Disseny i implementació d’una plataforma IoT industrial per a la gestió de dades industrials

El present treball de Fi d’Estudis té com a motivació l’estudi, el disseny, la implementació de l’arquitectura de comunicacions i dispositius necessaris pel desplegament d’una plataforma IIoT, a partir la qual connecti dispositius propis d’una planta de producció, amb aplicacions al núvol, per habilitar serveis remots de supervisió i control de producció. L’aplicació experimental s’ha realitzat als laboratoris de investigació MCIA de l’edifici GAIA i al laboratori Schneider de l’ESEIAAT, instal·lacions de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya ubicades a Terrassa. Concretament, el treball s’ha centrat en l’adquisició i gestió de dades d’un sistema automatitzat industrial i el posterior desplegament d’una aplicació de supervisió i control de producció, juntament amb el tractament de les dades adquirides per l’extracció d’informació rellevant. L’estudi es focalitza en el marc de l’automatització basada en la indústria 4.0, donant importància en digitalitzar el procés productiu, tractar-lo remotament i fer un ús intel·ligent d’aquestes dades, amb l’objectiu de crear entorns productius automatitzats més flexibles, més econòmics, amb una comunicació més vertical i autosuficients, aportant recerca i estudi d’acord al concepte de Smart Factory, tant per extreure-hi dades útils i rellevants pel procés el qual s’apliqui, com per la col·laboració i transformació d’una societat cada cop més sostenibl

A look at energy efficient system opportunities with community network clouds

Community networking is an emerging model of a shared communication infrastructure in which communities of citizens build and own open networks. Community networks offer successfully IP-based networking to the user. In addition, some hosts are connected to the network nodes in order to provide network management and end user services. Recently, clouds have been proposed for community networks. Some research projects such as Clommunity have started deploying computational infrastructure to enable cloud computing within community networks. In this paper we propose different options for such community clouds to contribute to energy efficient systems, in particular regarding cloud-based services and in relation to Smart Grid. Further discussion and interaction with the research initiatives on energy efficient systems should identify the most promising approach and outline possible ways for implementation.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Receiver-driven routing for community mesh networks

Community wireless mesh networks are decentralized and cooperative structures with participation rules that define their freedom, openness and neutrality. The operation of these networks require routing algorithms that may impose additional unnecessary technical restrictions in the determination of routes that can restrict the freedom of community users. We propose a receiver-driven discretionary routing mechanism where each receiver (the intended destination of the packet) can freely specify delivery objectives and remain compatible with the collaborative approach of community networks. Each node has a unique identifier and can announce the description of its offer and also the description of its routing policy with preferences to deliver traffic to it. BMX6 provides a 'hash-based profile propagation mechanism' to disseminate descriptions. This receiver-driven routing can be applied to express preferences for desirable nodes and paths, or to restrict traffic to trusted nodes enabling trust and security aware routing. We validate our contributions with a proof of concept implementation of key concepts, as an extension of the BMX6 routing protocol, that confirms its feasibility and scalability.Postprint (author’s final draft

Magneto-ionic control of magnetism in two-oxide nanocomposite thin films comprising mesoporous cobalt ferrite conformally nanocoated with HfO2

Advances in nanotechnology require of robust methods to fabricate new types of nanostructured materials whose properties can be controlled at will using simple procedures. Nanoscale composites can benefit from actuation protocols that involve mutual interfacial interactions on the nanoscale. Herein, a method to create nanoscale composite thin films consisting of mesoporous cobalt ferrite (CFO) whose pore walls are nanocoated with HfO2 is presented. Porous CFO films are first prepared by sol-gel. Atomic layer deposition is subsequently used to conformally grow a HfO2 layer at the surface of the pore walls, throughout the thickness of the films. The magnetic properties of uncoated and HfO2-coated CFO mesoporous films are then modulated by applying external voltage, via magneto-ionic effects. The CFO-HfO2 composite films exhibit an enhanced magnetoelectric response. The magnetic moment at saturation of the composite increases 56% upon the application of −50 V (compared to 24% for CFO alone). Furthermore, dissimilar trends in coercivity are observed: after applying −50 V, the coercivity of the composite film increases by 69% while the coercivity of the CFO alone decreases by 25%. The effects can be reversed applying suitable positive voltages. This two-oxide nanocomposite material differs from archetypical magneto-ionic architectures, in which voltage-driven ion migration is induced between fully-metallic and oxide counterparts. The synthesized material is particularly appealing to develop new types of magnetoelectric devices with a highly tunable magnetic response

