Методичні підходи до оцінки ефективності функціонування ринку праці в аграрному секторі економіки

Ціль статті - визначити методичні підходи до оцінки ефективності функціонування ринку праці в аграрному секторі економіки на сучасному етапі

Community Engagement newsletter, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Spring, 2012

“Save the Rhinos” education programme / Megan Scrooby -- Monkey business at Johannesburg Zoo: community engagement / Rosaly Steyn -- Vet students: helping cats and humanity alike / Azeemah Parker -- An inspirational day at the Pretoria Zoo / Tania Vermeulen, Karen Niszl, Keagan Boustead, Kirsty Pearson, Julian Kampman and Marc van WijkOriginally published as HTML file, converted to PDF with Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro Version 9.0.0

Community Engagement newsletter, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Winter, June 2015

Avuxeni Hluvukani / Kaylee Ferreira, Willem Engelbrecht, Marelize Greyling and Janine Lombard -- Keeping Mamelodi pets healthy / Jeanne Rudman -- Veterinary outreach still going strong in the Mountain Kingdom / Tarryn Fergasson -- Bush, bovines and bravado / Kirsty Pearson, Tania Vermeulen, Rishani Narainsamy and Karen NiszlNews articles with colour photos about the various community engagement projects of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria.ab201

Identification of asthma associated microRNAs in bronchial biopsies

Background Changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression can contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including asthma. We aimed to identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed between asthma patients and healthy controls, and explore their association with clinical and inflammatory parameters of asthma. Methods Differentially expressed miRNAs were determined by small RNA sequencing on bronchial biopsies of 79 asthma patients and 82 healthy controls using linear regression models. Differentially expressed miRNAs were associated with clinical and inflammatory asthma features. Potential miRNA-mRNA interactions were analysed using mRNA data available from the same bronchial biopsies, and enrichment of pathways was identified with Enrichr and g:Profiler. Results In total, 78 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in bronchial biopsies of asthma patients compared with controls, of which 60 remained differentially expressed after controlling for smoking and inhaled corticosteroid treatment. We identified several asthma-associated miRNAs, including miR-125b-5p and miR-223-3p, based on a significant association with multiple clinical and inflammatory asthma features and their negative correlation with genes associated with the presence of asthma. The most enriched biological pathway(s) affected by miR-125b-5p and miR-223-3p were inflammatory response and cilium assembly/organisation. Of interest, we identified that lower expression of miR-26a-5p was linked to more severe eosinophilic inflammation as measured in blood, sputum as well as bronchial biopsies. Conclusion Collectively, we identified miR-125b-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-26a-5p as potential regulators that could contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma

Environmental Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Exposure at Home, Mobile and Cordless Phone Use, and Sleep Problems in 7-Year-Old Children

BACKGROUND: We evaluated if exposure to RF-EMF was associated with reported quality of sleep in 2,361 children, aged 7 years. METHODS: This study was embedded in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) birth cohort study. When children were about five years old, school and residential exposure to RF-EMF from base stations was assessed with a geospatial model (NISMap) and from indoor sources (cordless phone/WiFi) using parental self-reports. Parents also reported their children's use of mobile or cordless phones. When children were seven years old, we evaluated sleep quality as measured with the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) filled in by parents. Of eight CSHQ subscales, we evaluated sleep onset delay, sleep duration, night wakenings, parasomnias and daytime sleepiness with logistic or negative binomial regression models, adjusting for child's age and sex and indicators of socio-economic position of the parents. We evaluated the remaining three subscales (bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, sleep disordered breathing) as unrelated outcomes (negative control) because these were a priori hypothesised not to be associated with RF-EMF. RESULTS: Sleep onset delay, night wakenings, parasomnias and daytime sleepiness were not associated with residential exposure to RF-EMF from base stations. Sleep duration scores were associated with RF-EMF levels from base stations. Higher use mobile phones was associated with less favourable sleep duration, night wakenings and parasomnias, and also with bedtime resistance. Cordless phone use was not related to any of the sleeping scores. CONCLUSION: Given the different results across the evaluated RF-EMF exposure sources and the observed association between mobile phone use and the negative control sleep scale, our study does not support the hypothesis that it is the exposure to RF-EMF that is detrimental to sleep quality in 7-year old children, but potentially other factors that are related to mobile phone usage

Different angiogenic potential in low and high grade sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma is not related to alterations in the von HippelLindau gene

Background: von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) inactivation is common in sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). pVHL is part of the ubiquitin ligase complex that targets the alpha subunits of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) for degradation under well-oxygenated conditions. In the absence of wild-type pVHL, as observed in VHL patients and most sporadic ccRCCs, constitutive upregulation of HIF results in transcriptional activation of angiogenesis-related genes, such as VEGF. Differences in angiogenic activity within the group of ccRCCs were reported and strong genotype-phenotype correlations were found in patients with VHL disease, raising a question about the importance of VHL inactivation status in angiogenic behaviour and tumour progression

Maternal, paternal, and child characteristics by mobile and cordless phone use.

<p>^aValues are percentages for the categorical variables and arithmetic means for the continuous variables</p><p>P-trend = P-value for trend</p><p>Overall sleep scores are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0139869#pone.0139869.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>. On average, children went to bed at around 8pm and woke up shortly before 7am.</p><p>Maternal, paternal, and child characteristics by mobile and cordless phone use.</p

Fully-adjusted association between RF-EMF exposure sources and those sleeping problems <i>a priori</i> hypothesized to be potentially related to RF-EMF exposure.

<p>Model adjusted for maternal educational level, parental financial situation, parental countries of birth, maternal and paternal age, and child's sex, age, and number of siblings</p><p>Fully-adjusted association between RF-EMF exposure sources and those sleeping problems <i>a priori</i> hypothesized to be potentially related to RF-EMF exposure.</p

Maternal, paternal, and child characteristics by RF-EMF^a.

<p>^aValues are percentages for the categorical variables and arithmetic means for the continuous variables</p><p>CP: Cordless phone; P-diff = P-value for group differences based on chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis tests; P-trend = P-value for non-parametric test for trend</p><p>Maternal, paternal, and child characteristics by RF-EMF<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0139869#t001fn001" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p