Produtos naturais como agentes antibiofilme : uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos

Os biofilmes são complexos microbianos que se caracterizam por um agrupamento celular, sendo que até 35% da constituição do biofilme é composta pelo microrganismo e o volume restante é constituído pela matriz extracelular que é composta bas icamente por proteínas, polissacarídeos, DNA/RNA, íons e água. A cavidade bucal possui uma microbiota diversificada, composta por fungos e bactérias, como Streptococcus mutans , Staphylococcus epidermidis e leveduras da espécie Candida spp.. A presença de b iofilme também pode ocasionar doenças associadas a dispositivos em outras partes do corpo, tais como lentes de contato, cateteres venosos centrais, de dialise peritoneal ou urinários e próteses. Produtos provenientes de fontes naturais são, há muito tempo, utilizados para a profilaxia e trata mento de diferentes patologias. As plantas medicinais são recursos terapêuticos com a capacidade de aliviar ou curar patologias, tendo, muitas vezes, tradição de uso em uma determinada população. Esta revisão sistemátic a teve como objetivo apresentar a atividade de plantas medicinais utilizadas para o tratamento do controle do biofilme. A questão PICO definida foi: “ Quais plantas medicinais são eficazes para combater biofilmes de origem fúngica ou bacteriana em situ ações clínicas?”. Tendo o seu registro no PROSPERO sob o nº CRD42020204654. Como resultado, nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science , as buscas resultaram em 911 artigos que após as etapas de avaliações, leitura completas e integrais foram selecionado s 58 artigos para serem incluídos na revisão , utilizando a escala de Jaded para a análise de qualidade metodológica . Dentre os artigos incluídos na revisão, apenas 2 foram estudos clínicos que não avaliavam biofilme bucal, dentre todos os demais f oram para tratamentos de biofilme bucal. O produto natural mais utilizado foi Camellia sinensis (chá verde) com resultados positivos na redução da inflamação gengival. O óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia e os extratos de Aloe vera e Calendula officinalis apr esentaram resultados equiparados a clorexidina. Punica granatum demonstrou atividade anti inflamatória com a redução dos níveis de interleucina. Ricinus communis mesmo com a redução das contagens microbiológicas e dos índices gengivais, não foi melhor que a solução de hipoclorito. O óleo de alecrim, Rosmarinus officinalis , apresent ou atividade anti inflamatória e antimicrobiana. Salvadora pérsica, nas diversas for mas utilizadas reduziu o nível de sangramento e de placa bacteriana. Terminalia chebula apresentou resultados igualmente a clorexidina. Entend e se ser de extrema importância que as informações geradas a cada estudo sejam transformadas em conhecimento. A fi toterapia contribui há séculos para o crescimento de novas terapias e o incentivo da busca por novos tratamentos se faz cada vez mais importante e necessário

Chlamydia Trachomatis infection in infertile and pregnant women in southern Brazil

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection, affecting mainly young, sexually active women. Untreated infection may lead to reproductive complications due to tubal damage. Infections during pregnancy may cause preterm labor, low birth weight, perinatal death, and neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia. There are few data on CT infection in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine CT prevalence in infertile and pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 77 infertile and 60 asymptomatic pregnant women. First-void urine was tested for CT using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Blood samples were collected for CT IgG antibodies testing using indirect immunofluorescence. A questionnaire about medical, gynecological, and sexual history was completed by all participants. Results: We found statistically similar prevalence of PCR and IgG antibodies between the groups. There was a 61% prevalence of CT IgG antibodies in infertile women and 56.7% in pregnant women. PCR was positive in only one (1.3%) infertile woman and in none pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of CT IgG antibody in Brazilian pregnant and infertile women, but we found a low prevalence of positive PCR in the urine samples. CT antibodies were associated with sexual behavior and smoking

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in infertile and pregnant women in southern Brazil

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection, affecting mainly young, sexually active women. Untreated infection may lead to reproductive complications due to tubal damage. Infections during pregnancy may cause preterm labor, low birth weight, perinatal death, and neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia. There are few data on CT infection in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine CT prevalence in infertile and pregnant women.Methods: A cross-sectional study included 77 infertile and 60 asymptomatic pregnant women. First-void urine was tested for CT using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Blood samples were collected for CT IgG antibodies testing using indirect immunofluorescence. A questionnaire about medical, gynecological, and sexual history was completed by all participants.Results: We found statistically similar prevalence of PCR and IgG antibodies between the groups. There was a 61% prevalence of CT IgG antibodies in infertile women and 56.7% in pregnant women. PCR was positive in only one (1.3%) infertile woman and in none pregnant women.Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of CT IgG antibody in Brazilian pregnant and infertile women, but we found a low prevalence of positive PCR in the urine samples. CT antibodies were associated with sexual behavior and smoking.Keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia infections, prevalence, nucleic acid amplification techniques; infertility, female; fluorescent antibody techniqu

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in infertile and pregnant women in southern Brazil

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection, affecting mainly young, sexually active women. Untreated infection may lead to reproductive complications due to tubal damage. Infections during pregnancy may cause preterm labor, low birth weight, perinatal death, and neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia. There are few data on CT infection in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine CT prevalence in infertile and pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 77 infertile and 60 asymptomatic pregnant women. First-void urine was tested for CT using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Blood samples were collected for CT IgG antibodies testing using indirect immunofluorescence. A questionnaire about medical, gynecological, and sexual history was completed by all participants. Results: We found statistically similar prevalence of PCR and IgG antibodies between the groups. There was a 61% prevalence of CT IgG antibodies in infertile women and 56.7% in pregnant women. PCR was positive in only one (1.3%) infertile woman and in none pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of CT IgG antibody in Brazilian pregnant and infertile women, but we found a low prevalence of positive PCR in the urine samples. CT antibodies were associated with sexual behavior and smoking. Keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia infections, prevalence, nucleic acid amplification techniques; infertility, female; fluorescent antibody techniqu

Chlamydia Trachomatis infection in infertile and pregnant women in southern Brazil

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection, affecting mainly young, sexually active women. Untreated infection may lead to reproductive complications due to tubal damage. Infections during pregnancy may cause preterm labor, low birth weight, perinatal death, and neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia. There are few data on CT infection in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine CT prevalence in infertile and pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 77 infertile and 60 asymptomatic pregnant women. First-void urine was tested for CT using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Blood samples were collected for CT IgG antibodies testing using indirect immunofluorescence. A questionnaire about medical, gynecological, and sexual history was completed by all participants. Results: We found statistically similar prevalence of PCR and IgG antibodies between the groups. There was a 61% prevalence of CT IgG antibodies in infertile women and 56.7% in pregnant women. PCR was positive in only one (1.3%) infertile woman and in none pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of CT IgG antibody in Brazilian pregnant and infertile women, but we found a low prevalence of positive PCR in the urine samples. CT antibodies were associated with sexual behavior and smoking