Assessoria tecnológica em arquitetura e engenharia para habitação popular

O objetivo deste projeto é levar aos moradores de bairros populares de Foz do Iguaçu a assessoria tecnológica gratuita, visando a melhoria na qualidade de vida e no seu bem estar. Nos anos 2017 e 2018, o projeto tem estudado e difundido técnicas alternativas de construções de baixo impacto ambiental e com materiais de construção mais baratos em relação aos convencionais. As técnicas utilizadas foram taipa de pilão, em 2017, e taipa de mão, em 2018, técnicas que utilizam terra como principal componente de construção. Foram realizados testes do solo de Foz do Iguaçu procurando uma melhor combinação (traço) de materiais para ser utilizado em tais construções. O projeto teve como resultado alguns cursos para a comunidade acadêmica e local com o intuito de transmitir os conhecimentos adquiridos com os estudos de solo e com a realização das técnicas taipa de pilão e taipa de mão. O projeto visa também contribuir para estabelecer um contato permanente dos alunos com as demandas sociais fortalecendo o compromisso social das ações da universidade e a troca de conhecimentos com a sociedade por meio das atividades de extensão universitária

TARSAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: A STILL CHALLENGE CONDITION

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a rare, under diagnosed and often confused neuropathy with other clinical entities. There is a lack of population studies on this disease. Herein, we performed a non-systematic review of articles between January 1992 and February 2018. Although with a less complex anatomy comparing to the carpal tunnel, the tarsal tunnel is source of pain and some other conditions. Treatmentinvolves conservative measures such as analgesics and physical  therapy rehabilitation or surgical procedures in case of conservative treatment failure. Randomized control studies are lack and mandatory for uncover the best modality of treatment for this condition

Papel do córtex parietal posterior na realização de uma tarefa sensório-motora

This study aimed to elucidate electrophysiological and cortical mechanisms involved in anticipatory actions when individuals had to catch balls in free drop; specifically through quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) alpha absolute power changes. The sample was composed for 23 health subjects, both sexes, with ages varying between 25 and 40 years, absence of mental and physical illness, right handed and don't make use of any psychoactive or psychotropic substance at the time of the study. The experiment consisted of a task of catching balls in free drop. The three-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated an interaction between moment and position factors in left parietal posterior cortex (PPC) (p=0.001). Through the experimental task employed, this area demonstrated a differentiated activity involving expectation, planning and preparedness in the ball's drop task.O estudo tentou elucidar mecanismos eletrofisiológicos e corticais envolvidos em ações antecipatórias quando os sujeitos testados tiveram que apreender bolas em queda livre; especificamente através de mudanças na potência absoluta na banda alfa da eletrencefalografia quantitativa (EEGq). A amostra foi composta por 23 sujeitos sadios, ambos os sexos, idade entre variando entre 25 e 40 anos, sem comprometimento físico e mental, destros, e não fazer uso de nenhuma substância psicoativa ou psicotrópicos até o momento do estudo. O experimento consistiu de uma tarefa de apreensão de bolas em queda livre. A análise three-way ANOVA demonstrou uma interação entre os fatores momento e posição no córtex parietal posterior (CPP) esquerdo (p=0,001). Através da tarefa experimental empregada, esta área demonstrou uma atividade diferenciada envolvendo expectativa, planejamento e prontidão na tarefa de queda de bolas

TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS IN CHILDHOOD: NEW ASPECTS OF NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS

Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) is a severe manifestation of tuberculosis that represents 1% of the cases of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Children are among the other age groups the most affected and when present, HIV-1 is responsible for poorer prognosis. It was carried out a search on the databases of Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo, looking for articles that approach the principals news aspects of neurologic complications caused by TBM. The literature cite asmajor neurologic fndings the hydrocephalus in approximately 80% patients, meningeal irritation, coma, seizures, intracranial pressure signs, cranial nerve palsy, hemiparesis and disorders in the movement. Neurologic sequelae occur in up to 50% of survivors and early diagnosis is crucial to reduce the occurrence of major functional losses. In this way, discussions presenting more specifc methods for TBM as well as better assessment of the signs and symptoms of thedisease is necessary for a better prognosis and lower mortality rate of these patient

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: one or multiple causes?

The Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease in the adulthood, and it is characterized by rapid and progressive compromise of the upper and lower motor neurons. The majority of the cases of ALS are classified as sporadic and, until now, a specific cause for these cases still is unknown. To present the different hypotheses on the etiology of ALS. It was carried out a search in the databases: Bireme, Scielo and Pubmed, in the period of 1987 to 2011, using the following keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, motor neuron disease, etiology, causes and epidemiology and its similar in Portuguese and Spanish. It did not have consensus as regards the etiology of ALS. Researches demonstrates evidences as regards intoxication by heavy metals, environmental and occupational causes, genetic mutations (superoxide dismutase 1), certain viral infections and the accomplishment of vigorous physical activity for the development of the disease. There is still no consensus regarding the involved factors in the etiology of ALS. In this way, new research about these etiologies are necessary, for a better approach of the patients, promoting preventive programs for the disease and improving the quality of life of the patients

Exame de Ultrassonografia entre 11 e 14 semanas e Síndrome de Edwards: relato de caso

