Analysis of the remediation of coal tar-contaminated groundwater using ex situ remediation

The article describes the remediation of contaminated groundwater during the ex situ remediation of coal tar contamination following the closure of a coking plant in the Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic). The aim of the article is to point out the advantages of ex situ soil remediation via the excavation of the contaminated geological environment combined with thermal desorption, a method of removing contaminants both from soil and groundwater. Its advantage is the absolute qualitative and quantitative control over the contaminated soil with the possibility of precise segmentation into contaminated and non-contaminated soils. Next, all contaminated groundwater may be pumped off upon the construction of sealing walls to control groundwater flows. To excavate the soil, it is necessary to reduce the contaminated groundwater level inside the sealing walls and thus create conditions for the extraction of contaminated soils using standard machinery. In detail, the article describes the removal of the contaminated groundwater and compares the quality of the pumped and inflowing water before and after the remediation. The locality is characteristic of a high horizontal and vertical grain-size heterogeneity of gravel-sand, which led to a varying filtration coefficient affecting the capacities of pumped groundwater quantity during the remediation. At the start of the remediation process, the contaminant levels exceeded the limits by the Czech Environmental Inspectorate several times. The post-remediation monitoring showed that all the contaminant levels were below the limit. Surprisingly, the overall groundwater contamination amounted to 232.86 t of contaminants as non-aqueous phase liquids, and 6872.9 kg of dissolved contaminants. As much as 12,200 t of contaminants were removed from the soil.Web of Science1414art. no. 218

Analýza a návrh zlepšení systému TPM v podmínkách provozu VO - výroba železa a oceli v TŽ, a.s.

Import 19/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta metalurgie a materiálového inženýství. Katedra (639) kontroly a řízení jakost

Engineering Geological Assessment of Sealing of Geological Barriers and Bearing Capacity for Municipal Landfills

Cílem diplomové práce bylo inženýrskogeologické posouzení těsnosti geologických bariér a únosnosti pro skládky tuhého komunálního odpadu. V diplomové práci byly srovnávány čtyři skládky na lokalitách Velké Pavlovice, Kvítkovice, Prakšice a Horní Suchá, přičemž hlavním předmětem zájmu jsou základové spáry skládek, na kterých jsem realizoval inženýrskogeologické práce v souvislosti s kontrolou požadovaných vlastností a únosnosti. Dále bylo provedeno vyhodnocení a srovnání s inženýrskogeologickými průzkumy z pohledu základových půd, těžitelnosti, ale zejména však propustnosti, protože ta je z hlediska možného šíření kontaminace na skládce nejdůležitější. Rovněž byly hodnoceny zeminy základových spár skládek z hlediska zrnitosti, objemové hmotnosti, zhutnitelnosti Proctor Standard, parametru míry zhutnění D a modulu přetvárnosti. Hodnoty jednotlivých parametrů pro hodnocení vycházejí z geotechnických zkoušek, které jsem na lokalitách prováděl. Modul přetvárnosti a parametr míry zhutnění D charakterizují únosnost, zrnitost je využita ke klasifikaci zemin a ostatní parametry vyjadřují vlastnosti zemin. Bylo taktéž provedeno zhodnocení návrhu těsnícího systému skládek z hlediska geologických a technických bariér.The aim of this diploma thesis was engineering geological assessment of tightness geological barrier and bearing capacity for solid municipal waste landfills. Four landfills in locality Velké Pavlovice, Kvítkovice, Prakšice a Horní Suchá were compared in this diploma thesis, but the bottom surface of the landfills are the main point of interest where I implemented engineering geological work related with control required properties and bearing capacity. The evaluation and comparison with engineering geological surveys were done from the perspective of foundation soil, extractability, but especially throughput, because it´s the most important from the point of view of possible spread of contamination on the landfill. The earth of bottom surface of the landfills were rated as well from the point of view of the grain, density, compactness of Proctor standard, compaction rate parameter D and constrained modulus. The Values of individual parameters for evaluation are based od geotechnical exams I did in these lacations. The constrained modulus and compaction rate parameter D characterize bearing capacity, the grain is used for classification of the earth and the other parameters express quality. The evaluation of proposal of the landfills´sealing system was done from the point of view of geological and technical barriers.541 - Katedra geologického inženýrstvívýborn

