation and cell redox homeostasis. These data indicate that cells respond to defects in ribosome synthesis by changing the level of expression of a limited subset of genes involved in critical cellular processes. Moreover, our data support a role for p53-independent pathways in the pathophysiology of DBA
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