Magneto-ionic suppression of magnetic vortices

Magneto-ionics refers to the non-volatile control of the magnetic properties of materials by voltage-driven ion migration. This phenomenon constitutes one of the most important magnetoelectric mechanisms and, so far, it has been employed to modify the magnetic easy axis of thin films, their coercivity or their net magnetization. Herein, a novel magneto-ionic effect is demonstrated: the transition from vortex to coherent rotation states, caused by voltage-induced ion motion, in arrays of patterned nanopillars. Electrolyte-gated Co/GdOx bilayered nanopillars are chosen as a model system. Electron microscopy observations reveal that, upon voltage application, oxygen ions diffuse from GdOx to Co, resulting in the development of paramagnetic oxide phases (CoOx) along sporadic diffusion channels. This breaks up the initial magnetization configuration of the ferromagnetic pillars (i.e. vortex states) and leads to the formation of small ferromagnetic nanoclusters, embedded in the CoOx matrix, which behave as single-domain nanoparticles. As a result, a decrease in the net magnetic moment is observed, together with a drastic change in the shape of the hysteresis loop. Micromagnetic simulations are used to interpret these findings. These results pave the way towards a new potential application of magnetoelectricity: the magneto-ionic control of magnetic vortex states

Toxins Secreted by Bacillus Isolated from Lung Adenocarcinomas Favor the Penetration of Toxic Substances

The aim was to explore the eventual role of bacteria in the induction of lung cancer by smoking habits. Viable bacteria closely related to the genus Bacillus were detected at high frequencies in lung-cancer biopsies. Similar, if not identical, microbes were isolated from cigarettes and in smog. Bacteria present in cigarettes could be transferred to a physiological solution via a "smoker" device that mimicked their potential transfer during smoking those bacteria produce exotoxins able to open transmembrane pores. These channels can be used as a way to penetrate cells of benzopyrenes and other toxic substances present in tobacco products. We hypothesize that Bacillaceae present in tobacco play a key role in the development of lung cancer

Synthesis of α-Fe2O3 and Fe-Mn oxide foams with highly tunable magnetic properties by the replication method from polyurethane templates

Open cell foams consisting of Fe and Fe-Mn oxides are prepared from metallic Fe and Mn powder precursors by the replication method using porous polyurethane (PU) templates. First, reticulated PU templates are coated by slurry impregnation. The templates are then thermally removed at 260 °C and the debinded powders are sintered at 1000 °C under N2 atmosphere. The morphology, structure, and magnetic properties are studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry, respectively. The obtained Fe and Fe-Mn oxide foams possess both high surface area and homogeneous open-cell structure. Hematite (α-Fe2O3) foams are obtained from the metallic iron slurry independently of the N2 flow. In contrast, the microstructure of the FeMn-based oxide foams can be tailored by adjusting the N2 flow. While the main phases for a N2 flow rate of 180 L/h are α-Fe2O3 and FeMnO3, the predominant phase for high N2 flow rates (e.g., 650 L/h) is Fe2MnO4. Accordingly, a linear magnetization versus field behavior is observed for the hematite foams, while clear hysteresis loops are obtained for the Fe2MnO4 foams. Actually, the saturation magnetization of the foams containing Mn increases from 5 emu/g to 52 emu/g when the N2 flow rate (i.e., the amount of Fe2MnO4) is increased. The obtained foams are appealing for a wide range of applications, such as electromagnetic absorbers, catalysts supports, thermal and acoustic insulation systems or wirelessly magnetically-guided porous objects in fluids

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Surface Modified β-Ti-18Mo-6Nb-5Ta (wt%) Alloy for Bone Implant Applications : Composite Characterization and Cytocompatibility Assessment

Commercially available titanium alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V are established in clinical use as load-bearing bone implant materials. However, concerns about the toxic effects of vanadium and aluminum have prompted the development of Al- and V-free β-Ti alloys. Herein, a new alloy composed of non-toxic elements, namely Ti-18Mo-6Nb-5Ta (wt%), has been fabricated by arc melting. The resulting single β-phase alloy shows improved mechanical properties (Young's modulus and hardness) and similar corrosion behavior in simulated body fluid when compared with commercial Ti-6Al-4V. To increase the cell proliferation capability of the new biomaterial, the surface of Ti-18Mo-6Nb-5Ta was modified by electrodepositing calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic layers. Coatings with a Ca/P ratio of 1.47 were obtained at pulse current densities, −j, of 1.8-8.2 mA/cm 2, followed by 48 h of NaOH post-treatment. The thickness of the coatings has been measured by scanning electron microscopy from an ion beam cut, resulting in an average thickness of about 5 μm. Finally, cytocompatibility and cell adhesion have been evaluated using the osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, demonstrating good biocompatibility and enhanced cell proliferation on the CaP-modified Ti-18Mo-6Nb-5Ta material compared with the bare alloy, even outperforming their CaP-modified Ti-6-Al-4V counterparts