Synthesis of tetrazoles as anticuberculotics

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Candidate: Petr Vicherek Supervisor: RNDr. Patrik Čonka, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis of tetrazoles as antituberculotics Although significant progress in therapy of tuberculosis has been made since effective drugs were discovered in the second half of the 20th century, it is still widespread and refractory curable disease. The situation is complicated with growing appearance of resistant strains and for that reason it is necessary to search for new potential antituberculotics. The aim of this work was to continue with synthesis of antimycobacterial-efficient structures based on tetrazole. Firstly, we synthesised derivates of 1-aryl-5-[(3,5-dinitrobenzyl)sulfanyl]-1H-tetrazole by the method of Williamson's synthesis, when the reaction of 1-aryl-1H-tetrazol-5-thiol with 3,5-dinitrobenzylchloride was performed. Conditions of the reactions were further optimalised. We prepared by the same way derivates of 1-fenyl-5-[(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl)sulfanyl]-1H-tetrazole afterwards, as analogues of previous tetrazoles missing the electron withdrawing 3,5-dinitrosubstitution. Furthermore, we concentrated on synthesis of substituted 1,5-diphenyl-1H-tetrazoles. Substituted..

Engineering-geological comparative analysis of four cases studies of waste landfills

Abstract The aim of the paper is to carry out a comparative engineering-geological study of four different waste landfills using the evaluation criteria for the geological subsoil as a natural sealing barrier. The study evaluates 4 localities (Velké Pavlovice, Kvítkovice, Prakšice and Horní Suchá) using three variants (based on two standards) which approach the geological barrier requirements as a combination of impermeability requirements based on a filtration coefficient limit value. and the required geometry represented by investigation depths. The research was carried out in landfills in Moravia, in the east of the Czech Republic. The study’s motivation is to point at the differences in engineering-geological investigations of waste landfills (as for the requirements for impermeable geological subsoil as a natural sealing barrier) when compared with other engineering structures (where the main goal is to evaluate load-bearing capacity and settlement). The purpose of the geological barrier is to prevent the spread of contamination, and the paper shows this can be approached differently, as shown in two different methodologies investigated herein. The first model (Model 1) assumes there is a 3-m-thick subsoil below the landfill’s footing bottom, which manifests impermeability characterized by the filtration coefficient Kf ≤ 1.0 * 10–9 m/s, or a 30-m-thick subsoil of Kf ≤ 1.0 * 10–8 m/s. The second model (Model 2) assumes a 1-m thick, impermeable subsoil massif of Kf ≤ 1.0 * 10–9 m/s. We found that none of the landfills in the four selected localities had an impermeable layer in the required depth (a filtration coefficient Kf from 1.8 * 10–9 to 3.9 * 10–9 m/s), and thus did not comply with the limiting conditions. As a result, an anthropogenic technical barrier had to be installed. An important goal of the study from an environmental point of view was to assess the existence of a suitable geological barrier under the proposed landfills. The most important criterion from this point of view is permeability. An additional technical objective of the project was also the assessment of the possible creation of a technical anthropogenic isolation barrier. In the event that the natural sealing barrier would not be sufficient. This was shown in all solved case studies of engineering geological investigations of waste landfills

Soil contamination by tar in the alluvial sediments: case study of the brownfield remediation project in the Czech Republic

The paper aims to analyse the remediation of soils contaminated by black coal tar and other contaminants in relation to risk limits in the different geological environments. The research was implemented as a case study in one of the most expensive remediation projects of contaminated soils in alluvial sediments, in the locality of a former coking plant Karolina in an industrial city of Ostrava in north-east of the Czech Republic. Based on the level of risk, three contaminated geological environments (layers) were selected, which were examined for chemical limits that must be complied with after remediation using ex situ thermal desorption. Around 1.5 million tons (10,720 wagons of 72 m(3) and 14 m) of contaminated soils were dug out, which were subsequently treated ex situ by means of thermal desorption. In total, 12,200 t of contaminants were removed, among which non-polar extractable substances (NPES) amounted to 67.94% (8289 t), benzene to 12.25% (1494 t), naphthalene to 11.27% (1375 t), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to 6.43% (784 t), benzo(a)pyrene to 1.11% (135 t), phenol to 0.82% (99 t), arsenic to 0.16% (20 t) and mercury to 0.02% (3 t). The most hazardous in terms of contact with humans was the top layer of quaternary alluvial fine-grained soils (3664 t of removed contaminants, 30% of all contamination-layer I). However, the most contaminated layer was the lowest, permeable layer of quaternary alluvial gravel sediments (7479 t of removed contaminants, 61% of all contamination-layer III). The contamination penetrated into the highly permeable layer due to gravity and could not migrate further due to the abundance of impermeable Miocene grey-blue clay.Web of Science79