Os autores relatam um caso de cromossomopatia, trimossomia do 18, Síndrome de Edwards que foi suspeitadoatravés do exame de ultrassonografia realizado entre 11 e 14 semanas de gestação, em duas oportunidades, quemostrou aumento da transluscência nucal acima de 2,5mm, a qual foi complementada com a medida do ossonasal e Doppler do ducto venoso e válvula tricuspede, estando todos exames alterados. Diante dessa suspeitadiagnóstica, indicou-se um método invasivo para idade gestacional acima de 14 semanas, a amniocentese. Noexame laboratorial do líquido amniótico, para pesquisa do cariótipo fetal foi então diagnosticado a trissomia docariotipo: 47,XX,+18, Síndrome de Edwards

CONTROLE RESIDUAL DE CAPIM AMARGOSO NA SOJA CULTIVADA EM REGIÃO DE CERRADO

For decision-making in the control of weeds in soybean crops, it is necessary to evaluate the species present, their density and their capacity to negatively interfere in crop yields. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of herbicides applied in pre-emergence on the control of Digitaria insularis (biotype of sourgrass) in soybean cultivated in the Cerrado region. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with 8 treatments, with 4 replicates, involving 7 formulated herbicides. The evaluated treatments were divided into T1 (control); T2- (paraquat); T3 (paraquat + flumioxazine); T4 (paraquat + imazethapyr); T5 (paraquat + [imazethapyr + flumioxazine]); T6 (paraquat + diclosulan); T7 (paraquat + [clomazone + carfentrazone]); T8 (paraquat + s-metalaclor). The application of pre-emergence herbicides in the soybean crop did not cause damage to its emergence and the high infestation of weeds observed in the control treatment resulted in the soybean crop. Pre-emergence herbicide treatments promoted a residual effect that culminated in the control of Digitaria insularis (biotype of sourgrass), in the cultivation of soybeans grown in the Cerrado region.Para tomada de decisão no controle de plantas daninhas em lavouras de soja, é necessário avaliação das espécies presentes, densidade e capacidade destas interferirem de forma negativa nos rendimentos da cultura. O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito residual de herbicidas aplicados em pré-emergência no controle do Digitaria insularis (capim-amargoso) na cultura da soja cultivado na região do Cerrado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 8 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram divididos em T1 (testemunha); T2- (paraquat); T3 (paraquat + flumioxazina); T4 (paraquat + imazethapyr); T5 (paraquat + [imazethapyr + flumioxazina]); T6 (paraquat + diclosulan); T7 (paraquat + [clomazona + carfentrazona]); T8 (paraquat + s-metalaclor). A aplicação de herbicidas em pré-emergência na cultura da soja não causou danos a sua emergência e a alta infestação de plantas daninhas observada no tratamento testemunha acarretou o estiolamento da cultura da soja. Os tratamentos com herbicida aplicados em pré-emergência, promoveram efeito residual que culminou no controle da Digitaria insularis (capim-amargoso), na cultura da soja cultivada em região do Cerrado

Hand immobilization causes changes in cortical areas: qEEG alpha band absolute power study

Hand immobilization has been associated with changes in neural networks of primary somatosensory cortex and primary motor areas. Electrophysiologically, alpha band absolute power may indicate how cerebral cortex processes information. This study aimed to analyze changes in alpha band absolute power on frontal, central, parietal and occipital derivations when hand-movement of subjects was restricted for 48 hours. Fifteen healthy volunteers (20 to 30 years old), were recorded using electroencephalography (qEEG), while exposition to visual stimulus linked to a motor task before and after hand immobilization. Statistical analysis revealed that hand immobilization caused changes in frontal, central and parietal areas of cerebral cortex. In summary, after hand immobilization alpha band absolute power increased in these areas, revealing a lower activation. Contrarily, at C4 there was a decreased alpha band absolute power correlated to more activation. These findings can be due adaptive plasticity to supply less activation at C3, considering the inactivity of right hand due to the immobilization. Further studies are needed to better understand the complex processes involved in this type of task

Neuroplasticity in visual impairments

The visual acuity loss enables the brain to access new pathways in the quest to overcome the visual limitation and this is wellknown as neuroplasticity which have mechanisms to cortical reorganization. In this review, we related the evidences about the neuroplasticity as well as cortical anatomical differences and functional repercussions in visual impairments. We performed a systematic review of PUBMED database, without date or status publication restrictions. The findings demonstrate that the visual impairment produce a compensatory sensorial effect, in which non-visual areas are related to both cross (visual congenital) and multimodal (late blind) neuroplasticity

Revisiting the term neuroprotection in chronic and degenerative diseases

Thanks to the development of several new researches, the lifetime presented a significant increase, even so, we still have many obstacles to overcome - among them, manage and get responses regarding neurodegenerative diseases. Where we are in the understanding of neuroprotection? Do we really have protective therapies for diseases considered degeneratives such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its variants, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and many others? Neuroprotection is defined by many researches as interactions and interventions that can slow down or even inhibit the progression of neuronal degeneration process. We make some considerations on this neuroprotective effect.Department of Neurology, Antonio Pedro University Hospital, Fluminense Federal University , NiteróiNeurology Service, Nova Iguaçu Hospital , PosseBrain Mapping Laboratory and Electroencephalogram, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroBrain Mapping and Functionality Laboratory, Federal University of PiauíSeverino Sombra University Center, School of Medicine , VassourasDepartment of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo , BrazilDepartment of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo , BrazilWeb of Scienc