4,349 research outputs found
Analytic Bjorken flow in one-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamics
In the initial stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, strong magnetic
fields appear due to the large velocity of the colliding charges. The evolution
of these fields appears as a novel and intriguing feature in the
fluid-dynamical description of heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we study
analytically the one-dimensional, longitudinally boost-invariant motion of an
ideal fluid in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. Interestingly, we
find that, in the limit of ideal magnetohydrodynamics, i.e., for infinite
conductivity, and irrespective of the strength of the initial magnetization,
the decay of the fluid energy density with proper time is the same
as for the time-honored "Bjorken flow" without magnetic field. Furthermore,
when the magnetic field is assumed to decay , where is an
arbitrary number, two classes of analytic solutions can be found depending on
whether is larger or smaller than one. In summary, the analytic solutions
presented here highlight that the Bjorken flow is far more general than
formerly thought. These solutions can serve both to gain insight on the
dynamics of heavy-ion collisions in the presence of strong magnetic fields and
as testbeds for numerical codes.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, corrected typos and symbols, accepted for
publication in Phys.Lett.
Effect of intense magnetic fields on reduced-MHD evolution in = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions
We investigate the effect of large magnetic fields on the dimensional
reduced-magnetohydrodynamical expansion of hot and dense nuclear matter
produced in = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions. For the sake of
simplicity, we consider the case where the magnetic field points in the
direction perpendicular to the reaction plane. We also consider this field to
be external, with energy density parametrized as a two-dimensional Gaussian.
The width of the Gaussian along the directions orthogonal to the beam axis
varies with the centrality of the collision. The dependence of the magnetic
field on proper time () for the case of zero electrical conductivity of
the QGP is parametrized following [Deng 2012], and for finite electrical
conductivity following [Tuchin 2013]. We solve the equations of motion of ideal
hydrodynamics for such an external magnetic field. For collisions with non-zero
impact parameter we observe considerable changes in the evolution of the
momentum eccentricities of the fireball when comparing the case when the
magnetic field decays in a conducting QGP medium and when no magnetic field is
present. The elliptic-flow coefficient of is shown to increase
in the presence of an external magnetic field and the increment in is
found to depend on the evolution and the initial magnitude of the magnetic
field.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, new discussion added, published in Phys.Rev.
Spin Seebeck effect from antiferromagnetic magnons and critical spin fluctuations in epitaxial FeF2 films
We report a longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (SSE) study in epitaxially grown
FeF2(110) antiferromagnetic (AFM) thin films with strong uniaxial anisotropy
over the temperature range of 3.8 - 250 K. Both the magnetic field- and
temperature-dependent SSE signals below the N\'eel temperature (TN=70 K) of the
FeF2 films are consistent with a theoretical model based on the excitations of
AFM magnons without any net induced static magnetic moment. In addition to the
characteristic low-temperature SSE peak associated with the AFM magnons, there
is another SSE peak at TN which extends well into the paramagnetic phase. All
the SSE data taken at different magnetic fields up to 12 T near and above the
critical point TN follow the critical scaling law very well with the critical
exponents for magnetic susceptibility of 3D Ising systems, which suggests that
the AFM spin correlation is responsible for the observed SSE near TN
Tearing instability and periodic density perturbations in the slow solar wind
In contrast with the fast solar wind, that originates in coronal holes, the
source of the slow solar wind is still debated. Often intermittent and enriched
with low FIP elements -- akin to what is observed in closed coronal loops --
the slow wind could form in bursty events nearby helmet streamers. Slow winds
also exhibit density perturbations which have been shown to be periodic and
could be associated with flux ropes ejected from the tip of helmet streamers,
as shown recently by the WISPR white light imager onboard Parker Solar Probe
(PSP). In this work, we propose that the main mechanism controlling the release
of flux ropes is a flow-modified tearing mode at the heliospheric current sheet
(HCS). We use MHD simulations of the solar wind and corona to reproduce
realistic configurations and outflows surrounding the HCS. We find that this
process is able to explain long (h) and short (h)
timescales of density structures observed in the slow solar wind. This study
also sheds new light on the structure, topology and composition of the slow
solar wind, and could be, in the near future, compared with white light and in
situ PSP observations.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Servitization transformation:drivers, benefit and barriers
The study described in this paper has set out to build the evidence base underpinning servitization transformation. We applied a Delphi research methodology from 33 senior executives, in 28 different sized organisations, from a cross section of British industry. Our findings focus on servitization: (1) drivers, (2) benefit (3) barriers. The four findings are presented to contribute to our understanding of the transformation processes that manufacturers to compete through servitization
A Delphi study to explore the adoption of servitization in UK companies
This paper explores and rationalises the process of servitization adoption across manufacturing firms. A Delphi research methodology has been applied to capture evidence and opinion from 33 senior executives, in 28 different sized organisations, from a cross section of British industry. The findings focus on five areas: (1) servitization and advanced services, (2) transformation: stimulus, drivers and organisational change, (3) impact on the customer and manufacturer, (4) enablers and inhibitors and (5) potential for business and the economy. Six findings are presented and collectively these contribute to our understanding of the broader change management processes that transform manufacturers to compete through advanced services
Customers' intention towards O2O food delivery service under the different characteristic of customer group – a case study of Suzhou Industrial Park
Two research questions are identified and discussed. Relevant factors that influence the customer preferences were selected as research objects, data collection was based on 348 valid questionnaires, SPSS software was used for data analysis by the means of the multivariate logistic research model. Customer intentions include delivery payment, delivery time, food quality and brand trust. Customer reviews are related to customer preferences. The delivery payment is the most important factor when customers use food delivery service, but different groups of people have different tendency compared with their counterparts. All variables are designed based on baseline categories; the outcome of the model is only significant while comparing two groups of variables. Multivariate logistic research model is used to find customer preferences under the different characteristic of customer groups based on questionnaires and tries to forecast the possibility of the tendency of one targeting customer group in Suzhou Industrial Park. This research conduct a questionnaire on the Suzhou industry park, the respondents are mainly students and white collars customers, the characteristics of respondents are typical in this area
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